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Headword: Leixai
Adler number: lambda,367
Translated headword: lixae, camp-followers, sutlers
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
This is what soldiers used to be called.[1] "This was the category of laboring and camp-following fellows, which was outside of any regiment and used to pay no attention to either a tribune or a general, because people didn't know that they made their profit by any means, justly and unjustly. So being unhindered, they would think up every sort of evil, and would make use of any trickery in this direction. They were not up to either making warlike assault or taking it, as they had neither weapons nor trustworthiness. So they were forced to share their machinations with the soldiers, and demonstrate these machinations with them. That way they could receive the soldiers' aid, and use them as accomplices in their profitmaking and murdering. And everyone became greedy, and the whole army was filled up with scheming and cunning."[2] Hence also [sc. arises the term] "gluttony".[3]
Greek Original:
Leixai: houtôs ekalounto stratiôtai. touto d' ên to genos tôn ergastikôn kai parastrateuomenôn anthrôpôn, ho pasês taxeôs ektos huparchon oute chiliarchou logon oute stratêgou epoieito dia to mê ginôskesthai tôi kerdainein ek pantos tropou, dikaiôs kai adikôs. dioper aperispaston on pan genos epinoei kakias kai pasan eispheretai mêchanên pros touto to meros. hikanon d' huparchon oute pros tas polemikas epibolas oute pros tas kath' hautôn dia to mêth' hopla mête pistin echein anankazetai koinousthai tois stratiôtais kai sunapodeiknuein toutois tas epinoias, charin tou proslambanein tên ek toutôn epikourian, kai chrêsthai sunergois toutois kerdôn kai phonôn. kai egenonto pantes lichnoi, kai pan eplêrôthê to strateuma rhadiourgias kai ponêrias. hothen kai leixoura.
Notes:
The headword lei=cai, otherwise unparalleled in Greek writers, is a straight transliteration of the Latin lixae. See generally Lewis & Short, A Latin Dictionary s.v., with references.
[1] As the following excerpt outlines, the lixae were camp followers; according to Roth (1999:93ff), the lixae were sutlers (merchants to soliders) or military servants.
[2] Quotation (from a morally-loaded historical writer) unidentifiable. (Adler notes the 'rash' attribution to Polybius by 'Ursin[us], i.e. the scholar and antiquarian Fulvio Orsini [1529-1600].)
[3] This word appears to be repeated as the unglossed lemma of lambda 368 (q.v.). Adler notes that ms.F gives this final word of the present entry as leicouri/a, under which 'Reines. (= Thomas Reinesius of Gotha, 1587-1667) was tempted to see lurking the term luxuria; but the reading leicou/ra seems the more secure.
Reference:
Roth, Jonathan. 1999. The Logistics of the Roman Army at War (264 B.C.-A.D. 235) Leiden: Brill.
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; historiography; military affairs
Translated by: Nick Nicholas on 1 April 2009@08:19:49.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks) on 1 April 2009@10:01:55.
David Whitehead (more for note 3) on 1 April 2009@10:13:49.
David Whitehead on 17 April 2013@03:58:25.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation) on 30 April 2020@01:34:20.

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