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Headword: *)orei/xalkos
Adler number: omicron,554
Translated headword: mountain-bronze
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] bronze that is radiant.[1]
The excellent [kind].
"Having hollowed out a trunk of a pine tree, they fit mountain-bronze bells into it."[2]
In the Epigrams: "these chattering cymbals of mountian-bronze and a perfumed lock of hair he [Gallus, priest of Rhea] dedicates."[3]
Also [sc. attested is the phrase] 'mountain-bronze stele'.[4]
Greek Original:
*)orei/xalkos: o( diaugh\s xalko/s. o( do/kimos. fitro\n e)la/ths koila/nantes e)narmo/zousin ei)s au)to\n kw/dwnas o)reixa/lkous. e)n *)epigra/mmasi: tau=t' o)reixa/lkou la/la ku/mbala kai\ muro/enta bo/struxon qh/kato. kai\ *)orei/xalkos sth/lh.
Notes:
The headword is a masculine noun (but also serving an adjectival usage here) in the nominative singular; see LSJ s.v. The word is evidently a compound of o)/ros (mountain) and xalko/s (bronze), but it was misinterpreted by the Romans to be aurichalcum, or gold-bronze; see OED s.v. aurichalcite. There is in fact no gold component; the mineral is a cuprous hydrozincite (Dana et al., p. 712).
[1] The headword is identically glossed in the Synagoge, Lexica Segueriana 320.5, and Photius' Lexicon (omicron453 Theodoridis, with other references there). Adler also cites the unpublished Ambrosian Lexicon (424).
[2] Quotation (again at tau 1164) unidentifiable.
[3] Greek Anthology 6.234.5-6 (Gow and Page, vol. I, pp. 250-1), attributed to Erucius. A Gallus (Gallos) was a priest of Rhea, the Minoan goddess equivalent to the Phrygian Kybele (Cybele), and the sister of Cronus. See OCD(4) s.v. Cronus; gamma 41; and Gow and Page, vol. II, pp. 285-6.
[4] The phrase is not otherwise attested in this precise form, but surely derives from Plato, Critias 119C: the laws of Poseidon are inscribed e)n sth/lh| ... o)reixalki/nh| in his temple at the center of the island of Atlantis (web address 1).
References:
J.D. Dana, G.J. Brush, E.S. Dana, A System of Mineralogy, 5th ed., New York: Wiley & Son, 1869
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, The Greek Anthology: The Garland of Philip, vol. I, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, The Greek Anthology: The Garland of Philip, vol. II, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; imagery; law; meter and music; mythology; philosophy; poetry; religion; science and technology; trade and manufacture
Translated by: Ronald Allen on 12 April 2010@02:01:41.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (another keyword; tweaks and cosmetics) on 12 April 2010@03:40:01.
Catharine Roth (coding, upgraded link) on 8 July 2013@23:24:19.
David Whitehead on 9 July 2013@03:26:31.
David Whitehead on 6 August 2014@03:20:19.
David Whitehead (codings) on 20 May 2016@03:59:21.
Catharine Roth (tweaked link) on 6 February 2021@17:12:05.
Ronald Allen (tweak n.3) on 27 October 2022@11:38:56.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 2 March 2023@00:54:04.

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