Suda On Line
Search
|
Search results for pi,3120 in Adler number:
Headword:
*puqago/ras
Adler number: pi,3120
Translated headword: Pythagoras
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [
Pythagoras] of
Samos, but Tyrrhenian [Etruscan] by descent; son of Mnesarchus[1] an engraver of gems. When he was young he migrated with his father from Tyrrhenian territory to
Samos. This man was taught first by
Pherecydes of
Syros[2] on
Samos, then also on
Samos by Hermodamas, who was a descendant of Kreophylos.[3] Then [he was taught by] Abaris the Hyperborean[4] and Zares the mage. After being educated by Egyptians and Chaldeans he came to
Samos. Finding it subject to the tyranny of Polykrates[5] he moved to Kroton in Italy.[6] He established a school and had more than 600 disciples. He also had two brothers, the elder Eunomos, the middle one Tyrrhenos. He had a slave Zamolxis[7] to whom the Getae sacrifice as to Kronos. He married
Theano[8] the daughter of Brotinos the Krotoniate. With her he had two children, Telauges[9] and
Damon (or as some say Mnesarchus); according to some he also had a daughter Muia[10] by name; according to others also Arignote.[11]
Pythagoras wrote only three books:
On Education,
On Statesmanship:[12] but the third attributed to
Pythagoras is by
Lysis of
Tarentum, who became his disciple and fled to
Thebes and taught Epaminondas.[13] But some attribute to him also the
Golden verses.
Pythagoras was the first to teach abstention from animal food and beans.[14]
Pythagoras died in this manner: as he was sitting with his friends in the house of Melon, it happened that the house was set on fire out of spite by one of those who had not been found worthy of admission. But some say that the Krotoniates themselves did this, suspecting an attempt at tyranny.
Pythagoras was caught trying to escape: coming to a certain field full of beans, when he was trying to escape, he stopped there, saying that he would be captured rather than to tread on [them], and to be killed was better than to speak: and thus he was slain by the pursuers. In this way also most of his companions were murdered, about 40 of them.[15]
*puqago/ras, *sa/mios, fu/sei de\ *turrhno/s, *mnhsa/rxou ui(o\s daktulioglu/fou. ne/os de\ w)\n su\n tw=| patri\ e)k *turrhni/as w)/|khsen ei)s *sa/mon. ou(=tos h)/kouse prw=tos *fereku/dou tou= *suri/ou e)n *sa/mw|, ei)=ta *(ermoda/mantos e)n th=| au)th=| *sa/mw|, o(\s h)=n a)po/gonos *kreofu/lou, ei)=ta *)aba/ridos tou= *(uperbore/ou kai\ *za/rhtos tou= ma/gou: paideuqei\s de\ kai\ par' *ai)gupti/ois kai\ *xaldai/ois h)=lqen ei)s *sa/mon kai\ eu(rw\n au)th\n turannoume/nhn u(po\ *polukra/tous a)ph=|ren ei)s *kro/twna th=s *)itali/as kai\ sxolh\n susthsa/menos plei=on h)\ x# e)/sxe gnwri/mous. h)=san de\ au)tw=| kai\ a)delfoi\ du/o, presbu/teros me\n *eu)/nomos, me/sos de\ *turrhno/s. dou=los de\ h)=n au)tw=| *za/molcis, w(=| *ge/tai w(s *kro/nw| qu/ousi. gameth\n d' e)poih/sato *qeanw/, th\n *broti/nou tou= *krotwnia/tou qugate/ra: e)c h(=s kai\ pai=des au)tw=| e)ge/nonto du/o, *thlau/ghs kai\ *da/mwn h)\ w(/s tines *mnh/sarxos. kata\ de/ tinas kai\ quga/thr, *mui=a o)/noma, kata\ de\ a)/llous kai\ *)arignw/th. sune/graye de\ o( *puqago/ras mo/na tri/a bibli/a, *paideutiko/n, *politiko/n: to\ de\ fero/menon tri/ton w(s *puqago/rou *lu/sido/s e)sti tou= *taranti/nou, maqhtou= au)tou= genome/nou kai\ fugo/ntos ei)s *qh/bas kai\ kaqhghsame/nou *)epaminw/nda. tine\s de\ a)natiqe/asin au)tw=| kai\ ta\ *xrusa= e)/ph. prw=tos de\ o( *puqago/ras e)myu/xwn a)pe/xesqai trofh=s pare/dwke kai\ kua/mwn. e)teleu/ta de\ o( *puqago/ras tou=ton to\n tro/pon: sunedreu/ontos meta\ tw=n sunh/qwn e)n th=| *mh/lwnos oi)ki/a|, tou/tou u(po/ tinos tw=n mh\ paradoxh=s a)ciwqe/ntwn dia\ fqo/non u(poprhsqh=nai th\n oi)ki/an sune/bh. tine\s de\ au)tou\s tou\s *krotwnia/tas tou=to pra=cai, turanni/dos e)pi/qesin eu)laboume/nous, to\n dh\ *puqago/ran katalhfqh=nai diecio/nta kai\ pro/s tini xwri/w| geno/menon plh/rei kua/mwn, i(/na dih/rxeto, au)to/qi e)/sth, ei)pw\n a(lw=nai ma=llon h)\ path=sai, a)naireqh=nai de\ krei=tton h)\ lalh=sai: kai\ w(=de pro\s tw=n diwko/ntwn a)posfagh=nai. ou(/tw de\ kai\ tou\s plei/stous tw=n e(tai/rwn au)tou= diafqarh=nai, o)/ntas pro\s tou\s m#.
Notes:
Philosopher, mathematician and religious leader, born mid-C6 BCE; see generally OCD4 s.v., and web addresses 1 (MacTutor History of Mathematics) and 2 (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy). In the Suda see also
pi 3121,
pi 3123,
pi 3124.
[1] Mnesarchus: possibly
mu 1160.
[2]
Pherecydes:
phi 214.
[3] Kreophylos:
kappa 2376.
[4] Abaris:
alpha 18.
[5]
Polycrates: see under
nu 240,
tau 175.
[6] Kroton:
kappa 2481,
kappa 2482.
[7] Zamolxis:
zeta 17,
zeta 18.
[8]
Theano:
theta 83,
theta 84.
[9] Telauges:
tau 481.
[10] Muia:
mu 1363.
[11] Arignote:
alpha 3872.
[12]
Pythagoras' third book was
Phusikon (
*fusiko/n), that is
On Nature, according to
Diogenes Laertius (8.1.6).
[13] Epaminondas:
epsilon 1949.
[14] Thus far, the entry is derived from
Diogenes Laertius 8.1-13; and cf. the
scholia on
Plato,
Republic 600B.
[15] From
Diogenes Laertius 8.39.
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: biography; children; chronology; ethics; food; geography; mathematics; philosophy; politics; religion; trade and manufacture; women
Translated by: Catharine Roth on 4 April 2002@14:06:15.
Vetted by:
No. of records found: 1
Page 1
End of search