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Headword:
*)aasa/mhn
Adler number: alpha,7
Translated headword: I was addled
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] I did wrong, I slipped up;[1] I was damaged,[2] in the sense of "I was overcome by folly."
Greek Original:*)aasa/mhn: h(/marton, e)sfa/lhn: e)bla/bhn, oi(=on a)/th| perie/peson.
Notes:
The headword is the first person singular, aorist indicative middle/passive, of
a)a/w (LSJ entry at web address 1). It is found frequently in epic poetry, e.g.
Homer Iliad 9.116 (web address 2).
[1] Up to this point the entry =
Synagoge (Codex B) alpha3 (
Lexica Segueriana 3.8 Bachmann).
[2] From here on the entry is very similar to Apollonius Sophistes,
Homeric Lexicon 1.19, and
Hesychius alpha25.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; poetry; religion
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 21 August 1998@16:50:10.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)aba/skanos
Adler number: alpha,22
Translated headword: unprejudiced
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning someone/something] deceit-free, envy-free.
"He [
Mithradates] became an unprejudiced witness to Caesar of the achievements of Antipater."[1]
Greek Original:*)aba/skanos: a)yeudh\s, a)nepi/fqonos. o( de\ ma/rtus a)ba/skanos gi/netai pro\s *kai/sara tw=n *)antipa/trou katorqwma/twn.
Notes:
For the etymology of the (rare) headword adjective cf.
beta 167,
beta 168,
beta 169.
[1]
Josephus,
Jewish War 1.192 (see web address 1 below). For Antipater, father of Herod the Great, see OCD(4) s.v. Antipater(6), pp.107-8. 'Caesar' is Julius Caesar.
Mithradates is not one of the six kings of Pontus who bore that name (cf.
mu 1044) but the half-caste son of the last of them: a.k.a. M. of Pergamum.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; definition; ethics; geography; historiography; history
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 22 August 1998@12:59:41.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)abde/lukta
Adler number: alpha,25
Translated headword: unhateful [things]
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] those which do not cause pollution, at which one would not feel disgust or hatred. The word [is] somewhat tragic.[1]
Aeschylus in
Myrmidons [writes]: "indeed, for I love them, they are unhateful to me."[2]
Greek Original:*)abde/lukta: ta\ mh\ miai/nonta, a(\ ou)k a)/n tis bdeluxqei/h kai\ dusxera/neie. tragikwte/ra de\ h( le/cis. *ai)sxu/los *murmido/si: kai\ mh\n, filw= ga\r, a)bde/lukt' e)moi\ ta/de.
Notes:
The headword, presumably extracted from the quotation given, is neuter plural of this adjective.
cf. generally (by way of opposites)
beta 197,
beta 198,
beta 199,
beta 200,
beta 201, etc.
=
Photius,
Lexicon alpha33 Theodoridis (
Phrynichus,
Praeparatio Sophistica fr. 40), and very similar to
Synagoge (Codex B) alpha12; cf.
Hesychius alpha94.
[1] cf.
tau 659.
[2]
Aeschylus fr. 137 Nauck.
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; religion; tragedy
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 23 August 1998@16:23:12.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)abe/baios
Adler number: alpha,28
Translated headword: unreliable, unsteady
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning he who/that which is] unstable and easily overturned.
Greek Original:*)abe/baios: o( a)staqh\s kai\ eu)meta/treptos.
Notes:
Keywords: definition; ethics
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 23 August 1998@16:26:12.
Vetted by:William Hutton (Modified translation, set keyword and status) on 20 January 2001@23:04:33.
Catharine Roth (Added link.) on 21 January 2001@01:32:39.
David Whitehead (added x-refs; cosmetics) on 9 June 2003@07:11:20.
Catharine Roth (augmented note, removed link) on 4 October 2007@01:20:48.
David Whitehead (another hw option; modified note) on 19 December 2011@06:41:50.
David Whitehead (another keyword; cosmetics) on 2 April 2015@09:07:22.
