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Headword: Kroisos
Adler number: kappa,2498
Translated headword: Croesus, Kroisos
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Croesus,] king of [the] Lydians, son of Alyattes. Previously it had been his lot to rule Adramytteion and the Theban plain;[1] but after his father had campaigned against Caria he sent around messages telling his [sons] to lead the army into Sardis, and among these was Croesus, who was the oldest of his sons. But he, so they say, was not able to, due to a lack of discipline, and had somehow incurred his father's displeasure. Wanting in this matter to be free of the blame and at a loss for a source of mercenaries to hire -- for they used hired [troops] -- he went to Alyattes,[2] who was the richest merchant of the Lydians, wanting to borrow money. He commanded him first to wait in front of the doors, while he bathed; then he answered Croesus' petition as follows: Alyattes has many sons; if he had to give all of them money, it would run out; so he would not give any to Croesus on request. Being unsuccessful with this man, Croesus went to search for money in Ephesus. And then he prayed to Artemis that if he could be king he would consecrate the merchant's whole house to her. A certain friend of Croesus was Iononos,[3] the son of Theocharides, who was very well-off. This man asked his father for gold, got it, and gave it to Croesus. Later Croesus became king and gave a wagon full of gold to Iononos, and he dedicated the house of the merchant to Artemis.
Greek Original:
Kroisos, Ludôn basileus, huios Aluattou: hos to proteron archein elachen Adramutteiou kai Thêbês pediou: strateusantos de tou patros autou epi Karian periêngeile tois heautou ton straton agein es Sardeis, en hois kai Kroisôi, hostis ên tôn autou presbutatos paidôn. ho de, hôs phasin, hupo akolasias ouch hoios te ên kai pôs diebeblêto pros ton patera. boulomenos de en tôide tôi ergôi apolusasthai tas aitias kai aporôn hopothen misthôsaito epikourous, misthôtois gar echrônto, êlthen epi Aluattên ton emporon plousiôtaton Ludôn onta, daneizesthai boulomenos. ho de auton prôton men anamenein ekeleuse pro tôn thurôn, achri lousêtai: meta de entunchanonti apokrinetai, hoti polloi paides eien Aluattêi, hois pasin ei deêsoi an to argurion didonai, ouk exarkesei, oukoun dounai deomenôi. Kroison de apotuchonta tanthrôpou es Epheson aphikesthai kata zêtêsin arguriou. kai tote men euxasthai têi Artemidi, ei basileuseie, ton oikon hapanta kathierôsai tou emporou. ên de tis Kroisôi philos Iônonos, huios Theocharidou, eu mala euporou. houtos edeêthê tou patros chrusiou kai tuchôn didôsi Kroisôi. ho de husteron basileus genomenos hamaxan autôi edôken mestên chrusiou kai ton oikon tou emporou têi Artemidi kathierôse.
Notes:
For Croesus see already kappa 2497, and again kappa 2499, kappa 2500. The present entry derives from Nicolaus of Damascus, FGrH 90 F65.
[1] cf. alpha 1423.
[2] So the transmitted text here, an obvious error. Nicolaus gives the name which has been displaced: Sadyattes.
[3] "An Ionian, called Pamphaes" (Nicolaus).
Keywords: biography; chronology; daily life; economics; ethics; geography; historiography; history; military affairs; religion; trade and manufacture
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 13 June 2000@17:09:51.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Altered wording in several places) on 13 June 2000@23:33:24.
David Whitehead (added notes, bibliography, keywords; cosmetics) on 25 May 2001@07:17:57.
David Whitehead (more keywords) on 20 November 2005@10:42:21.
David Whitehead (more keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 19 May 2008@10:24:20.
David Whitehead (tweaking) on 18 March 2013@08:20:57.

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