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Headword: Aaschetos
Adler number: alpha,9
Translated headword: irresistible
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Something someone/something] uncontrollable.[1]
Greek Original:
Aaschetos: akratêtos.
Notes:
A word from epic poetry, e.g. Homer, Iliad 5.892 (web address 1), with metrical reduplication of the initial alpha (cf. LSJ s.v. a)/sxetos at web address 2). The headword and the gloss are both masculine/feminine nominative singular.
[1] A related but not identical word (a)katakra/thton) is used to gloss the neuter form of the headword at Etymologicum Magnum 1.32.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; meter and music; poetry
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 21 August 1998@16:55:57.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Raised status) on 17 October 2000@17:25:25.
David Whitehead (modified headword, to differentiate it from gloss) on 9 February 2001@04:47:19.
William Hutton (modified headword, added notes, links and keywords) on 20 August 2007@08:09:43.
Jennifer Benedict (cosmeticule) on 22 March 2008@17:17:54.
David Whitehead (spelling) on 23 March 2008@05:06:11.
Jennifer Benedict (cosmeticule) on 24 March 2008@23:14:55.
Jennifer Benedict (another cosmeticule) on 24 March 2008@23:15:34.
Catharine Roth (upgraded link) on 17 December 2011@00:14:10.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 2 April 2015@08:39:22.

Headword: Aboulôs
Adler number: alpha,64
Translated headword: ill-advisedly
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] unthinkingly, ignorantly.[1]
A line [of verse]: "badly, ill-advisedly, unthinkingly, without reason."[2]
Greek Original:
Aboulôs: aphronôs, amathôs. stichos: kakôs, aboulôs, aphronôs, aneu logou.
Notes:
[1] Same glossing in other lexica (references at Photius alpha48 Theodoridis); and cf. generally alpha 60, alpha 63.
[2] An unidentifiable iambic trimeter, perhaps from tragedy.
Keywords: definition; ethics; meter and music; poetry; tragedy
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:24:02.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Modified headword, translation, augmented note and keywords, set status) on 30 January 2001@22:45:54.
David Whitehead (added note) on 23 April 2002@09:19:48.
David Whitehead (more keywords; cosmetics) on 15 August 2007@09:49:22.
David Whitehead (tweaks and cosmetics) on 19 December 2011@08:56:38.
David Whitehead on 16 August 2013@07:01:26.

Headword: Abelteros nous
Adler number: alpha,71
Translated headword: foolish mind
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
"[A foolish mind,] empty, naive, young."
Greek Original:
Abelteros nous, chaunos, euêthês, neos.
Notes:
An iambic trimeter, unattributable to any particular author but regarded by Maas (BZ 28 (1928) 421) as coming from a comedy; now Kassel-Austin adespota fr. 915.
The entry is out of alphabetical order; cf. alpha 31, alpha 32, alpha 33.
Keywords: comedy; ethics; meter and music; poetry
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:27:46.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Cosmetics, keyword, set status) on 31 January 2001@12:52:43.
David Whitehead (rearranged headword and translation; added note; altered keyword) on 1 February 2001@03:30:55.
David Whitehead (internal reorganisation; augmented notes and keywords) on 19 December 2011@09:16:59.
David Whitehead (expanded note; another keyword) on 29 December 2014@03:01:59.
David Whitehead (my typo) on 2 April 2015@10:38:43.

Headword: Agathônios
Adler number: alpha,125
Translated headword: Agathonios, Agathonius
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
A proper name.[1]
[The man] who was king of Tartessos.[2]
Also [sc. attested is the phrase] "Agathon's pipe-playing": the soft and relaxed [kind]; alternatively that which is neither loose nor harsh, but temperate and very sweet.[3]
Greek Original:
Agathônios: onoma kurion. hos ebasileuse tês Tartêssou. kai Agathônios aulêsis: hê malakê kai eklelumenê: ê hê mête chalara, mête pikra, all' eukratos kai hêdistê.
Notes:
[1] Herodotus 1.163 gives it as Arganthonios (text at web address 1). See also tau 137.
[2] In southern Spain; probably the Biblical Tarshish. See generally tau 137 and OCD(4) s.v. (p.1433).
[3] Zenobius 1.2. On Agathon (an Athenian poet of the late C5 BC) and his reputation for softness see alpha 124; and on his aulos music, M.L. West, Ancient Greek Music (Oxford 1992) 354-5.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; daily life; definition; ethics; geography; historiography; history; imagery; meter and music; proverbs; tragedy
Translated by: David Whitehead on 10 February 2001@09:33:27.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (added link) on 25 April 2002@11:17:50.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords) on 17 September 2002@05:14:00.
Catharine Roth (cross-reference, italics, keyword) on 18 September 2006@18:09:26.
David Whitehead (tweaks) on 22 December 2011@07:42:50.
David Whitehead on 22 December 2011@07:43:09.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 29 July 2014@12:34:58.
Catharine Roth (tweaked link) on 27 April 2024@19:48:37.

Headword: Aglaokoitos
Adler number: alpha,264
Translated headword: splendid-bedded
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] highly honored.
Greek Original:
Aglaokoitos: panu timios.
Notes:
Same entry in other lexica; references at Photius alpha195 Theodoridis. The headword -- otherwise unattested -- is metrically suitable for hexameter verse.
For other such compounds see alpha 265, alpha 266, alpha 267.
Keywords: definition; ethics; meter and music; poetry
Translated by: Roger Travis on 4 October 2000@12:45:30.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Cosmetics, set status) on 18 June 2001@01:42:01.
David Whitehead (added note) on 18 June 2001@03:03:47.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 5 January 2012@04:25:01.
David Whitehead on 18 August 2013@08:13:38.