Headword:
*)/abel
Adler number: alpha,30
Translated headword: Abel
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Son of Adam.[1] This man was chaste and just, and a shepherd of flocks; out of these he offered a sacrifice to God and was accepted, but was then killed because he was envied by his brother Cain.[2] Cain happened to be a farmer and after the judgement he lived worse, with groaning and trembling. For Abel, by dedicating the firstborn [of the flock] to God, recommended himself as more God-loving than self-loving,[3] and because this was a good choice, he was accepted. But Cain impiously kept his first-fruits for himself and gave the seconds to God, and for this reason was rightly rejected. For it says: "and after some days it happened that Cain offered from the fruits of the earth."[4] Cain was disgraced by the fact that the produce he offered to God was not the first-fruits but that which was some days old and second-best.
Greek Original:*)/abel: ui(o\s *)ada/m. ou(=tos parqe/nos kai\ di/kaios u(ph=rxe kai\ poimh\n proba/twn: e)c w(=n kai\ qusi/an tw=| qew=| prosagagw\n kai\ dexqei\s a)nairei=tai, fqonhqei\s u(po\ tou= a)delfou= au)tou= *ka/i+n. o( *ka/i+n de\ gewrgo\s tugxa/nwn kai\ meta\ th\n di/khn xeiro/nws biw/sas ste/nwn kai\ tre/mwn h)=n. o( ga\r *)/abel ta\ prwto/toka tw=| qew=| kaqierw=n filo/qeon ma=llon h)\ fi/lauton e(auto\n suni/sth, o(/qen kai\ dia\ th=s a)gaqh=s au)tou= proaire/sews a)pede/xqh. o( de\ *ka/i+n dussebw=s e(autw=| a)pone/mwn ta\ prwtogennh/mata, qew=| de\ ta\ deu/tera, ei)ko/tws kai\ a)peblh/qh. fhsi\ ga/r: kai\ e)ge/neto meq' h(me/ras, prosh/negke *ka/i+n a)po\ tw=n karpw=n th=s gh=s. w(/ste dia\ tou=to *ka/i+n e)le/gxetai, o(/ti mh\ ta\ a)kroqi/nia gennh/mata prosh/negke tw=| qew=|, a)lla\ ta\ meq' h(me/ras kai\ deu/tera.
Notes:
Keywords: agriculture; biography; botany; Christianity; daily life; ethics; food; historiography; religion; zoology
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 20 August 1998@17:57:27.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)abelteroko/kkuc
Adler number: alpha,31
Translated headword: silly cuckoo
Vetting Status: high
Translation: The vacuous and silly man.[1]
Greek Original:*)abelteroko/kkuc: o( keno\s kai\ a)be/lteros.
Notes:
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: comedy; definition; ethics; imagery; zoology
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 23 August 1998@16:28:01.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)abe/lteros
Adler number: alpha,32
Translated headword: thoughtless
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] mindless, stupid. For the intelligent man [is]
be/lteros ["thoughtful, superior"].[1]
"No, by Zeus, not the greedy and thoughtless fellow, but the mindless and conceitedly slow-witted."[2]
Menander in
Perinthia [writes]: "any servant who takes an idle and easy master and deceives him does not know what a great accomplishment it is to make a greater fool of one who is already thoughtless".[3]
They also call
a)belthri/a ["thoughtlessness"] an
a)belth/rion ["thoughtless thing"].
Anaxandrides in
Helen[4] [writes]: "[A:] an anchor, a little boat, - call it what vessel you want. [B:] O Heracles of the sacred precinct of thoughtlessness. [A:] But one could not estimate its size."
Also [sc. attested is]
a)belthri/a, [meaning] stupidity. Or mindlessness.
