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Headword: Idion
Adler number: iota,112
Translated headword: one's own, characteristic
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
This is of two kinds, either like the property of a part -- as when we say, it is the property of the foot to walk, for we do not say that walking is a property [of the foot] as if it did not need the whole (since it does need it), but that it is the property of this part in contrast to the other parts -- or that which does not need the whole for its existence, as if one said that the stickiness in an oil-water mixture is the property of the oil, or the the sweetness in the [wine-]honey is the property of the honey. So such a person speaks of the property not simply as [the property of] a part, but as not needing the whole for its existence; for the wine-honey mixture is not needed in order for sweetness to exist, but it is separable from the whole, for [sweeetness] is only in the honey.[1]
"And the Keltiberians have a characteristic in war: for when they see their foot-soldiers hard-pressed, they dismount beside them and leave their horses standing in a row. For having fitted pegs to the ends of the lead-reins of the horses, carefully making them fast they teach the horses to stand obediently in a row, until they come back and pull out the pegs".[2]
Greek Original:
Idion: touto ditton estin, eite hôs merous idion: hôs legomen idion tou podos to badizein: ou gar hôs mê deomenon tou holou legomen idion einai to badizein: deitai gar: all' hôs tou moriou toutou para ta alla moria idion on: ê to mê deomenon tou holou pros huparxin, hôs ei tis eipoi, hoti hê glischrotês hê en tôi hudrelaiôi idia esti tou elaiou, ê hê glukutês hê en tôi meliti idia esti tou melitos. legei oun ho toioutos to idion ouch haplôs hôs meros, all' hôs mê deomenon tou holou pros huparxin: ou gar deitai tou oinomelitos, hina sustêi hê glukutês, all' esti tou holou chôristê: esti gar en monôi tôi meliti. kai idion echousin hoi Keltibêres kata ton polemon: theôrountes gar tous par' autôn pezous piezomenous, parakatabantes apoleipousi tous hippous hestôtas en taxei. akrois gar tois agôgeusi tôn hippôn passaliskous mikrous apêrtêkotes epimelôs pêxantes peitharchein didaskousi tous hippous hestôtas en taxei, mechri anakampsantes anaspasôsi tous pattalous.
Notes:
[1] John Philoponus, Commentaries on Aristotle's de anima 47.10-18 Hayduck. For 'oil-water mixture', see chi 607; for honeyed wine, see alpha 3928.
[2] Polybius fr. 163 Büttner-Wobst; again more briefly at kappa 1306. Büttner-Wobst notes (535) that Valesius (Henri de Valois 1603-1676) attributed this fragment to Polybius. In support of the attribution, Walbank notes (753) that this fragment does indeed appear to be Polybian and that it then should fall within the account of the Celtiberian War (Polybius 35.1, web address 1).
References:
T. Büttner-Wobst, ed., Polybii Historiae, vol. IV, (Leipzig 1904)
F.W. Walbank, A Historical Commentary on Polybius, vol. III, (Oxford 1979)
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; food; geography; historiography; military affairs; philosophy; science and technology; zoology
Translated by: Catharine Roth on 20 May 2006@23:09:01.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords) on 21 May 2006@04:55:35.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 9 January 2013@03:56:13.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 9 September 2014@18:42:35.
Ronald Allen (expanded n.2, added bibliography) on 9 October 2018@20:50:23.

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