Headword: Agorasô
Adler number: alpha,305
Translated headword: I will go to market
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Meaning I will spend time in [the] marketplace. Aristophanes [writes]: "and I will go to market in arms alongside Aristogeiton."[1] Meaning I will spend time in the market with Aristogeiton, near Aristogeiton.[2] That is,[3] "in a myrtle branch we will carry our sword, just like Harmodios and Aristogeiton". For they, having drawn their swords from myrtle branches, struck down the tyrant.
Greek Original:
Agorasô: anti tou en agorai diatripsô. Aristophanês: agorasô t' en tois hoplois hexês Aristogeitoni. anti tou en têi agorai diatripsô meta Aristogeitonos, engus Aristogeitonos. toutestin en mursinôi kladôi to xiphos phoresomen, hôsper Harmodios kai Aristogeitôn. houtoi gar apo tôn mursinôn kladôn ta xiphê anaspasantes ton turannon katebalon.
Notes:
See also epsilon 1384, phi 592.
[1] Aristophanes, Lysistrata 633 (web address 1 below), with comment from the scholia there.
[2] On the statues of the tyrannicides (see further, next note) Aristogeiton and Harmodios in the Athenian Agora, see in brief J.M. Camp, The Athenian Agora (London 1986) 38; cf. OCD(4) s.v. Aristogiton (pp.156-7); and at length M.W. Taylor, The Tyrant Slayers (New York 1981) 51-77.
[3] What follows this less-than-apposite opening is a line from one of the skolia (drinking songs) -- best preserved in Athenaeus, Deipnosophists 15.695A-B [15.50 Kaibel] -- which commemorated the assassination of Hipparchos in 514 BCE. See generally M. Ostwald, Nomos and the Beginnings of the Athenian Democracy (Oxford 1969) 121-136.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; botany; comedy; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; history; military affairs; meter and music; politics; trade and manufacture
Translated by: William Hutton on 30 October 2000@00:44:39.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added notes; cosmetics) on 30 October 2000@04:35:33.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 9 October 2005@11:05:58.
David Whitehead (tweaked tr; x-refs; more keywords) on 28 February 2006@03:08:29.
David Whitehead (more keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 5 January 2012@09:28:58.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 30 July 2014@02:58:03.
David Whitehead (typo; other tweaking) on 9 April 2015@09:02:53.

Headword: Agreia aoidê
Adler number: alpha,350
Translated headword: rustic song
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
The rural [kind].[1]
"He stretched the hide down a rustic plane tree." In the Epigrams.[2]
Also [sc. attested is] a)grei=os, [meaning] the yokel, the ignoramus.[3]
Or someone from the country.
Aristophanes in Clouds [writes]: "you are rustic and clumsy."[4]
The rustic and possessor of a large beard.[5]
And elsewhere: "it's particularly vulgar to see a poet who is rustic and hairy."[6]
Greek Original:
Agreia aoidê: hê agroikikê. to skutos agreiês t' eine kata platanou. en Epigrammasi. kai Agreios, ho agroikos, ho amathês. ê ho apo tou agrou. Aristophanês Nephelais: agreios ei kai skaios. ho agroikos kai megan pôgôna echôn. kai authis: allôs t' amouson esti poiêtên idein agreion onta kai dasun.
Notes:
[1] The headword phrase is presumably quoted from somewhere.
[2] Greek Anthology 6.35.2 (Leonidas of Tarentum), a rustic dedication to Pan; cf. Gow and Page, vol. I (122) and vol. II (356-357); cf. further extracts from this epigram at alpha 325, alphaiota 210, gamma 73, lambda 189, rho 72, and tau 264. The plane tree of the epigram, pla/tanos, is almost certainly the Old World or Asiatic Plane, Platanus orientalis, whose range extends from Asia into Greece and the eastern Mediterranean; cf. Raven (24, 70).
[3] From the scholia to Aristophanes, Clouds 655, about to be quoted.
[4] Aristophanes, Clouds 655.
[5] From the scholia to Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 160, about to be quoted.
[6] Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 159-160 (copied here from alpha 1633).
References:
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: Hellenistic Epigrams, vol. I, (Cambridge 1965)
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: Hellenistic Epigrams, vol. II, (Cambridge 1965)
J.E. Raven, Plants and Plant Lore in Ancient Greece, (Oxford 2000)
Keywords: agriculture; botany; clothing; comedy; definition; ethics; meter and music; poetry; religion
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 28 August 1998@16:33:29.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (modified translation; added keywords; cosmetics) on 16 July 2001@09:09:20.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 7 October 2005@06:02:12.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 6 January 2012@08:01:32.
David Whitehead (x-ref) on 6 January 2012@08:05:59.
Ronald Allen (tweaked translation, expanded n.2, added bibliography, added cross-references, added keyword) on 8 November 2018@20:53:37.
Ronald Allen (better wording n.2) on 15 November 2018@18:19:23.

