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Headword: *fa/rmakon
Adler number: phi,103
Translated headword: drug, medicine, remedy, philtre, dye
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] consolation, conversation; it is said from bringing [fe/rein] the cure [a)/kesis]; but it is [sc. also] said from the flowers.[1]
Pharmakon is the name for what the Medes call naphtha, but the Greeks [call] the oil of Medea. "Filling a vessel with brimstone and bitumen and a drug which the Medes call naphtha [...]."[2]
And elsewhere: "there was pitch and brimstone and whatever drugs were able to stir up a big fire."[3]
Aristophanes [writes]: "not even if you had happened [to boil] the drug with which Lysicrates is blackened". [sc. This is said] because Lysicrates blackened his gray hair with a kind of dye.[4]
Greek Original:
*fa/rmakon: paramuqi/a, o(mili/a, ei)/rhtai de\ a)po\ tou= fe/rein th\n a)/kesin: ei)/rhtai de\ a)po\ tw=n a)nqe/wn. *fa/rmakon le/getai, o(/per *mh=doi me\n na/fqan kalou=sin, *(/ellhnes de\ *mhdei/as e)/laion. a)ggei=on de\ qei/ou te kai\ a)sfa/ltou e)mplhsa/menoi kai\ farma/kou, o(/per *mh=doi na/fqan kalou=si. kai\ au)=qis: pi/tta te h)=n kai\ qei=on kai\ o(/sa fa/r- maka dunata\ h)=n kinh=sai flo/ga pollh/n. *)aristofa/nhs: ou)d' a)\n ei) to\ fa/rmakon e)/tuxes, w(=| *lusikra/ths melai/netai. w(s tou= *lusikra/tous farma/kw| tini\ melai/nontos au)tou= ta\s polia/s.
Notes:
[1] Likewise in the Synagoge and Photius (where 'also' is explicit), similarly elsewhere. 'From the flowers' derives from the scholia on Homer, Iliad 4.191.
[2] Procopius, History of the Wars of Justinian 8.11.36; cf. mu 878 (end), nu 90.
[3] Quotation (transmitted, in Adler's view, via the Excerpta Constantini Porphyrogeniti) unidentifiable.
[4] A light abridgement -- omitting the participle e(/yous' -- of Aristophanes, Ecclesiazusae 735-736 (web address 1), with scholion; cf. lambda 860 for Lysicrates.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; clothing; comedy; daily life; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; geography; historiography; history; medicine; military affairs; science and technology
Translated by: Catharine Roth on 1 September 2011@01:23:30.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 1 September 2011@07:54:06.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticule, link) on 1 September 2011@11:42:41.
David Whitehead (augmented n.1; another keyword) on 4 December 2013@07:04:00.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 2 April 2014@20:12:48.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticule) on 11 January 2023@01:26:16.

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