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Headword: *deili/a
Adler number: delta,316
Translated headword: cowardice
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] fear.[1]
Cowardice is a vice of deficiency with regard to these certain feelings, the opposite of courage and boldness. And in accordance with being a vice it is also a lack of harmony; with regard to feelings, it is the opposite of courage, but in accordance with the fact that it is a deficiency concerning these things, [it is the opposite] of boldness; for cowardice is not the opposite of boldness in accordance with being a vice. For along with that, it has a share of this; neither [is it the opposite] of courage in accordance with the fact that it is a deficiency according to these things: for deficiency regarding these things is not the opposite of the mean concerning the same things.
Greek Original:
*deili/a: o( fo/bos. deili/a e)sti\ kaki/a e)n e)ndei/a| th=| peri\ ta/de tina\ ta\ pa/qh, e)nanti/a th=| a)ndrei/a| kai\ th=| qrasu/thti. kai\ kata\ me\n to\ kaki/a ei)=nai kai\ a)summetri/a: peri\ de\ ta\ pa/qh, e)nanti/a e)sti\ th=| a)ndrei/a|, kata\ de\ to\ e)ndei/a| peri\ ta/de ei)=nai, th=| qrasu/thti: ou)/te ga\r th=| qrasu/thti e)nanti/a h( deili/a kata\ to\ kaki/a ei)=nai koinwnei= ga\r au)th=| tou/tou: ou)/te th=| a)ndrei/a| kata\ to\ e)/ndeia ei)=nai kata\ ta/de: ou) ga/r e)stin e)nanti/on to\ peri\ ta/de e)ndee\s tw=| peri\ ta\ au)ta\ me/sw|.
Notes:
cf. generally delta 314, delta 315, delta 317.
The bulk of this entry (after the primary gloss) is taken from Alexander of Aphrodisias, Commentaries on Aristotle's Topica 99.8-15 Wallies. The general line of thought behind this explanation of cowardice is that of vices being excesses or deficiencies with respect to a virtuous mean; cf. Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 2.7.2 and 2.8.2-8.
[1] Likewise elsewhere.
Keywords: definition; ethics; philosophy
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 28 March 2005@13:07:46.
Vetted by:
Antonella Ippolito (added reference in notes) on 28 March 2005@17:20:51.
David Whitehead (x-refs; cosmetics) on 29 March 2005@01:43:08.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 18 November 2005@10:09:07.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 19 June 2012@08:00:22.
David Whitehead on 11 October 2015@09:28:22.

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