Headword: Agronomoi
Adler number: alpha,368
Translated headword: country-dwellers
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Those living in the country.[1]
"Singing cicada drunk on dewdrops, you celebrate the country-dwelling Muse who sings in solitude." In the Epigrams.[2]
Greek Original:
Agronomoi: hoi en agrois diagontes. êchêeis tettix droserais stagonesi methustheis, agronomon melpeis mousan erêmolalon. en Epigrammasi.
Notes:
[1] The headword is nominative plural masculine or feminine, but the glosses are unambiguously masculine. Up to this point the entry = an entry in the rhetorical lexicon of Eudemus (4b.47 Niese), Synagoge (Codex B) alpha195, Photius alpha270. Hesychius alpha825 has the same headword and gloss in the genitive case. The source for the lemma is unknown, though its presence in Eudemus suggests a rhetorical source. It occurs in Homer, Odyssey 6.106, but as a feminine adjective, and is accordingly given feminine glosses in the scholia.
[2] Greek Anthology 7.196.1-2 (Meleager [Author, Myth]), an invitation to a cicada to make music; cf. Gow and Page, vol. I (220) and vol. II (616-617). A further quotation from this epigram appears at kappa 2232. LaPenna theorized (93-112) that the rural setting and the singing cicada, among other thematic coincidences, showed that Meleager drew upon Plato, Phaedrus 229A-230C and 259 (web address 1) for inspiration. But there are also inconsistencies, such as the cicada's inebriation from drinking dewdrops, which appears to be novel in the epigram (Gow and Page, vol. II 616). Consequently, neither these authors (ibid.) nor Dorsey (138) were convinced by LaPenna's argument.
References:
Niese, B., ed. (1922) ”Excerpta ex Eudemi codice Parisino n. 2635," Philologus, suppl. 15.
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: Hellenistic Epigrams, vol. I, (Cambridge 1965)
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: Hellenistic Epigrams, vol. II, (Cambridge 1965)
A. LaPenna, "Marginalia et Hariolationes Philologae," Maia 5 (1952)
D.F. Dorsey, "The Cicada's Song in Anthologia Palatina vii. 196," Classical Review 20 (June 1970) 137-139
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: agriculture; daily life; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; food; imagery; meter and music; philosophy; poetry; rhetoric; zoology
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 28 August 1998@16:51:42.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented keywords; cosmetics) on 29 April 2002@09:57:11.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 7 October 2005@06:03:50.
Catharine Roth (augmented notes, raised status) on 23 May 2008@11:10:31.
David Whitehead (augmented n.1; another keyword) on 25 May 2008@06:49:49.
William Hutton (modified notes, typo, added keywords) on 22 July 2009@15:39:42.
David Whitehead (tweaked note; more keywords) on 8 January 2012@09:21:35.
William Hutton (updated reference) on 21 August 2013@10:12:23.
Ronald Allen (expanded n.2, added bibliography items, added keywords) on 26 December 2018@22:23:10.

Headword: Agurrios
Adler number: alpha,385
Translated headword: Agyrrhios, Agyrrhius
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
A proper name. [The man] who was slandered for weakness, that he actually breaks wind. Aristophanes in Plutus [says this]. And he was also ridiculed for over-boldness.[1]
Also [sc. attested is] Agyrrhios, an Athenian demagogue of some renown.[2]
Agyrrhios got away with having the beard of Pronomos.[3] The general Agyrrhios was effeminate.[4] He commanded in Lemnos,[5] and [he was the man] who curtailed the poets' fee.[6] But Pronomos was a piper with a great beard.[7]
Greek Original:
Agurrios: onoma kurion. hos epi malakiai diebeblêto hôs kai perdesthai auton. Aristophanês Ploutôi. ekômôideito de kai eis thrasutêta. kai Agurrios, dêmagôgos Athênaiôn ouk aphanês. Agurrios ton Pronomou pôgôn' echôn lelêthen. ho Agurrios stratêgos thêludriôdês, arxas en Lêmnôi, hos ton misthon tôn poiêtôn sunetemen. ho de Pronomos aulêtês ên megan pôgôna echôn.
Notes:
[1] From the scholia to Aristophanes, Plutus [Wealth] 176; cf. pi 1039. Aristophanes in fact writes that Agyrrhios' flatulence, and much else besides, was motivated by Wealth: *)agu/rrios d' ou)xi\ dia\ tou=ton [Wealth] pe/rdetai;
[2] Despite 'also' (which simply stems, here, from the incorporation of Harpokration s.v., commenting on Demosthenes 24.134), this is the same man, Agyrrhios of Kollytos (LGPN ii s.v. no.1). See generally Develin (1989) Index I no.44; Hansen (1989) p.34; P.J. Rhodes in OCD(4) s.v. (p.45).
[3] Aristophanes, Ecclesiazusae 102-3, with comment from the scholia there; cf. pi 2527.
[4] This adjective for effeminate derives from a word for 'hairdresser' and is also used for a type of kiss, and a type of melody. See kappa 912 (note 1), mu 134.
[5] For his generalship in 389/8 see Develin (1989) p.215. The demagogue Agyrrhios and the general here described are the same man; cf. already n.2.
[6] A measure not otherwise attested (amongst A's documented interest in fees: see the summary in Hansen (1989) p.34).
[7] For the Theban piper Pronomos see Geisau, RE XXIII, 748 (and pi 2527). He is depicted playing the double aulos on the so-called Pronomos krater (Web address 1).
References:
Develin, Robert: 1989: Athenian Officials 684-321 BC. Cambridge.
Hansen, Mogens Herman. 1989: "Rhetores and Strategoi in Fourth-Century Athens." In The Athenian Ecclesia II. Copenhagen. Pp. 25-72.
Stroud, Ronald S. 1998: The Athenian Tax Law of 374/3 B.C. Hesperia Supplement 29, Princeton NJ (American School of Classical Studies at Athens) See esp pp.18ff.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; comedy; definition; economics; gender and sexuality; history; medicine; military affairs; meter and music; poetry; politics; rhetoric
Translated by: Debra Hamel on 12 August 1999@20:03:15.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added headword; augmented bibliography; cosmetics) on 29 September 2000@08:02:15.
Robert Dyer (Added note 4 and reference to Pronomus in Aristophanes. Cosmetics.) on 29 January 2002@15:00:15.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 27 May 2004@04:54:54.
Catharine Roth (betacode cosmetics) on 17 August 2004@22:38:04.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 9 October 2005@11:09:41.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 27 November 2005@09:40:38.
David Whitehead (augmented n.2; another keyword; cosmetics) on 20 July 2011@04:55:36.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 30 July 2014@03:01:13.

