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Headword: Abanteios
Adler number: alpha,15
Translated headword: Abanteios, Abantius, Abantian
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
The [house][1] of Abas.[2] Also [attested is] Abantiades.[3]
Greek Original:
Abanteios: ho tou Abantos. kai Abantiadês.
Notes:
Adler cites as a comparandum Lexicon Ambrosianum 22, 23, 28.
[1] This suppletion is suggested by the corresponding entry in the Lexicon of pseudo-Zonaras 5.1, which is identical to this entry apart from the headword phrase: vs. *)aba/nteios here, ps.-Zonaras has *)aba/nteios do/mos ('Abantian house'). The headword here could serve as a modifier for any substantive of the masculine gender, including a son or descendant, as is suggested by the subsequent reference to a patronymic form. The adjective is unattested outside of grammars and lexica, and ps.-Zonaras provides the only example of it modifying a specific substantive. Stephanus of Byzantium in his entry on 'Abantis', an early name for Euboea (cf. Hesiod fr. 296 Merkelbach-West), notes it as the possessive adjective relating to the Abantes or to their legendary founder Abas, whom Stephanos identifies either as the son of Lynkeus (see note 2 below) or a homonymous son of Poseidon. Cf. also Herodianus Peri orthographias 3.2.429.34 and 465.14.
[2] Not the Abas of alpha 20, but one of the mythological figures of that name; in fact almost certainly A. the son of Lynkeus, king of Argos [Myth, Place] after Danaos and father of the twins Akrisios and Proitos (Pausanias 2.16.2 (web address 1); Apollodorus, Library 2.2.1 (web address 2)).
[3] This term is used by (e.g.) Ovid both for an actual son of Abas (Metamorphoses 4.607 (Acrisius): web address 3) and in the sense of a more distant descendant (4.673 (Perseus, great-grandson of Abas; cf. pi 1372): web address 4).
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2,
Web address 3,
Web address 4
Keywords: biography; dialects, grammar, and etymology; geography; mythology; poetry
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 22 August 1998@12:47:27.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Entered headword, modified note, added keywords, raised status) on 18 January 2001@09:34:40.
David Whitehead (augmented and modified note; added keyword) on 27 February 2003@07:23:08.
David Whitehead (tweaked tr; augmented notes and keywords; raised status) on 23 August 2007@07:12:31.
William Hutton (augmented notes, tweaked translation) on 23 August 2007@13:11:02.
William Hutton (tweaks and typos) on 24 August 2007@02:44:20.
Jennifer Benedict (cosmetics) on 24 March 2008@23:38:57.
Catharine Roth (upgraded links) on 5 August 2013@01:08:34.

