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Headword:
*)aba/nteios
Adler number: alpha,15
Translated headword: Abanteios, Abantius, Abantian
Vetting Status: high
Translation: The [house][1] of Abas.[2] Also [attested is] Abantiades.[3]
Greek Original:*)aba/nteios: o( tou= *)/abantos. kai\ *)abantia/dhs.
Notes:
Adler cites as a comparandum
Lexicon Ambrosianum 22, 23, 28.
[1] This suppletion is suggested by the corresponding entry in the
Lexicon of pseudo-
Zonaras 5.1, which is identical to this entry apart from the headword phrase: vs.
*)aba/nteios here, ps.-
Zonaras has
*)aba/nteios do/mos ('Abantian house'). The headword here could serve as a modifier for any substantive of the masculine gender, including a son or descendant, as is suggested by the subsequent reference to a patronymic form. The adjective is unattested outside of grammars and lexica, and ps.-
Zonaras provides the only example of it modifying a specific substantive.
Stephanus of
Byzantium in his entry on 'Abantis', an early name for Euboea (cf. Hesiod fr. 296 Merkelbach-West), notes it as the possessive adjective relating to the Abantes or to their legendary founder Abas, whom
Stephanos identifies either as the son of Lynkeus (see note 2 below) or a homonymous son of Poseidon. Cf. also
Herodianus Peri orthographias 3.2.429.34 and 465.14.
[2] Not the Abas of
alpha 20, but one of the mythological figures of that name; in fact almost certainly A. the son of Lynkeus, king of Argos [
Myth,
Place] after Danaos and father of the twins Akrisios and Proitos (
Pausanias 2.16.2 (web address 1);
Apollodorus,
Library 2.2.1 (web address 2)).
[3] This term is used by (e.g.) Ovid both for an actual son of Abas (
Metamorphoses 4.607 (Acrisius): web address 3) and in the sense of a more distant descendant (4.673 (Perseus, great-grandson of Abas; cf.
pi 1372): web address 4).
Web address 1,
Web address 2,
Web address 3,
Web address 4
Keywords: biography; dialects, grammar, and etymology; geography; mythology; poetry
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 22 August 1998@12:47:27.
Vetted by:William Hutton (Entered headword, modified note, added keywords, raised status) on 18 January 2001@09:34:40.
David Whitehead (augmented and modified note; added keyword) on 27 February 2003@07:23:08.
David Whitehead (tweaked tr; augmented notes and keywords; raised status) on 23 August 2007@07:12:31.
William Hutton (augmented notes, tweaked translation) on 23 August 2007@13:11:02.
William Hutton (tweaks and typos) on 24 August 2007@02:44:20.
Jennifer Benedict (cosmetics) on 24 March 2008@23:38:57.
Catharine Roth (upgraded links) on 5 August 2013@01:08:34.
Headword:
*)/abaris
Adler number: alpha,18
Translated headword: Abaris, Avars
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Scythian, son of Seuthes. He wrote the so-called Scythinian Oracles[1] and Marriage of the river Hebros and Purifications and a Theogony in prose and Arrival of Apollo among the Hyperboreans in meter. He came from Scythia to Greece.
The legendary arrow belongs to him, the one he flew on from Greece to Hyperborean Scythia. It was given to him by Apollo.[2]
Gregory the Theologian mentioned this man in his Epitaphios for Basil the Great.[3]
They say[4] that once, when there was a plague throughout the entire inhabited world, Apollo told the Greeks and barbarians who had come to consult his oracle that the Athenian people should make prayers on behalf of all of them. So, many peoples sent ambassadors to them, and Abaris, they say, came as ambassador of the Hyperboreans in the third Olympiad.[5]
[Note] that the Bulgarians thoroughly destroyed the Avars[6] by force.
[Note] that these Avars drove out the Sabinorians, when they themselves had been expelled by peoples living near the shore of the Ocean, who left their own land when a mist formed in the flood of the Ocean and a crowd of griffins appeared; the story was that they would not stop until they had devoured the race of men. So the people driven away by these monsters invaded their neighbors. As the invaders were stronger, the others submitted and left, just as the Saragurians, when they were driven out, went to the Akatziri Huns.[7]
The declension is Abaris, Abaridos [genitive singular], Abaridas [accusative plural], and with apocope Abaris [nominative plural].
