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Headword:
Abaton
Adler number: alpha,23
Translated headword: inaccessible
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning something] sacred, unapproachable, desolate;[1] also an 'inaccessible' road, [meaning] impassable.
Greek Original:Abaton: hieron, aprositon, erêmon: kai hodos abatos, hê aporeutos.
Notes:
The headword is the neuter singular form of this adjective, which, as a substantive, can be used for the
adyton of a temple or shrine.
[1] Up to this point the entry =
Synagoge alpha5, and
Photius,
Lexicon alpha31 Theodoridis; cf.
Hesychius alpha91 (where Latte confidently asserts that the headword is quoted from
Euripides,
Bacchae 10).
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 23 August 1998@16:21:29.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abdelukta
Adler number: alpha,25
Translated headword: unhateful [things]
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] those which do not cause pollution, at which one would not feel disgust or hatred. The word [is] somewhat tragic.[1]
Aeschylus in
Myrmidons [writes]: "indeed, for I love them, they are unhateful to me."[2]
Abdelukta: ta mê miainonta, ha ouk an tis bdeluchtheiê kai duscheraneie. tragikôtera de hê lexis. Aischulos Murmidosi: kai mên, philô gar, abdelukt' emoi tade.
Notes:
The headword, presumably extracted from the quotation given, is neuter plural of this adjective.
cf. generally (by way of opposites)
beta 197,
beta 198,
beta 199,
beta 200,
beta 201, etc.
=
Photius,
Lexicon alpha33 Theodoridis (
Phrynichus,
Praeparatio Sophistica fr. 40), and very similar to
Synagoge (Codex B) alpha12; cf.
Hesychius alpha94.
[1] cf.
tau 659.
[2]
Aeschylus fr. 137 Nauck.
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 23 August 1998@16:23:12.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abiôton
Adler number: alpha,49
Translated headword: unlivable
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning something] bad [and] annoying, painful.[1]
"He found it an unlivable situation if he could not control the city".[2]
Also [sc. attested is the masculine] a)bi/wtos, he who is not alive.[3]
Greek Original:Abiôton: kakon aêdes, odunêron. ho de abiôtôs eichen, ei mê kratêsoi tês poleôs. kai Abiôtos, ho mê zôn.
Notes:
[1] Same material in other lexica; references at
Photius alpha39 Theodoridis. The headword -- shown by the glossing to be neuter nominative/accusative singular rather than masculine accusative singular -- is evidently quoted from somewhere. The possibilities are numerous. (Latte on
Hesychius s.v. confidently asserts
Euripides,
Alcestis 242.)
[2] Quotation unidentifiable -- but perhaps from
Plutarch, who has several instances of the idiom
a)biw/tws e)/xein.
[3] For this word see also
alpha 50.
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:01:02.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Aboulia
Adler number: alpha,63
Translated headword: ill-advisedness
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] unrefinedness, foolishness.[1]
Also stupidity.[2]
Greek Original:Aboulia: apaideusia, anoia. kai môria.
Notes:
[1] Same glossing in the
Synagoge and
Photius (
Lexicon alpha47 Theodoridis); they add
prope/teia.
[2] Same glossing in
Hesychius alpha171, where Latte claims the headword as quoted from
Euripides,
Medea 882 (accusative case there).
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:23:23.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Aboulôs
Adler number: alpha,64
Translated headword: ill-advisedly
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] unthinkingly, ignorantly.[1]
A line [of verse]: "badly, ill-advisedly, unthinkingly, without reason."[2]
Greek Original:Aboulôs: aphronôs, amathôs. stichos: kakôs, aboulôs, aphronôs, aneu logou.
Notes:
[1] Same glossing in other lexica (references at
Photius alpha48 Theodoridis); and cf. generally
alpha 60,
alpha 63.
[2] An unidentifiable iambic trimeter, perhaps from tragedy.
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:24:02.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Habra
bainôn
Adler number: alpha,70
Translated headword: walking delicately
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning someone] being conceited, being indolent.[1]
"Walking truly delicately, that fellow seemed to be holding his eyebrows up in the air."[2]
Greek Original:Habra bainôn: thruptomenos, blakeuomenos. ekeinos ontôs habra bainôn edokei echôn tas ophrus huperêrmenas anô.