Headword: Abaris
Adler number: alpha,18
Translated headword: Abaris, Avars
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Scythian, son of Seuthes. He wrote the so-called Scythinian Oracles[1] and Marriage of the river Hebros and Purifications and a Theogony in prose and Arrival of Apollo among the Hyperboreans in meter. He came from Scythia to Greece.
The legendary arrow belongs to him, the one he flew on from Greece to Hyperborean Scythia. It was given to him by Apollo.[2]
Gregory the Theologian mentioned this man in his Epitaphios for Basil the Great.[3]
They say[4] that once, when there was a plague throughout the entire inhabited world, Apollo told the Greeks and barbarians who had come to consult his oracle that the Athenian people should make prayers on behalf of all of them. So, many peoples sent ambassadors to them, and Abaris, they say, came as ambassador of the Hyperboreans in the third Olympiad.[5]
[Note] that the Bulgarians thoroughly destroyed the Avars[6] by force.
[Note] that these Avars drove out the Sabinorians, when they themselves had been expelled by peoples living near the shore of the Ocean, who left their own land when a mist formed in the flood of the Ocean and a crowd of griffins appeared; the story was that they would not stop until they had devoured the race of men. So the people driven away by these monsters invaded their neighbors. As the invaders were stronger, the others submitted and left, just as the Saragurians, when they were driven out, went to the Akatziri Huns.[7]
The declension is Abaris, Abaridos [genitive singular], Abaridas [accusative plural], and with apocope Abaris [also accusative plural, with a long iota].
See about these things under 'Bulgarians'.[8]
Greek Original:
Abaris: Skuthês, Seuthou huios. sunegrapsato de chrêsmous tous kaloumenous Skuthinous kai Gamon Hebrou tou potamou kai Katharmous kai Theogonian katalogadên kai Apollônos aphixin eis Huperboreous emmetrôs. hêke de ek Skuthôn eis Hellada. toutou ho muthologoumenos oïstos, tou petomenou apo tês Hellados mechri tôn Huperboreôn Skuthôn: edothê de autôi para tou Apollônos. toutou kai Grêgorios ho Theologos en tôi eis ton megan Basileion Epitaphiôi mnêmên pepoiêtai. phasi de hoti loimou kata pasan tên oikoumenên gegonotos aneilen ho Apollôn manteuomenois Hellêsi kai barbarois ton Athênaiôn dêmon huper pantôn euchas poiêsasthai. presbeuomenôn de pollôn ethnôn pros autous, kai Abarin ex Huperboreôn presbeutên aphikesthai legousi kata tên g# Olumpiada. hoti tous Abaris hoi Boulgaroi kata kratos ardên êphanisan. hoti hoi Abaris houtoi exêlasan Sabinôras, metanastai genomenoi hupo ethnôn oikountôn men tên parôkeanitin aktên, tên de chôran apolipontôn dia to ex anachuseôs tou Ôkeanou homichlôdes ginomenon, kai grupôn de plêthos anaphanen: hoper ên logos mê proteron pausasthai prin ê boran poiêsai to tôn anthrôpôn genos. dio dê hupo tônde elaunomenoi tôn deinôn tois plêsiochôrois eneballon: kai tôn epiontôn dunatôterôn ontôn hoi tên ephodon huphistamenoi metanistanto, hôsper kai hoi Saragouroi elathentes pros tois Akatirois Ounnois egenonto. klinetai de Abaris, Abaridos, tous Abaridas, kai kata apokopên Abaris. zêtei peri tôn autôn en tôi Boulgaroi.
Notes:
See generally A.H. Griffiths in OCD(4) p.1: "legendary devotee of Apollo from the far north, a shamanistic missionary and saviour-figure like Aristeas [alpha 3900]". Adler credits this part of the entry to the Epitome Onomatologi Hesychii Milesii.
[1] Or in one manuscript, 'Skythian'.
[2] Perhaps from a scholion on the passage about to be cited (so Adler). Cf. Herodotos 4.36.1 (web address 1).
[3] Gregory of Nazianzus PG 36.524b.
[4] This material is from Harpokration s.v. *)/abaris
[5] 768-765 BCE. Harpokration (see preceding note) cites Hippostratos (FGrH 568 F4) to this effect, but adds that there were later alternatives: the twenty-first Olympiad (696-693) or "the time of Croesus, king of Lydia" (so Pindar, fr.270 Snell-Maehler), i.e. c.560-546.
[6] The word used for the Avars here, *)aba/ris, is a homograph for the name of the Hyperborean wise man Abaris, so this separate section on the Avars is included in this entry. There is no indication that the lexicographer sees any connection between the two topics. In mid-C6 CE the Avars were a nomadic people of the steppe north of the Black Sea; cf. Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium s.v. Avars. On the territories of the Avars and of their surrounding ethnic groups in the epoch of Justinian (cf. iota 446 generally), see Louth (110, map).
[7] Priscus fr.30 FHG (4.104), still 30 Bornmann. The final part reappears at alpha 820 and sigma 111.
[8] beta 423.
References:
RE Abaris (1) I.16-17
Macartney, C.A. "On the Greek Sources for the History of the Turks in the Sixth Century." BSOAS 11 (1944): 266-275
A.P. Kazhdan, ed. et al., The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, (Oxford 1991)
A. Louth, "Justinian and His Legacy," in J. Shepard, ed., The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c. 500-1492, (Cambridge 2008) 99-129.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; Christianity; dialects, grammar, and etymology; geography; historiography; history; mythology; philosophy; poetry; religion; rhetoric
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 21 August 1998@17:03:41.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Modified translation and notes, added keywords, set status.) on 19 January 2001@14:57:43.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and bibliography; cosmetics) on 9 February 2001@05:20:43.
David Whitehead (added note) on 14 February 2001@06:09:48.
Mihai Olteanu (The only thracian item concerning Abaris is his father's name. Everything else pledes for his sythian ('hyperborean') origin. This is why I suppose we deal here with a copist mistake, and I propose the emendation: ́Αβαρις: Σκύθης, *Σκύθου υἱός (for Σκύθης as mythological character, see for example Herodotos 4,10).) on 22 January 2002@21:55:20.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 23 January 2002@03:11:25.
David Whitehead (augmented n.6 and added a keyword) on 5 October 2004@03:21:13.
William Hutton (augmented notes, added link and keywords, set status) on 24 August 2007@11:05:00.
Jennifer Benedict (cosmeticule) on 25 March 2008@00:16:43.
David Whitehead (another note; cosmetics) on 28 March 2014@06:23:27.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 29 July 2014@12:06:21.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 31 January 2015@09:22:24.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation) on 18 February 2024@01:49:17.
Ronald Allen (expanded n.6, added further bibliography) on 21 August 2024@11:18:37.