See about these things under 'Bulgarians'.[8]
Greek Original:*)/abaris: *sku/qhs, *seu/qou ui(o/s. sunegra/yato de\ xrhsmou\s tou\s kaloume/nous *skuqinou\s kai\ *ga/mon *(/ebrou tou= potamou= kai\ *kaqarmou\s kai\ *qeogoni/an kataloga/dhn kai\ *)apo/llwnos a)/ficin ei)s *(uperbore/ous e)mme/trws. h(=ke de\ e)k *skuqw=n ei)s *(ella/da. tou/tou o( muqologou/menos o)i+sto\s, tou= petome/nou a)po\ th=s *(ella/dos me/xri tw=n *(uperbore/wn *skuqw=n: e)do/qh de\ au)tw=| para\ tou= *)apo/llwnos. tou/tou kai\ *grhgo/rios o( *qeolo/gos e)n tw=| ei)s to\n me/gan *basi/leion *)epitafi/w| mnh/mhn pepoi/htai. fasi\ de\ o(/ti loimou= kata\ pa=san th\n oi)koume/nhn gegono/tos a)nei=len o( *)apo/llwn manteuome/nois *(/ellhsi kai\ barba/rois to\n *)aqhnai/wn dh=mon u(pe\r pa/ntwn eu)xa\s poih/sasqai. presbeuome/nwn de\ pollw=n e)qnw=n pro\s au)tou\s, kai\ *)/abarin e)c *(uperbore/wn presbeuth\n a)fike/sqai le/gousi kata\ th\n g# *)olumpia/da. o(/ti tou\s *)aba/ris oi( *bou/lgaroi kata\ kra/tos a)/rdhn h)fa/nisan. o(/ti oi( *)aba/ris ou(=toi e)ch/lasan *sabi/nwras, metana/stai geno/menoi u(po\ e)qnw=n oi)kou/ntwn me\n th\n parwkeani=tin a)kth/n, th\n de\ xw/ran a)polipo/ntwn dia\ to\ e)c a)naxu/sews tou= *)wkeanou= o(mixlw=des gino/menon, kai\ grupw=n de\ plh=qos a)nafane/n: o(/per h)=n lo/gos mh\ pro/teron pau/sasqai pri\n h)\ bora\n poih=sai to\ tw=n a)nqrw/pwn ge/nos. dio\ dh\ u(po\ tw=nde e)launo/menoi tw=n deinw=n toi=s plhsioxw/rois e)ne/ballon: kai\ tw=n e)pio/ntwn dunatwte/rwn o)/ntwn oi( th\n e)/fodon u(fista/menoi metani/stanto, w(/sper kai\ oi( *sara/gouroi e)laqe/ntes pro\s toi=s *)akati/rois *ou)/nnois e)ge/nonto. kli/netai de\ *)/abaris, *)aba/ridos, tou\s *)aba/ridas, kai\ kata\ a)pokoph\n *)aba/ris. zh/tei peri\ tw=n au)tw=n e)n tw=| *bou/lgaroi.
Notes:
See generally A.H. Griffiths in OCD(4) p.1: "legendary devotee of Apollo from the far north, a shamanistic missionary and saviour-figure like
Aristeas [
alpha 3900]". Adler credits this part of the entry to the
Epitome Onomatologi Hesychii Milesii.
[1] Or in one manuscript, 'Skythian'.
[2] Perhaps from a scholion on the passage about to be cited (so Adler). Cf.
Herodotos 4.36.1 (web address 1).
[3] Gregory of Nazianzus PG 36.524b.
[4] This material is from Harpokration s.v.
*)/abaris
[5] 768-765 BCE. Harpokration (see preceding note) cites Hippostratos (FGrH 568 F4) to this effect, but adds that there were later alternatives: the twenty-first Olympiad (696-693) or "the time of Croesus, king of
Lydia" (so
Pindar, fr.270 Snell-Maehler), i.e. c.560-546.
[6] The word used for the Avars here,
*)aba/ris, is a homograph for the name of the Hyperborean wise man Abaris, so this separate section on the Avars is included in this entry. There is no indication that the lexicographer sees any connection between the two topics.
[7]
Priscus fr.30 FHG (4.104), still 30 Bornmann. The final part reappears at
alpha 820 and
sigma 111.
[8]
beta 423.
RE Abaris (1) I.16-17
Macartney, C.A. "On the Greek Sources for the History of the Turks in the Sixth Century." BSOAS 11 (1944): 266-275
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; Christianity; dialects, grammar, and etymology; geography; historiography; history; mythology; philosophy; poetry; religion; rhetoric
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 21 August 1998@17:03:41.
