[Meaning] toilsome. The first [syllable] takes an acute accent.[1]
In reference to the body the acute accent falls on the antepenultimate: [as in] 'with a grievous sore'.[2] But in reference to the soul it is oxytone.
Also attested is [the phrase] 'troublesome water'.[3]
"We use the wicked and those who are born from the wicked for everything -- those whom, before now, the city would not have used randomly [and] readily even as scapegoats." That is, for the so-called expiatory sacrifices of a city.[4]
"Nothing troublesome, but just what Kallikon too [did]." This Kallikon betrayed Samos, though some [say it was] Miletos. [It is] as if he said, 'I am doing nothing wrong, but I am committing sacrilege'. For this Kallikon, who handed Miletos over to the Prienians, is famed for malignancy. Often, when people asked him what he intended to do, he would reply 'all good deeds'. So he is saying 'I do all good deeds, as Kallikon used to say'. Subsequently, however, he went into the house of a certain Theogenes to buy some meat. Theogenes told him to indicate where he wanted the piece to be cut from. When [Kallikon] stretched out his hand, [Theogenes] cut it off and said: 'with this hand you will not betray another city!' Callimachus, too, mentions it: 'but aren't you, Theogenes, the one who cut off Kallikon’s hand?' When Kallikon handed Miletos over to the enemy and someone asked asked why he did this, he answered: 'Kallikon [does] good deeds'.[5]
Aristophanes also says '[a man] of grievous stamp'. From [a metaphor of] forged money.[6]