Headword: Abarnis
Adler number: alpha,19
Translated headword: Abarnis
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Name of a city.
Greek Original:
Abarnis: onoma poleôs.
Notes:
Same entry, according to Adler, in the Ambrosian Lexicon (74), and cf. more generally the scholia to Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 1.932 (where the genitive case occurs), on which see further below.
Abarnis lay on the southern shore of the Propontis (Sea of Marmara), between Parion and Lampsakos; Barrington Atlas map 51 grid H4. According to Stephanus of Byzantium s.v. *)/abarnos (sic), Abarnos and Aparnis were also attested versions of its name.
A scholium to Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 1.932 (repeated in more legible form in Etymologicum Magnum 2.11-28) provides an etymological explanation of the origin of the name in Aphrodite's refusal (a)parnh/sasqai) to recognize her offspring Priapos, who was born in the region.
Keywords: children; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; gender and sexuality; geography; mythology; religion; women
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 22 August 1998@12:55:54.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (modified note) on 19 September 2000@03:59:17.
William Hutton (augmented note, added keywords, set status) on 24 August 2007@23:38:41.
David Whitehead (augmented and re-arranged note) on 19 December 2011@06:02:32.
Catharine Roth (coding, typo) on 5 August 2013@00:18:42.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 10 January 2015@22:46:51.

Headword: Habros
Adler number: alpha,87
Translated headword: delicate
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] bright, delicate, tender.[1]
In the Epigrams: "a cicada sat above a cithara delicately murmuring."[2]
"All the same that fellow is dainty and delicate and weakened by the softness of his body and depraved and with his hair done up like the most licentious little courtesans. And when he goes in to see the king his face and his curly hair are always delicately dripping [with perfume], and he takes as much money from the communal circumstances as would satisfy even the legendary Midas."[3]
Greek Original:
Habros: lampros, trupheros, hapalos. en Epigrammasin: habron epitruzôn kitharas huper hezeto tettix. homôs de ho trupheros ekeinos kai habros kai hupo malakias tou sômatos kateagôs kai lelugismenos kai tas te komas anadoumenos, hôsper hai tôn hetairidôn aselgesterai, kai habrostages echôn aei to metôpon kai tous bostruchous, labôn chrusion ek tôn koinôn sumphorôn, hoson hikanon ên emplêsai kai ton ek tou muthou Midan, eiserrei pros ton basilea.
Notes:
For this adjective see already alpha 70, alpha 73, and alpha 86, and again alpha 88.
[1] Same glossing in other lexica; references at Photius alpha55 Theodoridis.
[2] Greek Anthology 6.54.7 (Paulus Silentiarius). Find further extracts from this epigram, in which a cicada sustains the note from a broken string, at alpha 2994, kappa 2368, lambda 73, pi 670, tau 877, and omega 28.
[3] Attributed by Hemsterhuys to Eunapius; again (in part) at alpha 1860.
Keywords: biography; clothing; daily life; definition; ethics; gender and sexuality; historiography; imagery; mythology; poetry; women; zoology
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:39:27.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Modified translation, cosmetics, augmented note, set keywords and status) on 2 February 2001@12:21:50.
David Whitehead (added note and keyword; cosmetics) on 9 February 2001@06:35:10.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 3 January 2006@10:26:40.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 21 December 2011@04:35:18.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticule) on 22 December 2011@19:16:16.
David Whitehead on 16 August 2013@07:18:56.
David Whitehead (another x-ref) on 17 January 2014@04:31:02.
Ronald Allen (augmented n.2, added cross-references) on 24 July 2023@19:24:42.
Ronald Allen (typo n.2, corrected cross-reference) on 28 July 2023@11:23:53.
Catharine Roth (cross-reference) on 29 March 2024@23:08:01.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation) on 29 March 2024@23:17:26.

Headword: Agakleitos
Adler number: alpha,127
Translated headword: celebrated, very famous
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
He who has an exceedingly fine reputation.[1] And [sc. attested is the feminine] a)gakleith/.[2]
Greek Original:
Agakleitos: ho agan endoxos. kai Agakleitê.
Notes:
Epic & tragic adjective: LSJ entry at web address 1.
[1] Same glossing, according to Adler, in the Ambrosian Lexicon (130); see also Hesychius s.v. a)ga/kleitoi, and the scholia to Homer, Iliad 3.59.
[2] Homer, Iliad 18.45 (of the Nereid Galateia).
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; mythology; tragedy
Translated by: William Hutton on 1 April 2001@01:00:32.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (added link) on 2 April 2001@10:25:50.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 25 April 2002@04:01:01.
Jennifer Benedict (betacoding) on 26 March 2008@00:49:03.
David Whitehead (another note; another keyword; cosmetics) on 27 March 2008@07:33:11.
David Whitehead (augmented notes; another keyword) on 22 December 2011@08:26:00.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 17 June 2023@20:40:29.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticules) on 27 April 2024@20:25:17.