Menander [writes]: "their mind drove them to such thoughtlessness that they prayed for victory over each other rather than over the enemy."[5]
Greek Original:*)abe/lteros: a)no/htos, a)su/netos. be/lteros ga\r o( fro/nimos. ou) ma\ *di/' ou)x o( pleone/kths kai\ a)gnw/mwn, a)ll' o( a)no/htos kai\ eu)h/qhs meta\ xauno/thtos. *me/nandros *perinqi/a|: o(/stis paralabw\n despo/thn a)pra/gmona kai\ kou=fon e)capata=| qera/pwn, ou)k oi)=d' o(/ ti ou(=tos megalei=o/n e)sti diapepragme/nos, e)pabelterw/sas to/n pote a)be/lteron. le/gousi de\ kai\ a)belth/rion th\n a)belthri/an. *)alecandri/dhs *(ele/nh|: a)/gkura, le/mbos, skeu=os o(/ ti bou/lei le/ge. w)= *(hra/kleis a)belthri/ou temenikou=. a)ll' ou)d' a)\n ei)pei=n to\ me/geqos du/naito/ tis. kai\ *)abelthri/a, h( a)frosu/nh. h)\ a)nohsi/a. *me/nandros: ei)s tou=to de\ a)belthri/as h)/lasen au)toi=s o( nou=s, w(/ste qa/teron me/ros th\n kata\ qate/rou ma=llon h)\ th\n kata\ tw=n polemi/wn eu)/xesqai ni/khn.
Notes:
On this headword, a comic formation literally meaning non-superior, see generally LSJ s.v. (web address 1 below); and cf.
alpha 31,
alpha 33.
[1] These glosses are paralleled in a variety of other lexica (and in the
scholia to
Aristophanes,
Clouds 1201 and
Ecclesiazusae 768).
[2] Quotation (an illustration of the first of the glossing words, not the headword) unidentifiable; also in
Photius and Aelius
Dionysius.
[3]
Menander fr. 393 Kock.
[4]
Anaxandrides [see generally
alpha 1982] fr. 12 Kock (and K.-A.). But note that Adler prints the manuscript reading "Alexandrides", on the strength of the (apparent) mention of such a playwright in
alpha 3824. On the emendation to
Anaxandrides, see Toup vol. 1 p. 9; Adler attributes the emendation to 'Iunius' (probably Adriaan de Jonghe, 1511-1575, author of a Greek/Latin
Lexicon).
[5] Not M. the comic poet, quoted above, but the C6 CE historian
Menander Protector [
mu 591]: his fr. 28 Blockley (242-243). There is no context to the unplaced fragment that would allow the identification of the individuals or their enemy.
References:
Toup, Jonathan, and Richard Porson. Emendationes in Suidam Et Hesychium, Et Alios Lexicographos Graecos. Oxford 1790
R.C. Blockley, ed. and trans., The History of Menander the Guardsman, (Cambridge 1985)
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: comedy; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; historiography; history; military affairs; religion
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 25 August 1998@19:02:21.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)abelterw/tatoi
Adler number: alpha,33
Translated headword: most thoughtless, very thoughtless
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Aristophanes [writes]: "before this most/very thoughtless men used to sit gaping -- Dolts, Half-wits".[1]
Greek Original:*)abelterw/tatoi: *)aristofa/nhs: te/ws d' a)belterw/tatoi kexhno/tes *mamma/kuqoi *meliti/dai ka/qhntai.
Notes:
(Entry lacking, Adler reports, in ms S.)
Masculine nominative plural of this superlative, evidently from the quotation given. See also
alpha 31,
alpha 32.
[1]
Aristophanes,
Frogs 989-991 (web address 1), quoted also at
beta 468 and
mu 121. The other two terms used here (each of them apparently stemming from a proper name) stand at least as much in need of glossing as does this adjective: see Dover (below) 315-16. For the formation of the adjective, see also the entry in LSJ s.v. (web address 2 below).