Headword: Agurtês
Adler number: alpha,388
Translated headword: mendicant
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning a] beggar,[1] mountebank.
One who asks for more, greedy.[2]
Or a vulgar person. And it is also a throw with dice[3] and a Gallus[4] and a seer, as Apion [says].
In the Epigrams: "a certain beggar-priest of the Mother who had severed a genital vein".[5]
And elsewhere: "a deceitful beggar, who looked only for profit".[6]
And elsewhere: "for he was in fact a seer and enamoured of omens".[7]
Greek Original:
Agurtês: ptôchos, ochlagôgos. epaitês, philokerdês. ê surphetôdês. esti de kai bolos kubeutikos kai Gallos kai mantis, hôs Apiôn. en Epigrammasi: keiramenos gonimên tis apo phleba Mêtros agurtês. kai authis: dolion agurtên, hos en tois kerdesi monon dedorke. kai authis: ên gar autos agurtês tôi onti kai philomanteutês.
Notes:
See also alpha 389 (and cf. already alpha 387).
[1] From the scholia to Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus 388, where the accusative case of the headword occurs; quoted below.
[2] Same or similar glossing in other lexica; references at Photius alpha280 Theodoridis.
[3] cf. beta 369.
[4] A priest of Cybele (Kybele, a Phrygian goddess, equivalent to the Minoan goddess Rhea, cf. kappa 2586).
[5] Greek Anthology 6.218.1 (Alcaeus), the dedication of a eunuch priest of Cybele who escaped from a lion by beating his timbrels; cf. Gow and Page, vol. I (9) and vol. II (24-26) and further extracts from this epigram at gamma 158, theta 526, pi 952, pi 2954, tau 316, and omega 89.
[6] Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus 388-9 (Oedipus on Teiresias).
[7] 'Dam.', says Adler's note (= Damascius fr. 212 Zintzen); cf. alpha 389.
References:
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: Hellenistic Epigrams, vol. I, (Cambridge 1965)
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: Hellenistic Epigrams, vol. II, (Cambridge 1965)
Keywords: biography; daily life; definition; economics; ethics; gender and sexuality; medicine; meter and music; poetry; religion; tragedy; women; zoology
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 27 March 1999@18:07:24.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented notes; added keywords; cosmetics) on 17 July 2001@09:31:21.
David Whitehead (another keyword; cosmetics) on 28 November 2005@08:21:22.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 7 February 2011@10:02:13.
David Whitehead (augmented notes; another keyword; tweaks) on 9 January 2012@05:11:58.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 29 June 2012@00:50:46.
David Whitehead on 19 August 2013@04:47:23.
Ronald Allen (exanded n.5, added bibliography, added keywords) on 19 November 2018@23:50:28.
Ronald Allen ((spelling) expanded n.5) on 20 November 2018@00:34:45.
Ronald Allen (expanded n.4 and n.5, added cross-references) on 6 December 2018@12:31:45.

Headword: Aden
Adler number: alpha,433
Translated headword: pleased
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning he/she/it] sufficed.[1]
In Fables: "nor did the gleaming leopard please him, since he was filled with rage."[2]
Greek Original:
Aden: êresken. en Muthois: oude hoi oud' aithôn ade pordalis, houneka thumou empleiê.
Notes:
Adler notes in her addenda that this entry is out of alphabetical order.
[1] From the scholia to Homer, Iliad 12.80 (web address 1), where the headword occurs with a rough breathing, as would be expected for the aorist of a(nda/nw [alpha 2144] (from *swad-).
[2] The quotation is in dactylic hexameter; Crusius includes it in an appendix to his edition of Babrius, p. 217. See also pi 1920.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; meter and music; poetry; zoology
Translated by: William Hutton on 6 November 2000@15:53:20.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (augmented note) on 3 January 2002@21:55:31.
David Whitehead (added note and keyword; cosmetics) on 17 February 2003@06:10:22.
Catharine Roth (expanded note, added cross-reference and link) on 24 October 2011@18:07:52.
David Whitehead (more keywords; cosmetics; raised status) on 25 October 2011@06:18:43.
David Whitehead (another note) on 17 January 2014@06:43:11.
David Whitehead (x-ref; cosmetics) on 14 April 2015@11:16:29.