Headword: Agalmata
Adler number: alpha,133
Translated headword: delights, ornaments, statues
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] the likenesses of the gods, and anything that is decorative in some way. Homer [writes]: "but it is stored away as a delight for the king."[1] And Hesiod calls a necklace an "ornament";[2] but Pindar uses this term for the decoration on a tomb,[3] and Euripides uses it for the adornments for corpses.[4]
Also something in which someone takes delight.[5]
Also [sc. a term for] image, wooden statue, delight, beauty, ornament, source of pride, palm leaves,[6] [human] statues, [honorific?] inscriptions.
Paintings and [human] statues are also called agalmata.[7]
Agalmation [is] the diminutive form.
Greek Original:
Agalmata: ta tôn theôn mimêmata, kai panta ta kosmou tinos metechonta. Homêros: basilêï de keitai agalma. kai Hêsiodos ton hormon agalma kalei: Pindaros de tên epi taphou stêlên houtô kalei, Euripidês ton epi nekrois kosmon. kai eph' hôi tis agalletai. kai to eidôlon, bretas, charma, kallonê, kosmos, kauchêma, thalloi, andriantes, epigraphai. Agalmata de kai tas graphas kai tous andriantas legousin. Agalmation de hupokoristikôs.
Notes:
The (neuter) headword is the plural of alpha 131 (and cf. alpha 132). It is perhaps, though not necessarily, quoted from somewhere.
[1] Homer, Iliad 4.144 (web address 1), on an ivory cheek-piece for a horse.
[2] This fragment of Hesiod (142 Merkelbach-West, 233 Rzach) is not known from any other source. It may pertain to the story of Europa in the Catalogue of Women.
[3] Pindar, Nemean Odes 10.125 (67 Bowra): web address 2.
[4] Euripides, Alcestis 613: web address 3.
[5] Already at alpha 131.
[6] Used as prizes for victors in competition.
[7] Same material in Photius (Lexicon alpha92 Theodoridis) and elsewhere; cf. Kassel-Austin, PCG II p.365 (on Antiphanes fr.102).
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2,
Web address 3
Keywords: art history; athletics; comedy; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; mythology; poetry; religion; trade and manufacture; tragedy
Translated by: William Hutton on 12 January 1999@12:39:04.
Vetted by:
Ross Scaife ✝ (cosmetics) on 29 June 2000@22:39:50.
David Whitehead (augmented keywords; cosmetics) on 17 February 2003@05:54:38.
Jennifer Benedict (cleaned up links) on 26 March 2008@01:00:28.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 23 December 2011@04:07:43.
David Whitehead (expanded n.7) on 16 August 2013@07:56:54.
David Whitehead (expanded n.7; another keyword) on 22 December 2014@04:58:33.
Catharine Roth (tweaked link) on 6 November 2016@12:23:04.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 25 May 2024@18:42:34.

Headword: Agamai kardias
Adler number: alpha,138
Translated headword: I admire at heart
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
An Atticism, meaning I marvel [at].[1]
Aelian [writes]: "since, also, the [behaviour? remark?] of Menelaus to Paris the son of Priam I neither praise nor admire."[2]
"Personally I admire these men as well, and the Acarnanian most of all above these men. For he was eager to share with his men the things that he recognized they were going to suffer."[3]
Greek Original:
Agamai kardias: Attikôs, anti tou thaumazô. Ailianos: epei kai tên tou Meneleô pros ton tou Priamou Parin oute epainô oute agamai. egô de agamai kai tousde tous andras: ton de Akarnana megiston kai pro toutôn. ha gar peisomenous eginôske, toutôn epethumêse tois andrasi koinônêsai.
Notes:
[1] The headword phrase occurs at Aristophanes, Acharnians 489 (web address 1). For the comment, cf. Timaeus, Platonic Lexicon s.v. a)/gami.
[2] Aelian fr.125b Domingo-Forasté (122 Hercher). The allusion is presumably to something in Homer, Iliad 3 (where Menelaus and Paris fight a duel).
[3] Philostratus, Life of Apollonius of Tyana 4.23; again (in part) at alpha 805.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; comedy; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; mythology
Translated by: William Hutton on 28 March 2000@00:16:18.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 9 February 2001@10:39:43.
David Whitehead (added note and keyword) on 25 April 2002@04:09:53.
David Whitehead (tweaked tr; augmented n.2 and keywords) on 22 December 2006@08:55:11.
Jennifer Benedict (added link) on 26 March 2008@01:04:38.
David Whitehead (tweaks and cosmetics) on 23 December 2011@04:57:51.
Catharine Roth (updated reference, upgraded link) on 28 January 2012@19:23:05.
Catharine Roth (tweak) on 21 December 2014@19:38:34.