Vetted by:William Hutton (Modified translation and notes, added keywords, set status.) on 19 January 2001@14:57:43.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and bibliography; cosmetics) on 9 February 2001@05:20:43.
David Whitehead (added note) on 14 February 2001@06:09:48.
Mihai Olteanu (The only thracian item concerning Abaris is his father's name. Everything else pledes for his sythian ('hyperborean') origin. This is why I suppose we deal here with a copist mistake, and I propose the emendation: ́Αβαρις: Σκύθης, *Σκύθου υἱός (for Σκύθης as mythological character, see for example Herodotos 4,10).) on 22 January 2002@21:55:20.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 23 January 2002@03:11:25.
David Whitehead (augmented n.6 and added a keyword) on 5 October 2004@03:21:13.
William Hutton (augmented notes, added link and keywords, set status) on 24 August 2007@11:05:00.
Jennifer Benedict (cosmeticule) on 25 March 2008@00:16:43.
David Whitehead (another note; cosmetics) on 28 March 2014@06:23:27.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 29 July 2014@12:06:21.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 31 January 2015@09:22:24.
Headword:
*)abarni/s
Adler number: alpha,19
Translated headword: Abarnis
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Name of a city.
Greek Original:*)abarni/s: o)/noma po/lews.
Notes:
Same entry, according to Adler, in the
Ambrosian Lexicon (74), and cf. more generally the
scholia to Apollonius Rhodius,
Argonautica 1.932 (where the genitive case occurs), on which see further below.
Abarnis lay on the southern shore of the Propontis (Sea of Marmara), between
Parion and
Lampsakos; Barrington Atlas map 51 grid H4. According to
Stephanus of
Byzantium s.v.
*)/abarnos (sic), Abarnos and Aparnis were also attested versions of its name.
A scholium to Apollonius Rhodius,
Argonautica 1.932 (repeated in more legible form in
Etymologicum Magnum 2.11-28) provides an etymological explanation of the origin of the name in Aphrodite's refusal (
a)parnh/sasqai) to recognize her offspring Priapos, who was born in the region.
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 22 August 1998@12:55:54.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*(abro/s
Adler number: alpha,87
Translated headword: delicate
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] bright, delicate, tender.[1]
In the Epigrams: "a cicada sat above a cithara delicately murmuring."[2]
"All the same that fellow is dainty and delicate and weakened by the softness of his body and depraved and with his hair done up like the most licentious little courtesans. And when he goes in to see the king his face and his curly hair are always delicately dripping [with perfume], and he takes as much money from the communal difficulties as would satisfy even the legendary Midas."[3]
Greek Original:*(abro/s: lampro\s, trufero\s, a(palo/s. e)n *)epigra/mmasin: a(bro\n e)pitru/zwn kiqa/ras u(/per e(/zeto te/ttic. o(/mws de\ o( trufero\s e)kei=nos kai\ a(bro\s kai\ u(po\ malaki/as tou= sw/matos kateagw\s kai\ lelugisme/nos kai\ ta/s te ko/mas a)nadou/menos, w(/sper ai( tw=n e(tairi/dwn a)selge/sterai, kai\ a(brostage\s e)/xwn a)ei\ to\ me/twpon kai\ tou\s bostru/xous, labw\n xrusi/on e)k tw=n koinw=n sumforw=n, o(/son i(kano\n h)=n e)mplh=sai kai\ to\n e)k tou= mu/qou *mi/dan, ei)se/rrei pro\s to\n basile/a.
Notes:
Keywords: biography; clothing; daily life; definition; ethics; gender and sexuality; historiography; imagery; mythology; poetry; women; zoology
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:39:27.
Vetted by:William Hutton (Modified translation, cosmetics, augmented note, set keywords and status) on 2 February 2001@12:21:50.
David Whitehead (added note and keyword; cosmetics) on 9 February 2001@06:35:10.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 3 January 2006@10:26:40.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 21 December 2011@04:35:18.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticule) on 22 December 2011@19:16:16.
David Whitehead on 16 August 2013@07:18:56.
David Whitehead (another x-ref) on 17 January 2014@04:31:02.
Ronald Allen (augmented n.2, added cross-references) on 24 July 2023@19:24:42.
