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Headword: *)ekbakxeuqei/s
Adler number: epsilon,374
Translated headword: frenzied
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning he who was] driven mad.[1]
"Frenzied, Valens[2] announced a massed expedition against the enemy."[3]
Greek Original:
*)ekbakxeuqei/s: e)kmanei/s. o( de\ *ou)a/lhs e)kbakxeuqei\s e)pi\ tou\s polemi/ous a)qro/an parh/ggeilen e)/codon.
Notes:
The headword, perhaps (though not demonstrably) extracted from the quotation given, is aorist passive participle, masculine nominative singular, of the verb e)kbakxeu/w. (For the use of this verb, which literally means to drive into a Bacchic frenzy, see e.g. Euripides, Bacchae 1296 (web address 1); and cf. beta 53, beta 54.). For the phenomenon of bakcheia in general, see Ustinova 2018: 169-216.
[1] Same glossing (i.e. by the corresponding participle of the verb e)kmai/nw) in other lexica, and cf. the scholia to Plato, Republic 561A. For the use of the verb in association with Bacchus, see Euripides, Bacchae 36 (web address 2). For a discussion of the concept of mani/a in Ancient Greek literature, see chapter 3 ("The Blessings of Madness") of Dodds, below.
[2] Roman Emperor of Pannonian descent (b. 328, emperor 364-378); see omicron 764 with notes and references.
[3] Quoted from an unidentifiable historical narrative (but attributed to Eunapius by Tittmann [Blockley, Eunapius fr. 44.[5]]), this probably refers to the Battle of Adrianople on August 9, 378; the Roman army under Valens was defeated by the Goths and the emperor himself was killed. For an account of the battle, see Ammianus Marcellinus, Historiae 31.12-13.
References:
Blockley, R.C. The Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire: Eunapius, Olympiodorus, Priscus and Malchus. Vol. II. Liverpool: Francis Cairns, 1983.
Dodds E.R., The Greeks and the Irrational, Berkeley 1951.
Ustinova Y. Divine Mania: Alteration of Consciousness in Ancient Greece, London/New York 2018.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; historiography; history; imagery; medicine; military affairs; philosophy; religion; tragedy
Translated by: Ioannis Doukas on 7 March 2007@19:48:16.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (modified headword and tr; augmented notes and keywords) on 8 March 2007@03:16:10.
David Whitehead (tweaking) on 1 August 2012@09:58:37.
Catharine Roth (upgraded links) on 2 August 2012@11:48:33.
Aaron Baker (Modified translation, added Blockley cite.) on 1 June 2015@22:07:36.
David Whitehead (tweaks and cosmetics) on 8 December 2015@03:28:17.
Ioannis Doukas (added cite) on 25 August 2019@22:51:15.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 26 August 2019@01:23:34.

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