Headword: Agamemnôn
Adler number: alpha,140
Translated headword: Agamemnon
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Genitive] *a)game/mnonos and [vocative] w)= *a)ga/memnon.[1] Also [sc. attested is] "Agamemnonian house", and "Agamemnonian ship".[2]
Greek Original:
Agamemnôn: Agamemnonos kai ô Agamemnon. kai Agamemnoneios oikos, kai Agamemnoneia naus.
Notes:
[1] For Agamemnon, son of Atreus, see generally OCD(4) s.v. (pp.34-5).
[2] These two phrases -- neither of them attested outside lexicography -- illustrate the masculine and feminine forms (respectively) of an adjective deriving from the name of Agamemnon.
Keywords: dialects, grammar, and etymology; mythology
Translated by: William Hutton on 28 March 2000@00:39:03.
Vetted by:
Ross Scaife ✝ (raised vetting status) on 26 September 2000@13:57:58.
David Whitehead (modified translattion and notes; added keyword; cosmetics) on 25 April 2002@04:19:50.
David Whitehead (betacoding and other cosmetics) on 23 December 2011@05:14:16.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 29 July 2014@12:38:57.

Headword: Agamêdês
Adler number: alpha,142
Translated headword: Agamedes
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Proper name.[1] Also [sc. attested is] a feminine form Agamede.[2]
Greek Original:
Agamêdês: onoma kurion. kai thêlukon Agamêdê.
Notes:
[1] See under epsiloniota 323.
[2] Stephanus of Byzantium lists this as both a toponym and a (connected ) personal name.
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; geography; mythology; women
Translated by: William Hutton on 21 August 1998@16:38:34.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added headword and keywords; cosmetics) on 9 February 2001@10:47:42.
David Whitehead (added note and another keyword) on 15 June 2004@04:26:28.
David Whitehead (another note; more keywords; cosmetic) on 1 August 2011@08:10:21.

Headword: Agastonos
Adler number: alpha,171
Translated headword: much-groaning
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] copiously moaning.
Greek Original:
Agastonos: polustenaktos.
Notes:
Same or similar entries in other lexica; references at Photius alpha128 Theodoridis.
The headword adjective is used of Poseidon's wife Amphitrite (personifying the sea) in Homer, Odyssey 12.97 (web address 1), and in the Homeric Hymn (3) to Apollo 94 (web address 2); it is also attested in a general sense at Aeschylus, Seven against Thebes 99 (web address 3).
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2,
Web address 3
Keywords: definition; epic; imagery; mythology; poetry; tragedy
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 4 June 1999@14:50:49.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Modified headword and keyword, added links) on 31 October 2001@10:12:18.
David Whitehead (expanded note; added a keyword; cosmetics) on 14 April 2004@05:35:23.
Jennifer Benedict (cosmeticule) on 26 March 2008@01:52:49.
David Whitehead (augmented note; another keyword) on 23 December 2011@08:49:34.
David Whitehead on 18 August 2013@05:55:48.
Catharine Roth (tweaked note and links) on 3 October 2013@00:53:22.

Headword: Agelaos
Adler number: alpha,182
Translated headword: Agelaos, Agelaus
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
A proper name.
Greek Original:
Agelaos: onoma kurion.
Note:
The name of various mythological figures; also of two minor warriors in Homer (Iliad 8.257, 11.302).
Keywords: biography; definition; epic; mythology
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 7 June 1999@11:34:15.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added keywords) on 11 February 2001@09:46:43.
David Whitehead on 1 August 2011@08:14:56.
David Whitehead on 29 December 2011@06:34:49.

Headword: Agelaiê
Adler number: alpha,185
Translated headword: Agelaie, Booty-driver
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[sc. An epithet of] Athena.
Greek Original:
Agelaiê: hê Athêna.
Notes:
From the scholia to Homer, Iliad 4.128.
cf. alpha 190 and the note there.
Keywords: definition; epic; mythology; religion
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 23 June 1999@13:20:37.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented headword; cosmetics) on 11 February 2001@10:06:33.
David Whitehead (another note and keyword; cosmetics) on 29 December 2011@06:45:22.
Catharine Roth (another keyword) on 16 June 2024@23:25:07.

