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Headword: Ioudêth
Adler number: iota,430
Translated headword: Judith
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[It is said] that in the time of Xerxes, king of the Persians,[1] the Ethiopian kings rose up against the Persians, and when the king campaigned against them, the Jews looked to the revolt and, contemptuous of the king, went to Jerusalem. But when this man [i.e.. Xerxes] got the best of the Aethiopians he campaigned against the Jews, entrusting the war against them to Holophernes. While Holophernes was besieging Jerusalem, a certain woman named Judith feigned love for him; while he slept, at night she severed his head, and after impaling this atop the wall, she prepared to flee from the Persians. That is how the siege was lifted and the Jews released from their terror. But Nemesias, a priest of the Jews, spoke frankly to him [i.e. Xerxes] and persuaded him to make peace with [the Jews] and to allow them to rebuild Jerusalem, with Esdra as their leader.[2] But Julius Africanus claims that it was Nebuchadnezzar, a.k.a. Cambyses, who was killed by her.[3]
Greek Original:
Ioudêth: hoti epi Xerxou, tou basileôs Persôn, hoi tôn Aithiopôn basileis epanistantai Persais, kai tou basileôs kat' ekeinôn strateusantos, hoi Ioudaioi pros apostasin eidon kai kataphronêsantes autou epi tên Hierousalêm anêlthon. houtos de perigenomenos tôn Aithiopôn epi tous Ioudaious strateuei Holophernêi ton kat' autôn polemon epitrepsas. poliorkountos toinun Holophernou tên Hierousalêm, gunê tis, onoma Ioudêth, prospoiêsamenê tên philousan auton, hôs ekatheude, nuktos apetemen autou tên kephalên kai anaskolopisasa tautên epi tou teichous phugein pareskeuase tous Persas: houtô te tês poliorkias lutheisês apêllagêsan hoi Ioudaioi tou phobou. ho de tôn Ioudaiôn hiereus Nemesias parrêsian echôn pros auton epeisen auton eirênên speisasthai pros autous kai sunchôrêsai autois anaktisasthai tên Hierousalêm, Esdra proêgoumenou autôn. Ioulios de Aphrikanos legei, hoti Nabouchodonosor, ho kai Kambusês, anaireitai hup' autês.
Notes:
See also iota 431, omicron 210.
[1] See generally xi 54.
[2] Confused account from the Book of Judith: cf. iota 431, and see Catholic Encyclopedia entry at web address 1.
[3] Julius Africanus, Chronographia T75 (Wallraff et al.).
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; chronology; ethics; gender and sexuality; geography; historiography; history; military affairs; religion; women
Translated by: Ross Scaife ✝ on 29 October 2002@14:42:10.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (augmented note, added keywords) on 3 August 2003@13:37:39.
Catharine Roth (added cross-reference) on 3 August 2003@13:39:18.
David Whitehead (added x-ref; augmented keywords; cosmetics) on 4 August 2003@03:04:10.
David Whitehead (more x-refs) on 7 December 2009@06:28:59.
David Whitehead (tweaked tr; more keywords) on 13 January 2013@06:00:02.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 29 January 2015@09:44:46.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 26 April 2016@10:51:41.

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