Headword: Adeia
Adler number: alpha,447
Translated headword: impunity
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] relaxation, lack of fear.[1]
Josephus [writes]: "when the conspirators saw the Romans they initiated a wicked agreement and asked one another: why should they stay there? Why on earth should they endure three walls built up to encroach on their breathing and with the war making war on itself with impunity?"[2]
Greek Original:
Adeia: anesis, aphobia. Iôsêpos: hoi de stasiastai tous Rhômaious horôntes kakês homonoias katêrchonto, kai logon allêlois edidosan, ti menoien; ti pathontes aneschointo tria tais anapnoais autôn anaphrassomena teichê kai tou polemou met' adeias antipolemizontos heauton.
Notes:
[1] See also alpha 448.
[2] An approximation -- the final participle should be a)ntipoli/zontos, "building itself up as an opposing city" -- of Josephus, Jewish War 5.72-3 (web address 1 below); cf. pi 1884.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; ethics; historiography; history; imagery; military affairs
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 18 March 2001@19:07:20.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added note and keywords; cosmetics) on 30 April 2002@06:45:19.
David Whitehead (augmented note) on 30 April 2002@06:48:22.
Jennifer Benedict (updated Perseus link) on 12 March 2008@00:01:47.
David Whitehead (another keyword; tweaks) on 10 January 2012@06:37:43.
David Whitehead on 26 August 2012@05:09:06.
Catharine Roth (upgraded link) on 26 August 2012@08:26:55.
David Whitehead (another keyword; cosmetics) on 19 April 2015@10:32:16.

Headword: Aideis hôsper eis Dêlon pleôn
Adler number: alpha,455
Translated headword: you sing as if sailing into Delos
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
In reference to someone carefree and enjoying himself.
Greek Original:
Aideis hôsper eis Dêlon pleôn: epi tou aphrontistou kai philêdountos.
Notes:
Zenobius 2.37 and other paroemiographers. (For another proverb about singing see alpha 1399.)
The tiny Aegean island of Delos was held to be the birthplace of Apollo and Artemis, and for that and allied reasons was a major cult-centre (see delta 408, and generally OCD(4) pp.426-7); consequently those sailing there were often singing hymns and could be assumed to be in high spirits generally.
Keywords: daily life; geography; meter and music; proverbs; religion
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 16 March 2001@17:14:36.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added note and keywords) on 17 March 2001@05:40:14.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 13 August 2006@08:51:49.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 10 January 2012@07:28:12.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 30 July 2014@03:04:00.

Headword: Admêtou melos kai Harmodiou
Adler number: alpha,493
Translated headword: Admetos' song and Harmodios'
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[A proverbial phrase] in reference to things which are easy and simple: for drinking-songs were said to be of this kind.
Greek Original:
Admêtou melos kai Harmodiou: epi tôn rhaidiôn kai eukolôn: toiauta gar kai ta skolia legomena.
Notes:
cf. Diogenianus 2.68 (and other paroemiographers), where it is clearer than it is here that no single song encompassing both these individuals is meant.
"Skolia" were songs sung in turn by guests at a banquet, when their poetical talents might be affected by drink. Harmodios was a regular subject of these songs: see alpha 3975. For Admetos see alpha 492.
Keywords: biography; daily life; food; meter and music; mythology; poetry; proverbs; tragedy
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 23 October 1999@21:29:33.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (Altered wording; added note and keywords; changed status.) on 21 August 2000@01:36:44.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords) on 17 February 2003@07:57:30.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks) on 11 January 2012@05:49:13.
David Whitehead on 25 April 2015@10:41:54.

Headword: Addô
Adler number: alpha,511
Translated headword: Addo
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
A proper name.[1]
But a)/|dw [is] a verb, with dative.[2]
Greek Original:
Addô: onoma kurion. Aidô de rhêma, dotikêi.
Notes:
[1] That of (principally) a minor Old Testament prophet; also attested as Iddo and Eido.
[2] Meaning I sing (to): contracted from a)ei/dw (cf. alpha 612).
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; meter and music; religion
Translated by: Sean M. Redmond on 22 October 1999@12:31:23.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (supplied headword; modified translation; added notes and keywords) on 30 April 2002@10:08:42.
David Whitehead (betacoding and other cosmetics) on 14 August 2006@08:18:43.
David Whitehead (expanded n.1) on 1 August 2011@08:52:45.
Catharine Roth (betacode typo, note tweak) on 26 April 2015@23:29:02.
Catharine Roth (cross-reference) on 26 April 2015@23:44:25.

Headword: Adôn tên spithamên tou biou pros anêthon
Adler number: alpha,518
Translated headword: singing of the span of life to a dill-plant
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
In reference to parsimonious and mean-spirited men.
Greek Original:
Adôn tên spithamên tou biou pros anêthon: epi tôn glischrôn kai mikropsuchôn.
Note:
The phrase 'span of life' appears as, seemingly, proverbial in its own right in some of the paroemiographers (with a gloss like the one at sigma 942), but as a whole this proverb-like headword has no parallel.
Keywords: botany; daily life; ethics; meter and music; proverbs
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 20 March 2001@15:11:30.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (modified headword, translation, keywords) on 21 March 2001@03:13:48.
David Whitehead (note; more keywords) on 25 May 2008@09:21:00.
David Whitehead (expanded note; cosmetics) on 24 June 2011@07:49:18.
David Whitehead on 11 January 2012@08:09:15.