Headword: Ageleiê
Adler number: alpha,190
Translated headword: Ageleie, Booty-driver
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[An epithet of] Athena.[1]
From the [fact of her] "driving booty", [a)/gein lei/an]; that is, as a soldier.[2]
Greek Original:
Ageleiê: hê Athêna. apo tou agein leian: toutesti stratiôtikê.
Notes:
See already alpha 185.
[1] Similarly glossed in the Etymologicum Magnum (where the same etymology is found) and Hesychius.
[2] This epic epithet is confined to Athena. The etymology "leader of the host" is also canvassed: see G.S. Kirk's note on Homer, Iliad 4.128, and M.L. West's on Hesiod Theogony 318.
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; mythology; poetry; religion
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 23 June 1999@13:24:33.
Vetted by:
Samuel Huskey (Added keyword "epic".) on 25 September 2000@19:47:17.
David Whitehead (augmented headword; cosmetics) on 11 February 2001@10:14:11.
Catharine Roth (augmented note, added keyword, raised status) on 12 October 2007@22:40:32.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 29 December 2011@07:07:12.
David Whitehead on 18 August 2013@06:19:02.

Headword: Agerastos
Adler number: alpha,200
Translated headword: unrecompensed, unrewarded
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] lacking honor.
Greek Original:
Agerastos: atimos.
Notes:
Likewise in other lexica, beginning with Hesychius; references at Photius alpha144 Theodoridis. The headword adjective is used (by Agamemnon of himself, if he be forced to give up Chryseis) in Homer, Iliad 1.119.
For the root-word geras, see gamma 186.
Keywords: definition; epic; ethics; mythology; women
Translated by: William Hutton on 17 October 2000@02:39:02.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added note and keyword) on 11 February 2001@11:00:55.
David Whitehead (x-ref and another keyword; cosmetics) on 22 December 2006@06:23:13.
William Hutton (fixed tag) on 15 February 2007@09:43:10.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords) on 29 December 2011@07:48:41.
David Whitehead on 18 August 2013@06:37:36.

Headword: Agênorion
Adler number: alpha,222
Translated headword: Agenorion, Agenor-shrine
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Name of a place.
Greek Original:
Agênorion: onoma topou.
Notes:
In Arrian, Anabasis 2.24.2: during Alexander the Great's siege of Tyre (332 BCE) the defenders attempt to rally at the Agenorion.
For Agenor cf. alpha 223. But NB Bosworth ad loc.: 'This supposed Shrine of Agenor is nowhere else attested, and it may be interpretatio Graeca, giving an established and familiar Greek name for an important Semitic sanctuary. Curt. iv.4.19 mentions Agenor as the founder of Tyre, and he had been solidly associated with Tyre in Greek mythology, figuring as the father of Europa, Cadmus, Cilix, and Phoenix [Author, Myth]'.
Reference:
A.B. Bosworth, A Historical Commentary on Arrian's History of Alexander, i (Oxford 1980)
Keywords: definition; geography; historiography; history; military affairs; mythology; religion
Translated by: Nathan Greenberg ✝ on 19 November 1998@08:57:52.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added note and keyword; cosmetics) on 11 February 2001@11:48:31.
David Whitehead (modified/augmented my erroneous note; augmented keywords; cosmetics) on 14 April 2004@06:00:43.
David Whitehead on 1 August 2011@08:16:33.

Headword: Agênôr
Adler number: alpha,223
Translated headword: manly, heroic
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] the very brave man, or [one] admirable in courage. It also indicates the overweening and arrogant one.[1] It is also a proper name [Agenor].[2]
From the [phrase] a)/gan th=| h)nore/h| ["too much with courage"], which is to exercise bravery [too much].[3]
Greek Original:
Agênôr: ho agan andreios, ê agastos en andreiai. sêmainei de kai ton huperêphanon kai authadê. esti de kai kurion onoma. para to agan têi ênoreêi ho esti têi andreiai chrêsthai.
Notes:
Same or similar material in other lexica (references at Photius alpha166 Theodoridis), and also in the scholia to Homer, Iliad 2.276.
[1] See already alpha 221, and generally LSJ s.v. (web address 1)
[2] There are half a dozen mythological figures of this name, e.g. A. the father of Europa (on whom see OCD(4) s.v. (p.38), and under alpha 222).
[3] = Etymologicum Magnum 9.43.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; mythology
Translated by: Nathan Greenberg ✝ on 19 November 1998@09:07:59.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added headword; modified and augmented notes; added keywords; cosmetics) on 11 February 2001@12:00:23.
Catharine Roth (Added link.) on 4 March 2001@22:10:46.
David Whitehead (augmented note) on 26 April 2002@06:11:02.
David Whitehead (x-ref) on 14 April 2004@06:02:17.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; betacoding and other cosmetics) on 3 January 2012@09:57:12.
David Whitehead on 18 August 2013@07:16:55.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 29 July 2014@12:43:35.
Catharine Roth (cosmetics) on 22 November 2020@00:22:09.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation) on 1 July 2024@17:32:55.