Ronald Allen (typo n.2, corrected cross-reference) on 28 July 2023@11:23:53.
Headword:
*)agakleito/s
Adler number: alpha,127
Translated headword: celebrated, very famous
Vetting Status: high
Translation: He who has an exceedingly fine reputation.[1] And [sc. attested is the feminine] agakleith.[2]
Greek Original:*)agakleito/s: o( a)/gan e)/ndocos. kai\ *)agakleith/.
Notes:
Epic & tragic adjective: LSJ entry at web address 1.
[1] Same glossing, according to Adler, in the
Ambrosian Lexicon (130); see also
Hesychius s.v.
a)ga/kleitoi, and the
scholia to
Homer,
Iliad 3.59.
[2]
Homer,
Iliad 18.45 (of the Nereid Galateia).
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; mythology; tragedy
Translated by: William Hutton on 1 April 2001@01:00:32.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)aga/lmata
Adler number: alpha,133
Translated headword: delights, ornaments, statues
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] the likenesses of the gods, and anything that is decorative in some way.
Homer [writes]: "but it is stored away as a delight for the king."[1] And Hesiod calls a necklace an "ornament";[2] but
Pindar uses this term for the decoration on a tomb,[3] and
Euripides uses it for the adornments for corpses.[4]
Also something in which someone takes delight.[5]
Also [sc. a term for] image, wooden statue, delight, beauty, ornament, source of pride, palm leaves,[6] [human] statues, [honorific?] inscriptions.
Paintings and [human] statues are also called
agalmata.[7]
agalmation [is] the diminutive form.
*)aga/lmata: ta\ tw=n qew=n mimh/mata, kai\ pa/nta ta\ ko/smou tino\s mete/xonta. *(/omhros: basilh=i+ de\ kei=tai a)/galma. kai\ *(hsi/odos to\n o(/rmon a)/galma kalei=: *pi/ndaros de\ th\n e)pi\ ta/fou sth/lhn ou(/tw kalei=, *eu)ripi/dhs to\n e)pi\ nekroi=s ko/smon. kai\ e)f' w(=| tis a)ga/lletai. kai\ to\ ei)/dwlon, bre/tas, xa/rma, kallonh\, ko/smos, kau/xhma, qalloi\, a)ndria/ntes, e)pigrafai/. *)aga/lmata de\ kai\ ta\s grafa\s kai\ tou\s a)ndria/ntas le/gousin. *)agalma/tion de\ u(pokoristikw=s.
Notes:
The (neuter) headword is the plural of
alpha 131 (and cf.
alpha 132). It is perhaps, though not necessarily, quoted from somewhere.
[1]
Homer,
Iliad 4.144 (web address 1), on an ivory cheek-piece for a horse.
[2] This fragment of Hesiod (142 Merkelbach-West, 233 Rzach) is not known from any other source. It may pertain to the story of Europa in the
Catalogue of Women.
[3]
Pindar,
Nemean Odes 10.125 (67 Bowra): web address 2.
[4]
Euripides,
Alcestis 613: web address 3.
[5] Already at
alpha 131.
[6] Used as prizes for victors in competition.
[7] Same material in
Photius (Lexicon alpha92 Theodoridis) and elsewhere; cf. Kassel-Austin, PCG II p.365 (on
Antiphanes fr.102).
Web address 1,
Web address 2,
Web address 3
Keywords: art history; athletics; comedy; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; mythology; poetry; religion; trade and manufacture; tragedy
Translated by: William Hutton on 12 January 1999@12:39:04.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)/agamai
kardi/as
Adler number: alpha,138
Translated headword: I admire at heart
Vetting Status: high
Translation: An Atticism, meaning I marvel [at].[1]
Aelian [writes]: "since, also, the [behaviour? remark?] of Menelaus to Paris the son of Priam I neither praise nor admire."[2]
"Personally I admire these men as well, and the Acarnanian most of all above these men. For he was eager to share with his men the things that he recognized they were going to suffer."[3]
*)/agamai kardi/as: *)attikw=s, a)nti\ tou= qauma/zw. *ai)liano/s: e)pei\ kai\ th\n tou= *mene/lew pro\s to\n tou= *pria/mou *pa/rin ou)/te e)painw= ou)/te a)/gamai. e)gw\ de\ a)/gamai kai\ tou/sde tou\s a)/ndras: to\n de\ *)akarna=na me/giston kai\ pro\ tou/twn. a(\ ga\r peisome/nous e)gi/nwske, tou/twn e)pequ/mhse toi=s a)ndra/si koinwnh=sai.
