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Headword: *gumnh=tai
Adler number: gamma,482
Translated headword: light-armed [troops]
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
The nominative [singular is] gumnh/ths,[1] and [the plural] gumnh=tai.[2]
[It means a] troop of infantrymen.
Xenophon [writes]: "Cheirisophos commanded the expedition taking the [manpower] around him, all the light-armed; for there seemed to be no danger."[3]
Also [sc. attested is] gumnh/ths, [meaning] he who has been stripped bare.
"[...] who once eked out a stripped-down [gumnh/thn] life in a masculine spirit."[4]
Another way to say it is gumnh/s, [genitive] gumnh=tos, [meaning] of a hoplite.[5]
And elsewhere: "light-armed men also followed, about 400 of them who had been selected in order to build roads in the inaccessible places."[6]
Greek Original:
*gumnh=tai. h( eu)qei=a o( gumnh/ths, kai\ oi( gumnh=tai. ta/cis pezw=n. *cenofw=n: o( de\ *xeiri/sofos h(gei=to tou= strateu/matos labw\n to\ a)mf' au(to\n, tou\s gumnh/tas a(/pantas: ou)dei\s ga\r ki/ndunos e)do/kei ei)=nai. kai\ *gumnh/ths, o( gegumnwme/nos. o(/s pote qumw=| a)/rseni gumnh/thn e)cepo/nei bi/oton. le/getai kai\ *gumnh/s, gumnh=tos, o(pli/tou. kai\ au)=qis: ei(/ponto de\ kai\ gumnh=tes e)s u# a)pokekrime/noi w(s o(dopoiei=n ta\ a)/bata.
Notes:
[1] The headword is in the nominative plural (a form that is about to be repeated). The word literally means 'one who goes nude'.
[2] This first sentence is omitted by mss FV (so Adler) and is absent in the derivative entry in ps.-Zonaras (457).
[3] Xenophon, Anabasis 4.1.6, here highly abridged (web address 1).
[4] Greek Anthology 7.65.1-2.
[5] An apparent absurdity, since a hoplite is by definition heavily armed and armored (omicron 466). The Lexicon Ambrosianum, Adler reports, reads a)/oplos ('unarmored') here. Jonathan Toup suggested ou)x o(pli/tou ('not a hoplite').
[6] Quotation (transmitted, in Adler's view, via the Excerpta Constantini Porphyrogeniti) unidentifiable.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: athletics; biography; clothing; daily life; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; geography; historiography; history; imagery; military affairs; poetry; science and technology
Translated by: William Hutton on 12 July 2003@08:44:28.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (modified and supplemented translation; added x-ref; cosmetics) on 13 July 2003@05:28:54.
David Whitehead (more keywords; tweaks) on 7 March 2011@04:54:00.
David Whitehead (more keywords; cosmetics) on 12 June 2012@03:38:24.
Catharine Roth (upgraded link) on 20 October 2012@01:17:19.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 30 September 2015@03:27:56.

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