Headword: Agêraon
Adler number: alpha,225
Translated headword: ageless
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] undecaying.
Greek Original:
Agêraon: aphtharton.
Notes:
From scholia on Homer, Iliad 2.447, where this adjective in the accusative case, describing Athene's aigis, actually appears as a)gh/rwn (Homeric text at web address 1; LSJ entry at web address 2.)
cf. generally alpha 227.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; mythology
Translated by: Nathan Greenberg ✝ on 21 November 1998@13:05:24.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (Added note, links, keywords.) on 20 February 2001@11:06:40.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 14 April 2004@06:05:13.
David Whitehead (expanded note) on 3 January 2012@10:15:13.
David Whitehead on 9 April 2015@03:13:55.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticule) on 22 November 2020@00:25:44.
Catharine Roth (another keyword) on 1 July 2024@17:35:47.

Headword: Ankulomêtês kai Ankulomêteô. kai Ankulomêtai
Adler number: alpha,253
Translated headword: crooked of counsel
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[a)gkulomh/ths] and a)gkulomh/tew.[1] Also [sc. attested is] a)gkulomh=tai: men of devious devices.[2]
Greek Original:
Ankulomêtês kai Ankulomêteô. kai Ankulomêtai, hoi skoliobouloi.
Notes:
Adler's headword -- here divided between headword and gloss -- consists of three declensional forms of the same word (used, in epic and other poetry, of Kronos, Prometheus and others): nominative singular, genitive singular, nominative plural. See web address 1 for the LSJ entry.
[1] cf. Lexicon Ambrosianum 161.
[2] Same plural and gloss in other lexica; references at Photius alpha188 Theodoridis.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; imagery; mythology; poetry
Translated by: Roger Travis on 4 October 2000@11:42:02.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Modified translation, added note and link, set status) on 14 June 2001@23:37:50.
David Whitehead (augmented note and keywords) on 21 July 2003@06:46:14.
David Whitehead (supplemented translation; augmented notes and keywords) on 4 January 2012@08:38:36.
David Whitehead on 18 August 2013@08:04:45.
David Whitehead (coding) on 4 October 2015@10:38:03.

Headword: Aglaophôn
Adler number: alpha,267
Translated headword: Aglaophon
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
A proper name.
Greek Original:
Aglaophôn: onoma kurion.
Note:
Pausanias (10.27.4, see web address 1) quotes an epigram of Simonides, naming Aglaophon as the father of the painter Polygnotos. See also pi 1948.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: art history; biography; definition; poetry
Translated by: Roger Travis on 4 October 2000@12:50:21.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Added headword, raised status) on 18 June 2001@01:48:13.
Catharine Roth (added note and link) on 19 June 2001@21:25:11.
David Whitehead (added x-ref; cosmetics) on 10 February 2003@09:26:43.
David Whitehead on 1 August 2011@08:27:44.

Headword: Aglauros
Adler number: alpha,268
Translated headword: Aglauros, Aglaurus
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
The daughter of Kekrops.[1] It is also a cult-name of Athena.
Greek Original:
Aglauros: hê thugatêr Kekropos. esti de kai epônumon Athênas.
Notes:
= Harpokration s.v.
Perseus Encyclopedia entry at web address 1.
[1] kappa 1272.
Reference:
OCD(4) s.v. (p.39)
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; mythology; religion; women
Translated by: Roger Travis on 4 October 2000@12:52:03.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added headwords, note, keywords) on 12 February 2001@05:25:12.
David Whitehead (x-ref; tweaks) on 20 July 2011@03:30:53.
Catharine Roth (fixed link) on 13 August 2013@22:46:06.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 30 July 2014@02:46:29.

Headword: Agnômones
Adler number: alpha,283
Translated headword: unpardoning, hard-hearted
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Those] of contrary opinion, merciless. Sophocles [writes]: "be ye not hard-hearted to Phoebus and to me."[1]
Greek Original:
Agnômones: enantiognômones, asungnôstoi. Sophoklês: Phoibôi te kamoi mê genêsth' agnômones.
Notes:
The headword, nominative plural, is extracted from the quotation given.
[1] Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 86 (Oedipus is addressing the Eumenides), with glosses from the scholia there. See web address 1.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; mythology; religion; tragedy
Translated by: Roger Travis on 23 October 2000@13:20:23.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added keyword; cosmetics) on 29 April 2002@06:10:04.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 5 January 2012@07:28:06.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation, added a link) on 15 September 2024@23:59:42.