Headword: Aergêlê
Adler number: alpha,557
Translated headword: non-working
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] idle,[1] non-functioning.
In the Epigrams: "tired from trembling old age [Daphnis the piper] with his non-working hand dedicates this staff [to Pan]."[2]
Greek Original:
Aergêlê: argê, apraktos. en Epigrammasi: tromerôi gêraï kamnôn cheiros aergêlas anethêke korunan.
Notes:
Same entry in ps.-Zonaras. The headword is feminine nominative singular of the epic/poetic adjective a)erghlo/s, perhaps (though not demonstrably) generated by the feminine genitive singular a)erghla=s in the quotation given.
[1] cf. Hesychius' glossing of a)erghlo/n with a)rgo/n.
[2] An abbreviation of Greek Anthology 6.73.1-3 (Makedonios); cf. Madden (183-185). See another extract from this epigram at sigma 466.
Reference:
J.A. Madden, Macedonius Consul: The Epigrams, (Hildesheim 1995)
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; medicine; meter and music; poetry; religion
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 10 April 2000@08:53:10.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (Modified translation.) on 23 January 2001@22:48:12.
Catharine Roth (Added link.) on 25 January 2001@17:49:15.
David Whitehead (added keyword; cosmetics) on 10 June 2003@05:30:11.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks) on 12 January 2012@04:34:03.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 13 January 2012@00:31:12.
David Whitehead on 27 April 2015@11:18:30.
Ronald Allen (expanded n.2, added bibliography, added cross-reference) on 16 August 2023@23:05:45.

Headword: Aeroen
Adler number: alpha,562
Translated headword: airy, cloudy, murky
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] great.
Greek Original:
Aeroen: to mega.
Notes:
Same entry in ps.-Zonaras; longer one in Hesychius, who gives two other synonyms before the present one (me/lan, baqu/).
An oddity; possibly a gloss on the occurrence of the neuter singular headword in a writer using the Doric dialect. (The epic form is h)ero/en; cf. eta 126.)
In extant Greek the only possibility is Telestes [tau 265] fr. 1c.2 (= Page, PMG 805 = Athenaeus, Deipnosophists 14.617A [14.7 Kaibel]), where the headword is an emendation, for the transmitted a)erqe/n, by Bergk; it qualifies "breath" (in context of aulos-playing).
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; meter and music; poetry
Translated by: Frederick Williams on 27 October 1999@06:01:58.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (Augmented note, added keyword.) on 27 September 2000@02:22:03.
Catharine Roth (cosmetics, keyword) on 1 May 2002@19:05:06.
David Whitehead (more headword options; expanded note; more keywords; cosmetics) on 12 January 2012@04:55:21.
David Whitehead (typo) on 9 February 2013@08:39:33.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 13 January 2015@23:44:39.
David Whitehead (tweaked a ref) on 14 January 2015@03:24:38.

Headword: Aeikêlion
Adler number: alpha,624
Translated headword: unsuitable, shameful
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] that which is indecorous.
Greek Original:
Aeikêlion: to aprepes.
Notes:
Same entry, according to Adler, in the Ambrosian Lexicon.
The headword -- neuter nominative/accusative singular -- is apparently a conflation of a)eike/lios (see alpha 620) and a)ekh/lios (see alpha 543), which are metrically convenient variants of a poetic form of a)eikh/s. Unlike the other two, this form could not have been used in hexameter verse.
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; meter and music; poetry
Translated by: Catharine Roth on 19 October 2000@20:35:14.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 9 May 2002@05:43:46.
David Whitehead (another note; more keywords; cosmetics) on 12 January 2012@09:10:44.
Catharine Roth (typo, betacode) on 15 January 2012@01:53:33.
David Whitehead on 30 April 2015@10:35:38.

Headword: Aêdoneios ôidê kai Aêdoneion melos
Adler number: alpha,650
Translated headword: nightingale's song and nightingale's strain
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[no gloss]
Greek Original:
Aêdoneios ôidê kai Aêdoneion melos.
Notes:
The adjective here is derived from a)hdw/n, "nightingale" (alpha 651). The first phrase, according to Adler, is also in the Ambrosian Lexicon.
If these two phrases -- cf. generically alpha 569 -- are quotations, they are unidentifiable (albeit comparable with ones, in tragedy and comedy, which use different nouns).
Keywords: comedy; meter and music; tragedy; zoology
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 16 March 2001@08:05:01.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (modified headword; added note; cosmetics) on 10 May 2002@06:45:47.
David Whitehead (expanded note; more keywords; cosmetics) on 13 January 2012@03:34:02.
David Whitehead on 1 May 2015@04:31:09.