Notes:
See generally LSJ s.v.
a(bro/s (web address 1).
[1] The headword phrase has the same or similar glossing in other lexica; references at
Photius alpha49 Theodoridis. It could be extracted from the quotation given, but is more likely to be quoted from
Euripides,
Trojan Women 820. (So Latte on
Hesychius s.v. and more tentatively Theodoridis on
Photius s.v.)
[2] Quotation (transmitted, in Adler's view, via the
Excerpta Constantini Porphyrogeniti) unidentifiable.
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; tragedy
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:27:05.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Habrosunê
Adler number: alpha,89
Translated headword: splendor
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] brightness.
Greek Original:Habrosunê: phaidrotês.
Notes:
The rare headword noun (also in other lexica, with the same gloss) is a poetic variant of
a(bro/ths; see LSJ s.v. Though it is attested in
Sappho and elsewhere, its inclusion here seems to have been prompted by its occurrence in
Euripides,
Orestes 349 (so Latte on
Hesychius s.v.); cf. the
scholia there.
cf. generally
alpha 86,
alpha 87,
alpha 88. For the glossing noun see also the gloss at
pi 138.
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:40:49.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abrotê
Adler number: alpha,92
Translated headword: divine, holy
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [sc. a term applied to] night.
Because it is deprived [a-] of people [brotoi].[1]
Greek Original:Abrotê: hê nux. para to esterêsthai brotôn.
Notes:
The headword occurs as an adjective describing night in
Homer,
Iliad 14.78 (web address 1). It recurs at
Sophocles fr.269c 20 (of the darkness of death); and it is also a textual variant at (?)
Aeschylus,
Prometheus Bound 2 (applied to 'wilderness').
With the exception of this last instance (and contrary to the present entry), the word is best understood as a doublet for
a)/mbrotos, 'immortal' (
alpha 1540). See LSJ s.v. at web address 2.
[1] Addendum lacking, Adler reports, in mss AS.
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; poetry; tragedy
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:42:56.
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Headword:
Habrochitôn
Adler number: alpha,96
Translated headword: delicate-tunic'd
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning someone] wearing delicate things.
Greek Original:Habrochitôn: truphera phorôn.
Note:
Same entry in other lexica; references at
Photius alpha60 Theodoridis. The headword adjective bears this meaning in e.g.
Greek Anthology 9.538; however, the word is first attested in
Aeschylus,
Persians 543, of beds (accusative plural: web address 1 below).
Web address 1
Keywords: clothing; daily life; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; poetry; tragedy
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:45:35.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Habrunetai
Adler number: alpha,99
Translated headword: puts on airs
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] adorns oneself, is conceited, is boastful.
Greek Original:Habrunetai: kosmeitai, thruptetai, kauchatai.
Note:
Same or similar entry in other lexica; references at
Photius alpha61 Theodoridis. This is comment, presumably, on one of the famous appearances of the headword in Attic tragedy:
Aeschylus,
Agamemnon 1205 (web address 1);
Sophocles,
Oedipus at Colonus 1339 (web address 2).
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; tragedy
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:48:03.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agatharchos
Adler number: alpha,109
Translated headword: Agatharkhos, Agatharchos, Agatharchus
Vetting Status: high
Translation: A proper name. He was an outstanding painter from nature, the son of Eudemos, of Samian stock.
Greek Original:Agatharchos: onoma kurion. ên de zôgraphos epiphanês, Eudêmou huios, to de genos Samios.
Notes:
After the initial gloss, this entry derives from Harpokration s.v., commenting on
Demosthenes 21.147 (web address 1).
The other primary sources on A. (translated in Pollitt, below) are
Plutarch,
Life of Pericles 13.2 (web address 2);
Plutarch,
Life of Alcibiades 16.4 (web address 3);
Vitruvius,
On Architecture 7, praef. 1l (web address 4).
According to tradition, A. was the first painter to make a theatrical
skene (for
Aeschylus).
OCD(4) s.v. (p.35)
J.J. Pollitt, The Art of Ancient Greece (Cambridge 1990) 145-6 (with 188)
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2,
Web address 3,
Web address 4
Keywords: art history; biography; definition; geography; rhetoric; science and technology; stagecraft; tragedy
Translated by: Elizabeth Vandiver on 1 October 1999@23:24:55.