Notes:
[1] The headword phrase occurs at
Aristophanes,
Acharnians 489 (web address 1). For the comment, cf.
Timaeus,
Platonic Lexicon s.v.
a)/gami.
[2]
Aelian fr.125b Domingo-Forasté (122 Hercher). The allusion is presumably to something in
Homer,
Iliad 3 (where Menelaus and Paris fight a duel).
[3]
Philostratus,
Life of Apollonius of Tyana 4.23; again (in part) at
alpha 805.
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; comedy; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; mythology
Translated by: William Hutton on 28 March 2000@00:16:18.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)agame/mnwn
Adler number: alpha,140
Translated headword: Agamemnon
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Genitive] *a)game/mnonos and [vocative] w)= *a)ga/memnon.[1] Also [sc. attested is] "Agamemnonian house", and "Agamemnonian ship".[2]
Greek Original:*)agame/mnwn: *)agame/mnonos kai\ w)= *)aga/memnon. kai\ *)agamemno/neios oi)=kos, kai\ *)agamemnonei/a nau=s.
Notes:
[1] For Agamemnon, son of Atreus, see generally OCD(4) s.v. (pp.34-5).
[2] These two phrases -- neither of them attested outside lexicography -- illustrate the masculine and feminine forms (respectively) of an adjective deriving from the name of Agamemnon.
Keywords: dialects, grammar, and etymology; mythology
Translated by: William Hutton on 28 March 2000@00:39:03.
Vetted by:Ross Scaife ✝ (raised vetting status) on 26 September 2000@13:57:58.
David Whitehead (modified translattion and notes; added keyword; cosmetics) on 25 April 2002@04:19:50.
David Whitehead (betacoding and other cosmetics) on 23 December 2011@05:14:16.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 29 July 2014@12:38:57.
Headword:
*)agamh/dhs
Adler number: alpha,142
Translated headword: Agamedes
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Proper name.[1] Also [sc. attested is] a feminine form Agamede.[2]
Greek Original:*)agamh/dhs: o)/noma ku/rion. kai\ qhluko\n *)agamh/dh.
Notes:
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; geography; mythology; women
Translated by: William Hutton on 21 August 1998@16:38:34.
Vetted by:David Whitehead (added headword and keywords; cosmetics) on 9 February 2001@10:47:42.
David Whitehead (added note and another keyword) on 15 June 2004@04:26:28.
David Whitehead (another note; more keywords; cosmetic) on 1 August 2011@08:10:21.
Headword:
*)aga/stonos
Adler number: alpha,171
Translated headword: much-groaning
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] copiously moaning.
Greek Original:*)aga/stonos: poluste/naktos.
Notes:
Same or similar entries in other lexica; references at
Photius alpha128 Theodoridis.
The headword adjective is used of Poseidon's wife Amphitrite (personifying the sea) in
Homer,
Odyssey 12.97 (web address 1), and in the
Homeric Hymn (3) to Apollo 94 (web address 2); it is also attested in a general sense at
Aeschylus,
Seven against Thebes 99 (web address 3).
Web address 1,
Web address 2,
Web address 3
Keywords: definition; epic; imagery; mythology; poetry; tragedy
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 4 June 1999@14:50:49.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)age/laos
Adler number: alpha,182
Translated headword: Agelaos, Agelaus
Vetting Status: high
Translation: A proper name.
Greek Original:*)age/laos: o)/noma ku/rion.
Note:
The name of various mythological figures; also of two minor warriors in
Homer (
Iliad 8.257, 11.302).
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 7 June 1999@11:34:15.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)agelei/h
Adler number: alpha,190
Translated headword: Ageleie, Booty-driver
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [An epithet of] Athena.[1]
From the [fact of her] "driving booty", [a)/gein lei/an]; that is, as a soldier.[2]
Greek Original:*)agelei/h: h( *)aqhna=. a)po\ tou= a)/gein lei/an: toute/sti stratiwtikh/.
Notes:
See already
alpha 185.
[1] Similarly glossed in the
Etymologicum Magnum (where the same etymology is found) and
Hesychius.
[2] This epic epithet is confined to Athena. The etymology "leader of the host" is also canvassed: see G.S. Kirk's note on
Homer,
Iliad 4.128, and M.L. West's on Hesiod
Theogony 318.