Headword: Agora
Adler number: alpha,299
Translated headword: agora, assembly, market-place
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] the [sc. place of] assembly, whence Nestor [is] an a)gorhth/s ['agora-man'];[1] also the place where the wares are sold, and the wares themselves.
Greek Original:
Agora: hê ekklêsia, hothen ho Nestôr agorêtês: kai ho topos, entha piprasketai ta ônia, kai auta ta ônia.
Notes:
From the scholia to Aristophanes, Acharnians 21, where the phrase 'in the agora' occurs (web address 1).
For the various senses of a)gora/, see LSJ entry at web address 2.
[1] Homer uses this term of Nestor at Iliad 1.248 etc.; see also Aristophanes, Clouds 1057; and cf. alpha 313.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: comedy; daily life; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; economics; epic; mythology
Translated by: Catharine Roth on 2 February 2001@21:14:22.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 29 April 2002@07:02:00.
David Whitehead (more keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 5 January 2012@09:16:28.
Catharine Roth (cosmetics) on 5 January 2012@11:37:25.
David Whitehead on 9 April 2015@08:56:25.
Catharine Roth (tweaked link) on 9 April 2015@09:46:27.

Headword: Agora Kerkôpôn
Adler number: alpha,301
Translated headword: market of Kerkopes
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
They[1] were in Ephesus. Herakles bound them on the orders of Omphale, but he shrank from killing them since their mother begged him. The proverb is spoken in reference to ill-behaved and knavish people.
Greek Original:
Agora Kerkôpôn: houtoi en Ephesôi êsan, hous edêsen Hêraklês, Omphalês keleuousês: hous apokteinai êidesthê, tês mêtros deêtheisês. hê de paroimia eirêtai epi tôn kakoêthôn kai ponêrôn anthrôpôn.
Note:
[1] That is, the Kerkopes (for whom cf. e.g. kappa 1410); they were "a race of mischievous dwarfs connected by legend with Heracles" (LSJ s.v.). For the story see Apollodoros 2.6.3 (web address 1 below). For the phrase "market of Kerkopes" as meaning "knaves' market" see Diogenes Laertius 9.114; also Zenobius 1.5 and other paroemiographers.
Reference:
OCD(4) pp.1038-9 (s.v. Omphale)
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: daily life; definition; ethics; gender and sexuality; geography; mythology; proverbs; women; zoology
Translated by: William Hutton on 29 October 2000@23:02:14.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented note; added bibliography) on 30 October 2000@03:13:39.
Catharine Roth (Cosmetic.) on 2 February 2001@21:35:39.
David Whitehead (more keywords) on 9 October 2005@11:04:40.
David Whitehead (another keyword; tweaks and cosmetics) on 5 January 2012@09:24:07.
Catharine Roth (upgraded link) on 6 January 2012@01:12:04.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 30 July 2014@02:55:53.
David Whitehead (tr tweak) on 26 March 2021@04:16:00.

Headword: Agômenos
Adler number: alpha,326
Translated headword: envying
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Marveling at. But a)go/menos [means] being carried.
Greek Original:
Agômenos: thaumazomenos. Agomenos de pheromenos.
Notes:
Same material, according to Adler, in the Ambrosian Lexicon (344-345).
The primary headword a)gw/menos, a participle in the middle voice, occurs in Hesiod, Theogony 619 (of Ouranos and his offspring). The entry is concerned to distinguish between this, with omega as the second vowel, and the much more commonplace a)go/menos with omicron.
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; mythology; poetry
Translated by: Malcolm Heath on 17 June 1999@09:59:52.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Cosmetics, augmented note, raised status.) on 24 October 2000@11:52:04.
David Whitehead (modified headword and translation; augmented note and keywords; cosmetics) on 14 April 2004@08:16:28.
David Whitehead (another note) on 6 January 2012@06:08:30.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 17 June 2023@21:25:38.

Headword: Agrios
Adler number: alpha,359
Translated headword: Agrios, Agrius
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Proper name.[1]
Also [sc. attested is the adjective] agrios, [meaning] unsociable, not tame.
It is also used for an excess of evil.
Aelian [writes]: "he sent away the most savage of the bodyguards, took the woman, and defiled her by force as she was calling upon the goddess and lamenting."[2]
Also [sc. attested is the phrase] "Hades, savage craftsman".[3]
Greek Original:
Agrios: onoma kurion. kai Agrios, amiktos, anêmeros. legetai de kai epi kakias huperbolêi. Ailianos: aposteilas tous agriô- tatous tôn doruphorôn exêrpase tên gunaika kai pros bian êischune potniômenên kai thrênousan. kai, ho Haidês, dêmiourgos agrios.
Notes:
See also alpha 360.
[1] e.g. that of a Giant and of a Centaur in Greek mythology.
[2] Aelian fr. 52c Domingo-Forasté (part of fr. 49 Hercher), on Pythagoras, tyrant of Ephesus.
[3] Sophocles, Ajax 1035; again under delta 436.
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; gender and sexuality; military affairs; mythology; religion; tragedy; women
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 28 August 1998@16:42:37.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added headwords, note, keywords; cosmetics) on 13 February 2001@05:15:41.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 8 January 2012@08:40:04.
Catharine Roth (updated reference in note 2) on 29 January 2012@22:39:47.

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