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Headword: Lêma
Adler number: lambda,441
Translated headword: will
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Worth and courage. Spirit, profit.[1]
"For this child brings such will to light."[2]
And Aristophanes in Clouds [writes]: "he has a will which is not cowardly."[3] That is, daring. And elsewhere: "wild will."[4] That is, warlike thought. And elsewhere: "[she] has displayed another thought even more refined than the first!"[5] And elsewhere: "I will show myself courageous in will and watching oregano."[6] Meaning watching sharply.
Herodotus [writes]: "Artemisia went out with the army with will and courage, without any compulsion."[7]
[Aristophanes writes] regarding Euripides and Aeschylus: "both had courage which was not cowardly, minds not idle. One should expect Euripides on the one hand to say something refined and polished; and on the other Aeschylus, on the attack, to toss up great dust clouds of words, pulling up speeches root and branch."[8]
The [word] lh=mma written with two mus [means] "propositions" in Aristotle, which is to say, "inquiry." Inquiry is the cause of answering, which is that from which comes a syllogism; which is also called lh=mma. And [here is an example of] the proposition of a one-premise [syllogism]: for example, you breathe; therefore, you are alive. For what is omitted is clear: whatever breathes lives. Enthymemes are also similar, [such as] "they are worthy of punishment, for they are temple-robbers." What is omitted is that "those who are temple-robbers are worthy of punishment."[9]
Greek Original:
Lêma: axia kai andreia. phronêma, kerdos. toiouton gar ho pais hode lêma phaeinei. kai Aristophanês Nephelais: lêma men paresti tôide g' ouk atolmon. toutesti tolmêron. kai authis: lêma thourion. toutesti phronêma polemikon. kai authis: heteron au ti lêma touto kompsoteron et', ê to proteron anapephêne. kai authis: parexom' auton andreion to lêma kai blepont' origanon. anti tou bleponta drimu. Hêrodotos: hê de Artemisia hupo lêmatos kai andrêïês estrateueto, oudemiês eousês anankaiês. peri de Euripidou kai Aischulou: lêma d' ouk atolmon amphoin, oud' akinêtoi phrenes. prosdokan oun eikos esti, ton men Euripidên asteion ti lexai kai katerrinêmenon: Aischulon ton d' anaspônt' autopremnois tois logois empesonta suskedan pollas alindêthras epôn. to de dia tôn duo mm graphomenon lêmma, hai protaseis para Aristotelei, toutestin hê erôtêsis. hê gar erôtêsis aitia tês apokriseôs, hêtis estin, ex hês ho sullogismos: hên kai lêmma legousi. kai monolêmmatos protasis: hoion, anapneis: zêis ara. prodêlon gar to paraleleimmenon, to, pan to anapneon zêi. toiauta eisi kai ta enthumêmata, houtoi kolaseôs axioi: hierosuloi gar. pareitai gar to, tous hierosulous axious einai kolaseôs.
Notes:
cf. lambda 445. This entry mostly succeeds in distinguishing lh=ma and lh=mma; lambda 443 does less well.
[1] Same glossing, variously, in other lexica (and scholia). The gloss ke/rdos is more appropriate to lh=mma: see LSJ s.v.
[2] Quotation not identified by Adler: Callimachus, Hecale fr. 345 Pfeiffer.
[3] Aristophanes, Clouds 457-8, with scholion.
[4] Aristophanes, Knights 757, with scholion; cf. theta 419.
[5] Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 458-60.
[6] Aristophanes, Frogs 602-3, with scholion. Modern texts generally have "pare/cw 'mauto\n."
[7] Herodotus 7.99.1 (abbreviated).
[8] Aristophanes, Frogs 899-904; cf. alpha 1233, alpha 4234, alpha 4516, kappa 981. The lexicographer has inserted the names of Aeschylus and Euripides into the quotation.
[9] The discussion of lh/mmata is taken from Alexander of Aphrodisias, Commentaries on Aristotle's Topics 23.21, 36.18-9, 574.12-15.
Keywords: botany; children; comedy; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; historiography; history; imagery; law; military affairs; philosophy; poetry; politics; tragedy; women
Translated by: Matthew Farmer on 6 March 2008@15:53:17.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 7 March 2008@03:38:23.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 27 March 2011@09:04:23.
David Whitehead on 18 April 2013@04:21:07.
David Whitehead on 18 April 2013@04:25:26.
David Whitehead (another note) on 16 May 2016@11:14:21.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation) on 15 May 2020@23:27:33.
Catharine Roth (tweaks) on 16 May 2020@22:35:42.
Catharine Roth (more keywords) on 16 May 2020@22:44:44.

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