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 23 June 1999@13:24:33.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)age/rastos
Adler number: alpha,200
Translated headword: unrecompensed, unrewarded
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] lacking honor.
Greek Original:*)age/rastos: a)/timos.
Notes:
Likewise in other lexica, beginning with
Hesychius; references at
Photius alpha144 Theodoridis. The headword adjective is used (by Agamemnon of himself, if he be forced to give up Chryseis) in
Homer,
Iliad 1.119.
For the root-word
geras, see
gamma 186.
Translated by: William Hutton on 17 October 2000@02:39:02.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)aghno/rion
Adler number: alpha,222
Translated headword: Agenorion, Agenor-shrine
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Name of a place.
Greek Original:*)aghno/rion: o)/noma to/pou.
Notes:
In Arrian,
Anabasis 2.24.2: during Alexander the Great's siege of Tyre (332 BCE) the defenders attempt to rally at the Agenorion.
For Agenor cf.
alpha 223. But NB Bosworth ad loc.: 'This supposed Shrine of Agenor is nowhere else attested, and it may be
interpretatio Graeca, giving an established and familiar Greek name for an important Semitic sanctuary. Curt. iv.4.19 mentions Agenor as the founder of Tyre, and he had been solidly associated with Tyre in Greek mythology, figuring as the father of Europa, Cadmus, Cilix, and Phoenix [
Author,
Myth]'.
A.B. Bosworth, A Historical Commentary on Arrian's History of Alexander, i (Oxford 1980)
Keywords: definition; geography; historiography; history; military affairs; mythology; religion
Translated by: Nathan Greenberg ✝ on 19 November 1998@08:57:52.
Vetted by:David Whitehead (added note and keyword; cosmetics) on 11 February 2001@11:48:31.
David Whitehead (modified/augmented my erroneous note; augmented keywords; cosmetics) on 14 April 2004@06:00:43.
David Whitehead on 1 August 2011@08:16:33.
Headword:
*)agh/nwr
Adler number: alpha,223
Translated headword: manly, heroic
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] the very brave man, or [one] admirable in courage. It also indicates the overweening and arrogant one.[1] It is also a proper name [Agenor].[2]
From the [phrase] a)/gan th=| h)nore/h| ["too much with courage"], which is to exercise bravery.[3]
Greek Original:*)agh/nwr: o( a)/gan a)ndrei=os, h)\ a)gasto\s e)n a)ndrei/a|. shmai/nei de\ kai\ to\n u(perh/fanon kai\ au)qa/dh. e)/sti de\ kai\ ku/rion o)/noma. para\ to\ a)/gan th=| h)nore/h| o(/ e)sti th=| a)ndrei/a| xrh=sqai.
Notes:
Same or similar material in other lexica (references at
Photius alpha166 Theodoridis), and also in the
scholia to
Homer,
Iliad 2.276.
[1] See already
alpha 221, and generally LSJ s.v. (web address 1)
[2] There are half a dozen mythological figures of this name, e.g. A. the father of Europa (on whom see OCD(4) s.v. (p.38), and under
alpha 222).
[3] =
Etymologicum Magnum 9.43.
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; mythology
Translated by: Nathan Greenberg ✝ on 19 November 1998@09:07:59.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)agkulomh/ths
kai\
*)agkulomh/tew.
kai\
*)agkulomh=tai
Adler number: alpha,253
Translated headword: crooked of counsel
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [a)gkulomh/ths] and a)gkulomh/tew.[1] Also [sc. attested is] a)gkulomh=tai: men of devious devices.[2]
Greek Original:*)agkulomh/ths kai\ *)agkulomh/tew. kai\ *)agkulomh=tai, oi( skolio/bouloi.
Notes:
Adler's headword -- here divided between headword and gloss -- consists of three declensional forms of the same word (used, in epic and other poetry, of Kronos, Prometheus and others): nominative singular, genitive singular, nominative plural. See web address 1 for the LSJ entry.
[1] cf.
Lexicon Ambrosianum 161.
[2] Same plural and gloss in other lexica; references at
Photius alpha188 Theodoridis.
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; imagery; mythology; poetry
Translated by: Roger Travis on 4 October 2000@11:42:02.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)aglaofw=n
Adler number: alpha,267
Translated headword: Aglaophon
Vetting Status: high
Translation: A proper name.
Greek Original:*)aglaofw=n: o)/noma ku/rion.
