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Headword: *sumfora/
Adler number: sigma,1408
Translated headword: chance occurrence, fortune (good or bad), mishap
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
It is [one] of the intermediates.[1] For this reason Simonides says, "Drink, drink at our fortune." Some say, Drink, drink at [our] good things.[2] But 'fortune' indicates both the good and the bad. Hence [Aristophanes in a later passage] says "at our good fortunes." And in saying this he did not let people think [he meant] evil.[3]
And Sophocles says: "judging first in the chance circumstances of life," meaning in the coincidences of life.[4]
And elsewhere: "o the wretched fortunes of my life! Alas alas for my agonizing wounds."[5]
Greek Original:
*sumfora/: tw=n me/swn e)sti/. dio\ le/gei *simwni/dhs: pi=ne, pi=n' e)pi\ sumfora=|. oi( de\ le/gousi, pi=ne, pi=n' e)p' e)sqloi=s. dhloi= de\ h( sumfora\ kai\ to\ kalo\n kai\ to\ kako/n. dio\ le/gei, e)pi\ sumforai=sin a)gaqai=s. kai\ tou=to ei)pw\n ou)k ei)/asen e)pi\ tou= kakou= noei=sqai. *sofoklh=s de/ fhsin: e)/n te sumforai=s bi/ou prw=ton kri/nontes. a)nti\ tou= e)n tai=s biwtikai=s suntuxi/ais. kai\ au)=qis: w)= sumfora\ ta/laina tw=n e)mw=n kakw=n. i)w\ i)w\ trauma/twn e)pwdu/nwn.
Notes:
For the headword see already sigma 1407, and again sigma 1409. The present entry is in three parts (the first subdivided), indicated in notes 2-5 below.
[1] i.e. words implying neither good nor evil.
[2] From the scholia to Aristophanes, Knights 405-406, where the phrase "drink, drink at [our] fortunes (sic: plural)" is quoted. This is a fragment (7.1 Page PMG) from Simonides' Odes on Four-horse chariots.
[3] Aristophanes, Knights 655, with scholion.
[4] Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus 33-4 (but here slightly misquoted, as the word prw=ton should come first), with scholion.
[5] Lamachus in Aristophanes, Acharnians 1204-5 (cf. iota 454).
Keywords: comedy; daily life; definition; ethics; food; medicine; poetry; tragedy
Translated by: Robert Dyer on 17 May 2000@07:13:40.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 12 September 2002@10:16:31.
David Whitehead (augmented note) on 12 September 2002@10:25:38.
David Whitehead (rearranged and expanded notes; more keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 2 January 2014@09:10:36.
David Whitehead (coding) on 27 May 2016@03:46:01.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation, cosmeticule) on 6 May 2022@00:48:33.

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