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Headword: *sxe/dhn
Adler number: sigma,1770
Translated headword: at close quarters
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Meaning near at hand.[1]
"They were being harmed as a result of arrows [or: archers] and, as often at close quarters, they might have engaged."[2]
"He did not think it right to give himself up to someone fighting at close quarters and nearby, so as not to become a possession or booty-item of the enemy."[3]
Greek Original:
*sxe/dhn: a)nti\ tou= su/neggus. e)k toceuma/twn e)bla/ptonto kai\ o(/te sxe/dhn sumfe/rointo. sxe/dhn kai\ e)ggu\s maxome/nw| meqei=nai me\n au(to\n ou)k h)ci/wsen, w(s mh\ to\ kth=ma h)\ fo/rhma tou= polemi/ou ge/noito.
Notes:
The headword, a one-word adverb in the Greek, is registered by LSJ s.v. with the primary meaning gently, slowly (in Xenophon and elsewhere; however, LSJ's sense II, at close quarters, is the one required here and is illustrated by both of the quotations given. Besides LSJ, see Trapp, p. 1729, s.v. sxe/dhn, in der Nähe (in the vicinity).
[1] The gloss is also an adverb; cf. alpha 4528 (gloss), epsilon 585 (gloss), pi 2617 (end), and see generally LSJ s.v.
Other lexica supplying similar entries are Hesychius (sigma2968, s.v. sxedo/n) and Etymologicum Magnum 739.45 (Kallierges) (s.v. sxedo/n, near, hard by). This same alternative form appears at Homer, Iliad 3.15 (web address 1), where Alexandros/Paris challenges the best of the Argives to individual combat as soon as the Trojan and Achaean forces had drawn near; cf. the corresponding D scholion, which glosses sxedo/n as plhsi/on, e)ggu/s, close, nearby.
[2] Quotation (transmitted, in Adler's view, via the Excerpta Constantini Porphyrogeniti) unidentifiable. On the ambiguity of to/ceuma see LSJ s.v.
[3] Quotation (again, in Adler's view, transmitted via the Excerpta) likewise unidentifiable. In her critical apparatus Adler reports that mss FV read ga\r kai\, For while fighting at close quarters…; also that Bernhardy suggested replacing to\ with ti (anyone) or toi, (then, surely, verily).
Reference:
E. Trapp, ed., Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität, Faszikel 7 (prospe/lasis - tarixeutiko/s), Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2011
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; historiography; history; military affairs; mythology; poetry
Translated by: Ronald Allen on 23 June 2014@00:42:02.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation, upgraded link, coded titles, set status) on 23 June 2014@01:14:05.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics; raised status) on 23 June 2014@08:55:31.
David Whitehead (coding) on 27 May 2016@06:10:00.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticule) on 12 June 2022@01:19:22.

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