Note:
Pausanias (10.27.4, see web address 1) quotes an epigram of
Simonides, naming Aglaophon as the father of the painter Polygnotos. See also
pi 1948.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: art history; biography; definition; poetry
Translated by: Roger Travis on 4 October 2000@12:50:21.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)/aglauros
Adler number: alpha,268
Translated headword: Aglauros, Aglaurus
Vetting Status: high
Translation: The daughter of Kekrops.[1] It is also a cult-name of Athena.
Greek Original:*)/aglauros: h( quga/thr *ke/kropos. e)/sti de\ kai\ e)pw/numon *)aqhna=s.
Notes:
= Harpokration s.v.
Perseus Encyclopedia entry at web address 1.
[1]
kappa 1272.
OCD(4) s.v. (p.39)
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; mythology; religion; women
Translated by: Roger Travis on 4 October 2000@12:52:03.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)agnw/mones
Adler number: alpha,283
Translated headword: unpardoning
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Those] of contrary opinion, merciless.
Sophocles [writes]: "be ye not unpardoning to Phoebus and to me."[1]
*)agnw/mones: e)nantiognw/mones, a)su/ggnwstoi. *sofoklh=s: *foi/bw| te ka)moi\ mh\ ge/nhsq' a)gnw/mones.
Notes:
The headword, nominative plural, is extracted from the quotation given.
[1]
Sophocles,
Oedipus at Colonus 86 (Oedipus is addressing the Eumenides), with glosses from the
scholia there.
Translated by: Roger Travis on 23 October 2000@13:20:23.
Vetted by:David Whitehead (added keyword; cosmetics) on 29 April 2002@06:10:04.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 5 January 2012@07:28:06.
Headword:
*)agora/
Adler number: alpha,299
Translated headword: agora, assembly, market-place
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] the [sc. place of] assembly, whence Nestor [is] an
a)gorhth/s ['
agora-man'];[1] also the place where the wares are sold, and the wares themselves.
*)agora/: h( e)kklhsi/a, o(/qen o( *ne/stwr a)gorhth/s: kai\ o( to/pos, e)/nqa pipra/sketai ta\ w)/nia, kai\ au)ta\ ta\ w)/nia.
Notes:
From the
scholia to
Aristophanes,
Acharnians 21, where the phrase 'in the
agora' occurs (web address 1).
For the various senses of
a)gora/, see LSJ entry at web address 2.
[1]
Homer uses this term of Nestor at
Iliad 1.248 etc.; see also
Aristophanes,
Clouds 1057; and cf.
alpha 313.
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: comedy; daily life; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; economics; epic; mythology
Translated by: Catharine Roth on 2 February 2001@21:14:22.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)agora\
*kerkw/pwn
Adler number: alpha,301
Translated headword: market of Kerkopes
Vetting Status: high
Translation: They[1] were in
Ephesus. Herakles bound them on the orders of Omphale, but he shrank from killing them since their mother begged him. The proverb is spoken in reference to ill-behaved and knavish people.
*)agora\ *kerkw/pwn: ou(=toi e)n *)efe/sw| h)=san, ou(\s e)/dhsen *(hraklh=s, *)omfa/lhs keleuou/shs: ou(\s a)poktei=nai h)|de/sqh, th=s mhtro\s dehqei/shs. h( de\ paroimi/a ei)/rhtai e)pi\ tw=n kakoh/qwn kai\ ponhrw=n a)nqrw/pwn.
Note:
[1] That is, the Kerkopes (for whom cf. e.g.
kappa 1410); they were "a race of mischievous dwarfs connected by legend with Heracles" (LSJ s.v.). For the story see Apollodoros 2.6.3 (web address 1 below). For the phrase "market of Kerkopes" as meaning "knaves' market" see
Diogenes Laertius 9.114; also
Zenobius 1.5 and other paroemiographers.
OCD(4) pp.1038-9 (s.v. Omphale)
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: daily life; definition; ethics; gender and sexuality; geography; mythology; proverbs; women; zoology
Translated by: William Hutton on 29 October 2000@23:02:14.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)agw/menos
Adler number: alpha,326
Translated headword: envying
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Marveling at. But a)go/menos [means] being carried.
Greek Original:*)agw/menos: qaumazo/menos. *)ago/menos de\ fero/menos.
Notes:
Same material, according to Adler, in the Ambrosian Lexicon (344-345).