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Headword:
Agathôn
Adler number: alpha,124
Translated headword: Agathon
Vetting Status: high
Translation: A proper name. He was a tragic poet; but he was slandered for effeminacy.
Aristophanes [writes]:[1] "Where is
Agathon?" -- "He's gone and left me." -- "Where on earth is the wretch?" -- "At a banquet of the blessed." This
Agathon was good by nature, "missed by his friends" and brilliant at the dinner table. They say also that the
Symposium of
Plato was set at a dinner party of his, with many philosophers introduced all together. A comic poet [sic] of the school of Socrates. He was lampooned in comedy for womanliness.
Agathôn: onoma kurion. tragikos de ên: diebeblêto de epi malakiai. Aristophanês: Agathôn de pou 'stin; apolipôn m' oichetai. poi gês ho tlêmôn; es makarôn euôchian. houtos ho Agathôn agathos ên ton tropon, potheinos tois philois kai tên trapezan lampros. phasi de hoti kai Platônos Sumposion en hestiasei autou gegraptai, pollôn hama philosophôn parachthentôn. kômôidiopoios Sôkratous didaskaleiou. ekômôideito de eis thêlutêta.
Notes:
C5 BCE; OCD(4) s.v. (pp.37-7); TrGF 39. See also under
alpha 125.
[1]
Aristophanes,
Frogs 83-85 (web address 1), with scholion; dialogue between Herakles and Dionysos. The phrase "missed by his friends", which the lexicographer uses below, is from the same source.
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; comedy; definition; ethics; food; gender and sexuality; philosophy; poetry; tragedy; women
Translated by: William Hutton on 1 April 2001@00:48:08.
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Headword:
Agathônios
Adler number: alpha,125
Translated headword: Agathonios, Agathonius
Vetting Status: high
Translation: A proper name.[1]
[The man] who was king of Tartessos.[2]
Also [sc. attested is the phrase] "
Agathon's pipe-playing": the soft and relaxed [kind]; alternatively that which is neither loose nor harsh, but temperate and very sweet.[3]
Agathônios: onoma kurion. hos ebasileuse tês Tartêssou. kai Agathônios aulêsis: hê malakê kai eklelumenê: ê hê mête chalara, mête pikra, all' eukratos kai hêdistê.
Notes:
[1]
Herodotus 1.163 gives it as Arganthonios (text at web address 1). See also
tau 137.
[2] In southern
Spain; probably the Biblical Tarshish. See generally
tau 137 and OCD(4) s.v. (p.1433).
[3]
Zenobius 1.2. On
Agathon (an Athenian poet of the late C5 BC) and his reputation for softness see
alpha 124; and on his aulos music, M.L. West,
Ancient Greek Music (Oxford 1992) 354-5.
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; daily life; definition; ethics; geography; historiography; history; imagery; meter and music; proverbs; tragedy
Translated by: David Whitehead on 10 February 2001@09:33:27.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agakleitos
Adler number: alpha,127
Translated headword: celebrated, very famous
Vetting Status: high
Translation: He who has an exceedingly fine reputation.[1] And [sc. attested is the feminine] agakleith.[2]
Greek Original:Agakleitos: ho agan endoxos. kai Agakleitê.
Notes:
Epic & tragic adjective: LSJ entry at web address 1.
[1] Same glossing, according to Adler, in the Ambrosian Lexicon (130); see also
Hesychius s.v.
a)ga/kleitoi, and the
scholia to
Homer,
Iliad 3.59.
[2]
Homer,
Iliad 18.45 (of the Nereid Galateia).
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; mythology; tragedy
Translated by: William Hutton on 1 April 2001@01:00:32.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agallei
Adler number: alpha,130
Translated headword: glorifies, honours
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning he/she/it] makes, prepares, adorns.
Greek Original:Agallei: poiei, skeuazei, kosmei.
Notes:
=
Eudemus 2a.22 and
Synagoge (Codex B) alpha66; a longer one in
Photius,
Lexicon alpha86 Theodoridis, with two further glosses (
tima|=,
proseu/xetai).