Reference:
Aristophanes, Frogs, edited with introduction and commentary by K.J. Dover (Oxford 1993)
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: comedy; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 25 August 1998@19:03:23.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)abesalw/m
Adler number: alpha,35
Translated headword: Abesalom, Absalom
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Proper name.[1]
[The man] who rose up against his own father
David and was destroyed by him in the war.[2]
Greek Original:*)abesalw/m: o)/noma ku/rion. o(\s tou= i)di/ou patro\s *dabi\d katecane/sth kai\ a)nh|re/qh u(p' au)tou= e)n tw=| pole/mw|.
Notes:
[1] So too, according to Adler, in the Ambrosian Lexicon.
[2] See generally 2 Samuel 15-18 LXX.
Keywords: biography; children; definition; ethics; history; military affairs; religion
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@18:50:03.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)abh/s
Adler number: alpha,38
Translated headword: stupid
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning someone or something] unintelligent.
Greek Original:*)abh/s: o( a)su/netos.
Notes:
(Entry lacking, Adler reports, in ms S.)
The headword is found only in lexicographers, who seem unsure of its meaning(s): besides the above, cf.
a)nai/sxuntos 'shameless' (
Hesychius) and
a)no/sios 'unholy' (
Hesychius and the
Etymologicum Gudianum).
Keywords: definition; ethics
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@18:51:47.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)abi/wton
Adler number: alpha,49
Translated headword: unlivable
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning something] bad [and] annoying, painful.[1]
"He found it an unlivable situation if he could not control the city".[2]
Also [sc. attested is the masculine] a)bi/wtos, he who is not alive.[3]
Greek Original:*)abi/wton: kako\n a)hde\s, o)dunhro/n. o( de\ a)biw/tws ei)=xen, ei) mh\ krath/soi th=s po/lews. kai\ *)abi/wtos, o( mh\ zw=n.
Notes:
[1] Same material in other lexica; references at
Photius alpha39 Theodoridis. The headword -- shown by the glossing to be neuter nominative/accusative singular rather than masculine accusative singular -- is evidently quoted from somewhere. The possibilities are numerous. (Latte on
Hesychius s.v. confidently asserts
Euripides,
Alcestis 242.)
[2] Quotation unidentifiable -- but perhaps from
Plutarch, who has several instances of the idiom
a)biw/tws e)/xein.
[3] For this word see also
alpha 50.
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; history; politics; tragedy
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:01:02.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)/abitos
Adler number: alpha,53
Translated headword: Abitos, Abitus
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Proper name.
"Abitos built himself an ascetic's cell."[1]
Greek Original:*)/abitos: o)/noma ku/rion. *)/abitos th\n a)skhtikh\n kalu/bhn e)ph/cato.
Note:
[1] Quotation not identified by Adler, but a TLG search reveals it to be Theodoret,
Historia religiosa,
Vita 3.12 (lightly abridged). See on this Theodoridis'
Photius edition, vol.II p.LXXXI.
Keywords: biography; Christianity; definition; ethics; religion
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:05:27.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)ableme/ws
Adler number: alpha,54
Translated headword: fecklessly, heedlessly
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] thoughtlessly.
Greek Original:*)ableme/ws: a)fronti/stws.
Notes:
This rare adverb occurs in -- and is surely extracted from -- a fragment of the epic poet Panyassis (
pi 248) preserved in
Athenaeus,
Deipnosophists 2.36D (2.3 Kaibel); it refers there to intemperate drinking.
See also
Etymologicum Magnum 3.24 and other lexica.
Reference:
Apostolos Athanassakis, "Blemeaino/ablemes (-eos): Meaning and Possible Etymology," Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, Vol. 101, (1970), pp. 51-61
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; food
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:06:08.
Vetted by:William Hutton (Added headword, modified translation, added keyword, set status) on 30 January 2001@08:13:47.
David Whitehead (added note and keywords) on 5 February 2003@09:40:16.
Catharine Roth (augmented note, added bibliography, raised status) on 19 May 2008@15:40:50.
David Whitehead (expanded note; more keywords) on 19 December 2011@07:55:52.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 13 January 2015@23:40:50.
David Whitehead (tweaked a ref) on 14 January 2015@02:47:42.