The primary headword a)gw/menos, a participle in the middle voice, occurs in Hesiod, Theogony 619 (of Ouranos and his offspring). The entry is concerned to distinguish between this, with omega as the second vowel, and the much more commonplace a)go/menos with omicron.
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; mythology; poetry
Translated by: Malcolm Heath on 17 June 1999@09:59:52.
Vetted by:William Hutton (Cosmetics, augmented note, raised status.) on 24 October 2000@11:52:04.
David Whitehead (modified headword and translation; augmented note and keywords; cosmetics) on 14 April 2004@08:16:28.
David Whitehead (another note) on 6 January 2012@06:08:30.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 17 June 2023@21:25:38.
Headword:
*)/agrios
Adler number: alpha,359
Translated headword: Agrios, Agrius
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Proper name.[1]
Also [sc. attested is the adjective]
agrios, [meaning] unsociable, not tame.
It is also used for an excess of evil.
Aelian [writes]: "he sent away the most savage of the bodyguards, took the woman, and defiled her by force as she was calling upon the goddess and lamenting."[2]
Also [sc. attested is the phrase] "Hades, savage craftsman".[3]
*)/agrios: o)/noma ku/rion. kai\ *)/agrios, a)/miktos, a)nh/meros. le/getai de\ kai\ e)pi\ kaki/as u(perbolh=|. *ai)liano/s: a)postei/las tou\s a)griw- ta/tous tw=n dorufo/rwn e)ch/rpase th\n gunai=ka kai\ pro\s bi/an h)/|sxune potniwme/nhn kai\ qrhnou=san. kai\, o( *(/a|dhs, dhmiourgo\s a)/grios.
Notes:
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; gender and sexuality; military affairs; mythology; religion; tragedy; women
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 28 August 1998@16:42:37.
Vetted by:David Whitehead (added headwords, note, keywords; cosmetics) on 13 February 2001@05:15:41.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 8 January 2012@08:40:04.
Catharine Roth (updated reference in note 2) on 29 January 2012@22:39:47.
Headword:
*)agxei/sios
Adler number: alpha,392
Translated headword: Anchisios, Anchisius
Vetting Status: high
Translation: The [son] of Anchises.
Greek Original:*)agxei/sios: o( tou= *)agxei/sou.
Note:
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; mythology
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 27 March 1999@18:12:00.
Vetted by:
Headword:
*)agxia/leia
Adler number: alpha,395
Translated headword: Anchialeia
Vetting Status: high
Translation: A city.[1]
Also [sc. attested is the related adjective]
a)gxi/alos ["coastal"], [meaning] the one[2] near the sea.
Not all 'coastal' cities are surrounded by sea. For example, Alexandria is coastal but not surrounded by sea, whereas islands are both coastal and surrounded by sea.
Sophocles [writes]: "son of Telamon and child of sea-girt
Salamis".[3]
And elsewhere: "a famous tomb holds godlike
Homer on a coastal cliff."[3]
*)agxia/leia: po/lis. kai\ *)agxi/alos, h( e)ggu\s th=s qala/sshs. ou) pa/ntws de\ ai( a)gxi/aloi kai\ a)mfi/aloi ei)si/n. oi(=a/ e)stin h( *)aleca/ndreia, a)gxi/alos me\n, ou)k a)mfi/alos de/: ai( de\ nh=soi kai\ a)gxi/aloi kai\ a)mfi/aloi/ ei)si. *sofoklh=s: *telamw/nie pai= th=s a)mfirru/tou *salami=nos. kai\ au)=qis: qei=on *(/omhron kleino\s e)p' a)gxia/lw| tu/mbos e)/xei skope/lw|.
Notes:
[1] On the coast of
Cilicia; the "Anchiale" of
alpha 396 (from
sigma 122) and
Stephanus of
Byzantium. Barrington Atlas map 66 grid F3.
[2] This definite article is feminine in the Greek, no doubt presupposing 'city'.
[3]
Sophocles,
Ajax 134-135.
[4]
Greek Anthology 7.4.1-2 (Paul the Silentiary), an epitaph for
Homer, buried according to legend on the island of Ios (Barrington Atlas map 61 grid A4).
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 27 March 1999@18:15:06.
Vetted by:David Whitehead (modified headword and translation; added note and keywords) on 13 February 2001@07:20:41.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 9 January 2012@05:35:45.
Ronald Allen (expanded n.4) on 11 August 2023@23:13:38.
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