The headword itself is third person singular, present indicative active, of
a)ga/llw (cf. under
alpha 131), evidently quoted from somewhere. The possibilities include
Pindar,
Nemeans 5.43, and
Euripides,
Hercules 379.
The verb is used especially of what one does to a deity: see LSJ (web address 1).
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; poetry; religion; tragedy
Translated by: Elizabeth Vandiver on 21 November 1998@17:03:42.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agalmata
Adler number: alpha,133
Translated headword: delights, ornaments, statues
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] the likenesses of the gods, and anything that is decorative in some way.
Homer [writes]: "but it is stored away as a delight for the king."[1] And Hesiod calls a necklace an "ornament";[2] but
Pindar uses this term for the decoration on a tomb,[3] and
Euripides uses it for the adornments for corpses.[4]
Also something in which someone takes delight.[5]
Also [sc. a term for] image, wooden statue, delight, beauty, ornament, source of pride, palm leaves,[6] [human] statues, [honorific?] inscriptions.
Paintings and [human] statues are also called
agalmata.[7]
agalmation [is] the diminutive form.
Agalmata: ta tôn theôn mimêmata, kai panta ta kosmou tinos metechonta. Homêros: basilêï de keitai agalma. kai Hêsiodos ton hormon agalma kalei: Pindaros de tên epi taphou stêlên houtô kalei, Euripidês ton epi nekrois kosmon. kai eph' hôi tis agalletai. kai to eidôlon, bretas, charma, kallonê, kosmos, kauchêma, thalloi, andriantes, epigraphai. Agalmata de kai tas graphas kai tous andriantas legousin. Agalmation de hupokoristikôs.
Notes:
The (neuter) headword is the plural of
alpha 131 (and cf.
alpha 132). It is perhaps, though not necessarily, quoted from somewhere.
[1]
Homer,
Iliad 4.144 (web address 1), on an ivory cheek-piece for a horse.
[2] This fragment of Hesiod (142 Merkelbach-West, 233 Rzach) is not known from any other source. It may pertain to the story of Europa in the
Catalogue of Women.
[3]
Pindar,
Nemean Odes 10.125 (67 Bowra): web address 2.
[4]
Euripides,
Alcestis 613: web address 3.
[5] Already at
alpha 131.
[6] Used as prizes for victors in competition.
[7] Same material in
Photius (Lexicon alpha92 Theodoridis) and elsewhere; cf. Kassel-Austin, PCG II p.365 (on
Antiphanes fr.102).
Web address 1,
Web address 2,
Web address 3
Keywords: art history; athletics; comedy; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; mythology; poetry; religion; trade and manufacture; tragedy
Translated by: William Hutton on 12 January 1999@12:39:04.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Aganon
Adler number: alpha,145
Translated headword: firewood, broken; good, gentle
Vetting Status: high
Translation: With proparoxytone accent[1] [this means] wood that has been cut up.
Or brushwood and [wood that is] ready to be cut up.[2]
But some [sc. define it as wood] which is not chopped.
But with the oxytone[3] it means fine. Or good or kindly, though some [say] immortal. Whence also [comes the term] a)ganofrosu/nh ["kindly-mindedness"].
Also [sc. attested is the verb] a)ganou=men ["we will make nice"],[4] meaning we will beautify.
And elsewhere: "however gentle you might pass into the Athenian book of death, you would always have your tresses well-garlanded."[5]
Greek Original:Aganon: proparoxutonôs to kateagos xulon. ê to phruganôdes kai hetoimon pros to kateagênai. hoi de to apelekêton. Aganon de oxutonôs kalon. ê agathon ê hilaron, hoi de athanaton. enthen kai aganophrosunê. kai Aganoumen, anti tou kosmêsomen. kai authis: hôs an toi rheiêi men aganos Atthidi deltôi kêros, hupo stephanois d' aien echois plokamous.
Notes:
cf. generally
alpha 146,
alpha 147,
alpha 148,
alpha 149.
[1] i.e.
a)/ganos (here neuter).
[2] Addendum lacking in mss ASM.
[3] i.e.
a)gano/s (again, here neuter).
[4] Attested only here, but cf. the
scholia to
Aristophanes,
Peace 398 (where
a)galou=men occurs).