Headword:
*)ablepth/mati
Adler number: alpha,55
Translated headword: by an oversight
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] by a mistake.
"He bore the oversights of ordinary folk patiently, but those of more intellectual people grieved him."[1]
Also [sc. attested is the participle] a)bleptou=ntes. "Those committing oversights and ashamed to face Philip were coming to help."[2]
Greek Original:*)ablepth/mati: a(marth/mati. o( de\ fe/rwn e)karte/rei ta\ tw=n i)diwtw=n a)blepth/mata, ta\ de\ tw=n logikwte/rwn au)to\n h)ni/a. kai\ *)ableptou=ntes. oi( de\ a)bleptou=ntes kai\ ai)dou/menoi a)ntofqalmei=n pro\s to\n *fi/lippon e)boh/qoun.
Notes:
The headword and the synonym offered for it are neuter nouns in the dative singular (translated here as instrumental datives). The same headword -- evidently quoted from somewhere but not independently attested -- and gloss also appear in other lexica; references at
Photius alpha40 Theodoridis. The first quotation illustrates this same noun but in the accusative plural.
[1]
Polybius fr. 90 Büttner-Wobst. Büttner-Wobst notes that this fragment was attributed to
Polybius by Casaubon, but not accepted by Schweighäuser (p. 527).
[2]
Polybius fr. 91 Büttner-Wobst. Casaubon also attributed this fragment to
Polybius, but Büttner-Wobst notes that Dindorf rejected it (ibid.).
Reference:
T. Büttner-Wobst, ed., Polybii Historiae, vol. IV, (Leipzig 1904)
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; historiography; history
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:07:04.
Vetted by:William Hutton (Modified translation, added note and keywords, set status) on 30 January 2001@08:24:21.
David Whitehead (modified translation and note; cosmetics) on 13 April 2004@10:08:32.
David Whitehead (more keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 19 December 2011@08:01:56.
David Whitehead on 16 August 2013@06:47:36.
David Whitehead (expanded primary note) on 2 April 2015@09:26:19.
Ronald Allen (supplemented notes, added bibliography) on 24 April 2018@22:29:37.
Ronald Allen (reworded n.2) on 25 April 2018@22:02:29.
Ronald Allen (cosmeticule) on 9 May 2018@22:31:12.
Ronald Allen (bibliography cosmeticule) on 4 June 2018@22:39:57.
Ronald Allen (cosmeticule in primary note: make em dash symmetrical) on 4 September 2018@18:59:19.
Headword:
*)ablhxrh/n
Adler number: alpha,58
Translated headword: feeble
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] weak. For what is strong [is]
blhxro/n.[1]
Aelian [writes]: "so she brought her life to an end gently and with a calm and feeble death, such as even
Homer seems to me to praise."[2]
Greek Original:*)ablhxrh/n: a)sqenh=. blhxro\n ga\r to\ i)sxuro/n. *ai)liano/s: kate/streyen ou)=n to\n bi/on pra/ws te kai\ su\n galh/nh| kai\ a)blhxrw=| qana/tw|, o(/nper ou)=n e)painei=n kai\ *(/omhros dokei= moi.
Notes:
The headword adjective is feminine accusative singular. It is extracted from
Homer,
Iliad 5.337, where it refers to Aphrodite's hand; cf. the
scholia there.
[1] Same or similar glossing in other lexica (references at
Photius alpha42 Theodoridis); and cf.
beta 340. This seems to be an error, however:
blhxro/s is well attested as meaning "weak" by itself: see web address 1 for the LSJ entry. The lexica mistake the copulative alpha in the headword for an alpha privative.
[2]
Aelian fr. 182d Domingo-Forasté (179 Hercher): cf.
Homer,
Odyssey 11.135 (web address 2 below). The preceding fragment, quoted at
tau 596, shows that the subject is a woman.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: biography; daily life; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; poetry; women
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:09:47.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)aboulei/
Adler number: alpha,60
Timeout after 20 seconds; further results omitted.