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Headword: *spadw/n
Adler number: sigma,896
Translated headword: cramp; castrato
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
With an oxytone accent [this means] a spasm.
But with a barytone accent [i.e. spa/dwn] [it means] a eunuch.[1]
Also [sc. attested is] neospa/da ['new-torn'], [meaning] one that was recently torn-off.[2]
Also [sc. attested is] spadoni/smata ['flaccidities']: "and [as] hanging sails, flaccidities of breasts sag."[3]
And it keeps [sc. the omega in the oblique cases].[4]
Greek Original:
*spadw/n: o)cuto/nws to\ spa/sma. baruto/nws de\ o( e)ktomi/as. kai\ *neospa/da, th\n newsti\ a)pospasqei=san. kai\ *spadoni/smata. i(sti/a d' ai)wrhta\ xala=| spadoni/smata mastw=n. kai\ fula/ttei.
Notes:
[1] cf. Philoponus, On words that have different meanings when accented differently sigma20; Hesychius sigma1380, sigma1381; Erotianus 120.9 Klein; Synagoge sigma164; Photius sigma427 Theodoridis. ps.-Zonaras 1664, citing Psellus 6.485, ascribes the meaning 'spasm' to the word with a paroxytone accent, an accentuation which is also attested numerous times in the Hippocratic Corpus (e.g. On Diseases 1.14). On the barytone ('heavy-tone') accent see generally Dickey 126 (4.2.9). On spadw/n and spa/dwn see the adjacent entries in LSJ; but for the (paroxytone) term in reference to eunuchs note sigma 897.
[2] This secondary lemma is an accusative singular form of the adjective neospa/s, but ambiguous in gender (masculine or feminine). The gloss, however, is in feminine gender, and the same gloss occurs in nu 209, in reference to the occurrence of the term in a poem by George the Pisidian (Heraclias 3 fr. 25), where it is applied to a finger or military phalanx (fa/lagga: grammatically feminine in Greek).
[3] Greek Anthology 5.204.5 (Meleager [Author, Myth]), a poem in which parts of an old woman are likened to those of a decrepit ship. Another excerpt from this epigram is at kappa 1301.
[4] This last phrase occurs only in the margin of ms M, Adler reports; cf. e.g. pi 780.
Reference:
Eleanor Dickey, Ancient Greek Scholarship (OUP 2007)
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; gender and sexuality; imagery; medicine; military affairs; poetry; women
Translated by: William Hutton on 16 March 2014@18:18:40.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (typo) on 16 March 2014@21:20:40.
Catharine Roth (set status) on 16 March 2014@21:37:12.
David Whitehead (expanded n.1; tweaking; raised status) on 17 March 2014@05:07:54.
Catharine Roth (typo, tweaked reference) on 27 November 2014@00:01:51.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation) on 17 January 2016@00:34:34.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticule) on 23 March 2022@01:04:10.
Ronald Allen (added cross-reference n.3) on 4 September 2023@21:45:58.

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