[5]
Greek Anthology 7.36.5 (Erucius), on the tomb of
Sophocles; cf. Gow and Page (252-253),
alpha 1421,
beta 453, and
sigma 569.
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: The Garland of Philip and Some Contemporary Epigrams, vol. I, (Cambridge, 1968)
Keywords: botany; comedy; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; poetry; tragedy
Translated by: William Hutton on 28 March 2000@23:57:06.
Vetted by:David Whitehead (added note and keywords; cosmetics) on 9 February 2001@11:07:52.
Jennifer Benedict (tags) on 26 March 2008@01:08:32.
David Whitehead (augmented n.4; more keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 27 March 2008@08:01:50.
David Whitehead (augmented notes; tweaks) on 23 December 2011@05:41:50.
Ronald Allen (expanded n.5, added bibliography, added cross-references, added keyword) on 25 October 2018@15:42:25.
Headword:
Angaroi
Adler number: alpha,165
Translated headword: messengers
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] those who carry letters in relays.[1] They are also [called] 'couriers' [
a)sta/ndai].[2] The words [are] Persian.
Aeschylus in
Agamemnon [writes]: "beacon sent beacon hither with relaying fire."[3] The word is also used for conveyors of freight and more generally of inanimate objects and slaves. Also [sc. attested is] the [verb]
a)ggaroforei=n in reference to carrying burdens. And [the verb]
a)ggareu/esqai means what we now speak of as being impressed to carry burdens and labor of that sort.
Menander offers this example in the
Sikyonios: "someone arriving by sea puts in? He is labelled an enemy. And if he has anything nice it's pressed into service [
a)ggareu/etai]."[4]
Angaroi: hoi ek diadochês grammatophoroi. hoi de autoi kai astandai. ta de onomata Persika. Aischulos Agamemnoni: phruktos de phrukton deuro ap' angarou puros epempe. tithetai to onoma kai epi tôn phortêgôn kai holôs tôn anaisthêtôn kai andrapodôdôn. kai to Angarophorein epi tou phortia pherein. kai Angareuesthai kalousin hôsper hêmeis nun to eis phortêgian kai toiautên tina hupêresian agesthai. Menandros kai touto en tôi Sikuôniôi paristêsin: ho pleôn katêchthê; krineth' houtos polemios. ean echêi ti malakon, angareuetai.
Notes:
Same entry in
Photius, similar ones elsewhere.
LSJ entry at web address 1. See also
alpha 162,
alpha 163,
alpha 164.
[1] cf.
Herodotus 3.126 (web address 2) and esp. 8.98 (web address 3).
[2] cf.
alpha 4420. The word appears also at
Athenaeus,
Deipnosophists 3.122A (3.94 Kaibel);
Eustathius Commentaries on Homer's Odyssey vol. 2 p. 189.6;
Hesychius alpha7814;
Plutarch,
Alexander 18 (bis);
De Alex. fort. virt. 326E; 340C.
[3]
Aeschylus,
Agamemnon 282f. (web address 4), where the mss have
a)gge/lou, an obvious gloss.
[4]
Menander,
Sikyonios fr.4 Sandbach [= fr 440 Kock].
Web address 1,
Web address 2,
Web address 3,
Web address 4
Keywords: comedy; daily life; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; historiography; history; military affairs; science and technology; tragedy; zoology
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 23 June 1999@13:13:42.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agasmata
Adler number: alpha,170
Translated headword: objects of wonder
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] objects of awe, things at which one would wonder [
a)ga/saito].
Sophocles uses [the word].
Agasmata: sebasmata, ha an tis agasaito. Sophoklês kechrêtai.
Note:
The headword, a neuter plural, is printed as
Sophocles fr. 971 Radt (885 Nauck edn.2), on the authority of this entry and
Photius p.13, 28 Reitzenstein [now alpha131 Theodoridis] =
Synagoge alpha95. Similar definitions in
Hesychius alpha340 and at
Eustathius Commentaries on Homer's Iliad 3.589.17. It is otherwise unattested.
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 4 June 1999@14:19:45.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agastonos
Adler number: alpha,171
Timeout after 20 seconds; further results omitted.