Headword: Aêmai
Adler number: alpha,656
Translated headword: I swing, I hang (?)
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[sc. The word occurs] in the Epigrams: "a shield from the mortal shoulders of Timanor, I swing beneath the roof in the temple of Pallas."[1]
Meaning I am dedicated.
Greek Original:
Aêmai: en Epigrammasin: aspis apo broteôn ômôn Timanôros aêmai nêôi huporrophias Pallados. anti tou anakeimai.
Note:
[1] Greek Anthology 6.124.1-2 (Hegesippus), the dedication of a shield to Athena; again at alpha 1281 and tau 594; cf. Gow and Page, vol. I (104) and vol. II (299); cf. a further excerpt from this epigram at kappa 1254. The verb at the end of line 1 (here appearing as the headword) is twice (here and in tau 594) given as a)/hmai. Gow and Page follow (vol. I, 104) the Anthologia Planudea in reading h(=mai "I sit, I am located" and *tima/noros with an omicron, but note that both the Suda and the Anthologia Palatina transmit the unmetrical *tima/nwros a)/hmai.
References:
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: Hellenistic Epigrams, vol. I, (Cambridge 1965)
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: Hellenistic Epigrams, vol. II, (Cambridge 1965)
Keywords: architecture; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; imagery; military affairs; meter and music; poetry; religion
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 16 March 2001@22:22:46.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented and modified note; added keywords; cosmetics) on 17 March 2001@07:08:14.
David Whitehead (more keywords; tweaks) on 13 January 2012@04:56:41.
Catharine Roth (cosmetics) on 17 January 2012@00:58:09.
Ronald Allen (expanded n.1, added bibliography, added cross-reference) on 28 December 2018@02:52:04.
Catharine Roth (tweaked note) on 28 December 2018@12:24:06.
Catharine Roth (tweak instigated by Ron Allen) on 28 December 2018@13:06:54.
Catharine Roth (tweaked headword and note) on 28 December 2018@13:14:47.
Ronald Allen (further expanded n.1) on 30 December 2018@13:09:47.
Ronald Allen (my beta code typo and tweak n.1) on 30 December 2018@16:28:31.
Catharine Roth (further tweaks, after discussion with Ronald Allen) on 31 December 2018@00:56:40.

Headword: Aïtia
Adler number: alpha,698
Translated headword: aitia
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] the gut/note/sausage/string.
Greek Original:
Aïtia: hê chordê.
Note:
Same entry, according to Adler, in the Ambrosian Lexicon. This headword a)i+ti/a (not in LSJ) is attested only in lexicography, and is of uncertain meaning, given the range of senses of the glossing noun (chi 396). (The Etymologicum Gudianum entry further complicates matters by beginning the gloss with 'And'.)
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; food; meter and music; trade and manufacture
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 15 February 2000@21:46:43.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added note; cosmetics) on 14 May 2002@04:40:10.
David Whitehead (augmented note and keywords) on 16 January 2012@09:50:40.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticule) on 16 January 2012@11:16:34.
David Whitehead on 1 May 2015@07:54:01.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 1 May 2015@23:16:07.

Headword: Athênodôros
Adler number: alpha,735
Translated headword: Athenodoros, Athenodorus
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Stoic philosopher, of the time of the Roman emperor Octavian. Under Octavian there was every reason for unbridled excess of power to be a universal misfortune, but the aforementioned Athenodoros persuaded him away from that with his advice. Then Tiberius succeeded to the principate.[1] For at that time the flatterers that had gained esteem through gifts and honors from the emperor had entered into the highest offices, but those who were seemly and modest and who did not choose the same lifestyle as those men were, as one might imagine, in an uproar, since they did not enjoy the same [honors]. Thus from this point on the cities were filled with revolts and disturbances, and the fact that the government had been turned over to officials who could not resist profit made life grievous and painful for the better class of people in peacetime and undermined their determination in times of war. In those times also pantomime dancing was introduced for the first time,[2] and many other things happened which were the cause of great evils.
Everything was leading Athenodoros toward philosophy, both the inclinations of his nature and the inclinations of his prudent predilection, when Proclus was alive. And he explained things clearly to his students. Sallustius, amazed at him, said with regard to his zeal that "like indeed to a fire the man seems to ignite the things around him." Nevertheless he encouraged Athenodoros not to practice philosophy.
Greek Original:
Athênodôros: Stôïkos philosophos, epi Oktaouïanou basileôs Rhômaiôn: eph' hou pasa anankê koinon einai dustuchêma tên tou kratous alogon exousian, ex hou dê malista tais Athênodôrou toutou sumbouliais epeisthê. kai diadechetai Tiberios tên basileian. tote gar hoi kolakes para tou basileôs dôreôn kai timôn axioumenoi megistôn archôn epebainon, hoi te epieikeis kai apragmones mê ton auton ekeinois hairoumenoi bion eikotôs eschetliazon, ou tôn autôn apolauontes. hôste ek toutou tas men poleis staseôn plêrousthai kai tarachôn ta de politika kerdous hêttosin archousin ekdidomena, ton men en eirênêi bion lupêron kai odunêron tois chariesterois epoioun, tên de en tois polemois prothumian exeluon. kata de tous kairous ekeinous kai hê pantomimos orchêsis eisêchthê oupô proteron ousa: kai proseti ge hetera pollôn kakôn aitia gegonota. hoti tôi Athênodôrôi panta pareskeuasto pros philosophian ta te apo tês phuseôs kai ta apo tês epieikous proaireseôs, hote Proklos ezê. kai diaphanôs exêgeito tois plêsiazousin. hon ho Saloustios thaumazôn epi spoudês elegen, hoti puri ara eôikei ho anthrôpos exaptonti panta ta parakeimena. all' homôs epeisen Athênodôron mê philosophêsai.
Notes:
The entry seems to confuse at least two Athenodoroi. Paragraph 1 (from Zosimus 1.5.3-6.2) concerns Athenodorus of Tarsus, the well-known Stoic advisor of Augustus, on whom see generally OCD(4) s.v., p.195. Paragraph 2 (= Damascius fr. 145 Zintzen, 88 Asmus) is about a contemporary of the Neoplatonist Proclus.
[1] tau 551, tau 552.
[2] cf. omicron 671.
Reference:
Banchich, T.M. "Eunapius, Eustathius, and the Suda." AJP 109 (1988) 223-225
Keywords: biography; chronology; daily life; economics; ethics; history; imagery; military affairs; meter and music; philosophy; politics
Translated by: William Hutton on 3 April 2001@22:36:10.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented note and keywords; cosmetics) on 20 May 2002@09:13:47.
David Whitehead (more keywords) on 28 November 2005@08:22:25.
David Whitehead (more x-refs; cosmetics) on 20 January 2012@04:24:27.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 30 July 2014@03:36:38.
David Whitehead (more keywords) on 1 May 2015@10:38:03.
Catharine Roth (added bibliography) on 27 January 2016@22:47:15.

