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Headword: *)akhdh/s
Adler number: alpha,860
Translated headword: uncared-for, uncaring
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning one who/which is] unburied, neglected.[1]
"The Romans could not stand seeing their own enemies uncared-for."[2]
Also [sc. attested is the adverb] a)khdw=s ["in uncared-for fashion"], meaning in unburied fashion.
"Seeing a body of a shipwrecked man lying in uncared-for and neglected fashion, he did not dare to pass, but he buried the dead man, in humane fashion, hiding a sight not at all welcome to the sun."[3]
*)akhdh/s is also used in the Mythica [Fables]: "a bitter (soul?) [is changed?] into wolves, but an uncaring into goats."[4]
And elsewhere: "he broke open the tomb, without care for the burial and pitilessly, and from these stones set up a tower. Thence the city was captured."[5]
Greek Original:
*)akhdh/s: a)/tafos, a)melh/s. oi( de\ *(rwmai=oi tou\s e(autw=n polemi/ous a)khdei=s ou)x u(pe/meinan paridei=n. kai\ *)akhdw=s, a)nti\ tou= a)ta/fws. i)dw\n nauhgou= sw=ma e)rrimme/non a)khdw=s kai\ o)ligw/rws parelqei=n ou)k e)to/lmhsen, a)lla\ e)/qaye to\n teqnew=ta, qe/ama tw=| h(li/w| ou)damh=| fi/lon a)pokru/ptwn a)nqrwpi/nw| qesmw=|. le/getai kai\ *)akhdh\s e)n *muqikoi=s: pikrh\ me/n te lu/kois, au)ta\r xima/roisin a)khdh/s. kai\ au)=qis: dialu/ei to\n ta/fon a)khdw=s kai\ a)noi/ktws kai\ a)po\ tw=nde tw=n li/qwn a)ni/sthsi pu/rgon. e)kei=qen e(a/lw h( po/lis.
Notes:
For the twin senses of the headword a)khdh/s glossed and illustrated here, see generally LSJ s.v.
[1] Similar glossing in Photius and elsewhere.
[2] Quotation (also in ps.-Zonaras) unidentifiable.
[3] Aelian fr. 241b Domingo-Forasté (242 Hercher). [Adler reports that ms. M reads the first person singular e)to/lmhsa ("I did not dare") but no corresponding variant for e)/qaye).]
[4] Quotation unidentifiable. We know of several lost books called Mythica, but none in hexameter verse, as this quotation is (Crusius includes it in an appendix to his edition of Babrius, p.216). It appears to belong to the theory of transmigration of souls, and may belong to the body of Orphic or even Pythagorean literature. George the Monk tells us that "bitter (acid, overcritical)" souls were, under this theory, changed into wolves in reincarnation (Chronicon breve 11.784.17). Lachmann would emend pikrh\ to pikroi\ and a)khdh/s to a)khdei=s, making both subjects plural.
[5] Part of Aelian fr. 63 Hercher (66 Domingo-Forasté). It refers to a capture of Syracuse by Phoenix [Author, Myth] of Acragas, but confuses historical facts (see sigma 441; cf. Callimachus fr. 64 Pfeiffer). The allusion is to the desecration of the tomb of the poet Simonides of Ceos, who was buried at Acragas; it must refer to a desecration by the Phoenician Carthaginians in the process of sacking Acragas in 406 BC.
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; geography; historiography; history; imagery; military affairs; meter and music; philosophy; poetry; politics; religion; zoology
Translated by: Robert Dyer on 9 June 2000@09:08:50.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (Added keyword.) on 19 August 2000@01:44:38.
Catharine Roth (augmented note) on 20 September 2001@17:44:48.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 30 May 2002@04:15:29.
David Whitehead (introductory note; more keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 10 April 2009@07:30:00.
David Whitehead (tweaks and cosmetics) on 24 January 2012@06:40:05.
Catharine Roth (tweaked note 3) on 26 January 2012@17:50:45.
David Whitehead (further tweaking of it) on 27 January 2012@03:48:50.
Catharine Roth (tweaked betacode) on 28 January 2012@00:22:42.
Catharine Roth (expanded note 4) on 10 May 2012@01:09:10.
Catharine Roth (cosmetics) on 11 November 2014@17:09:49.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 9 May 2015@10:08:11.
David Whitehead on 11 May 2015@03:10:09.

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