Headword: Athruptos
Adler number: alpha,764
Translated headword: unbroken
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] manly, not slacking, nor softening, nor becoming flaccid.[1]
Damascius [writes]: "the life-style they allotted themselves was measured and unbroken, neither wrong-doing on account of poverty nor slacking on account of wealth, but moderate and harmonious and in the Dorian mode as truly tuned".[2]
Greek Original:
Athruptos: andrôdês, mê blakeuousa, mêde malakizomenê, mêde chaunoumenê. Damaskios: tên de trophên eklêrôsanto metrian tina kai athrupton, oute kakourgousan dia penian, oute dia plouton blakeuousan, alla mesên kai mousikên kai ton Dôrion tropon hôs alêthôs hêrmosmenên.
Notes:
Likewise in ps.-Zonaras. The headword is the masculine/feminine nominative singular (here feminine: see next note) of the two-termination adjective a)/qruptos; cf. theta 519, theta 520, theta 521.
[1] The second, third and fourth of these glosses show that the headword itself is feminine, as in the quotation given; cf. theta 519.
[2] Damascius, Life of Isidore fr. 98 Zintzen (50 Asmus); again at delta 1461. On the Dorian mode "perceived as dignified and manly" see M.L. West, Ancient Greek Music (Oxford 1992) 179-80.
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; economics; ethics; imagery; meter and music; philosophy
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 23 December 1999@03:04:53.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (modified headword and translation; added note and keyword) on 25 January 2001@08:44:02.
David Whitehead (augmented note) on 25 January 2001@08:47:44.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 23 May 2002@05:26:06.
David Whitehead (augmented note) on 23 May 2002@05:28:52.
David Whitehead (more keywords) on 4 December 2005@08:35:18.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 22 January 2012@06:06:31.
Catharine Roth (more keywords) on 25 January 2012@01:18:06.
David Whitehead (another x-ref) on 19 January 2014@07:28:21.
Catharine Roth (tweaked note) on 19 January 2014@18:40:18.
David Whitehead (added primary note) on 3 May 2015@03:46:50.

Headword: Akalêphê
Adler number: alpha,788
Translated headword: stinging nettle, sea-anemone
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning a] nettle, both the terrestrial [kind] and the maritime [kind] which is like a mollusc shell.
Aristophanes in Phoenician Women [writes]: "probably, of course, the first of all plants to grow were the rugged stinging-nettles".[1] Pherekrates in Deserters [writes]: "by Demeter, it was annoying to hear him singing so badly. For I would prefer to be crowned with stinging-nettles for the same length of time".[2] As to the maritime nettles, Aristotle [mentions] them in the first [book] of Concerning Animals and [so does] Theophrastus in the seventh [book] of Plants.[3]
Greek Original:
Akalêphê: knidê kai hê chersaia kai hê thalattia, hêtis esti konchulidion ti. Aristophanês Phoinissais: eikos dêpou prôton hapantôn phua phunai kai tas kranaas akalêphas. Pherekratês Automolois: nê tên Dêmêtr' aniaron ên to kakôs aidontos akouein. bouloimên gar kan akalêphais ton ison chronon estephanôsthai. tas de thalattias kai Aristotelês akalêphas en tôi prôtôi Peri zôiôn kai Theophrastos en hebdomôi Phutikôn.
Notes:
Same entry in Photius and elsewhere; cf. already alpha 787, and again kappa 2320.
[1] Aristophanes fr. 560 Kock, now 572 K.-A.
[2] Pherekrates fr. 24 Kock, now 29 K.-A.
[3] Aristotle, History of Animals 487a25; Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 7.7.2.
Keywords: botany; comedy; definition; geography; imagery; meter and music; zoology
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 3 February 2000@00:19:15.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (modified translation; added notes; cosmetics) on 18 January 2001@06:33:55.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 22 January 2012@09:42:20.
David Whitehead (another x-ref) on 19 January 2014@07:35:41.
Catharine Roth (expanded abbreviations) on 24 November 2014@19:44:34.
Catharine Roth (tweak) on 25 November 2014@23:10:48.
David Whitehead on 22 December 2014@08:55:43.
David Whitehead on 24 December 2014@10:34:07.
David Whitehead on 3 May 2015@10:30:58.

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