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Headword: *xa/rmh
Adler number: chi,131
Translated headword: eagerness for battle, joy in battle
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] battle.
Greek Original:
*xa/rmh: ma/xh.
Notes:
= Apollonius Sophistes, Homeric Lexicon 167.10; Synagoge chi35; cf. Apion in Ludwich 102.27; Hesychius chi203 (where the second translation offered here for the headword receives explicit sanction), Etymologicum Magnum 807.23, and the scholia to Homer, Iliad 4.222 (where the headword appears: web address 1 below).
The headword, xa/rmh (A) in LSJ, is apparently derived from xai/rw ("to delight, enjoy"), like chi 130. It came to mean specifically eagerness for or enjoyment of fighting, as in Homer. Then, by metonymy, xa/rmh could substitute for "battle" itself (ma/xh). Latacz, followed by Chantraine, DELG s.v. xai/rw, insists that the original meaning is 'eagerness for battle' rather than 'enjoyment of' vel sim.
References:
Latacz, J. Zum Wortfeld 'Freude' in der Sprache Homers. Heidelberg: 1966
Ludwich, A. "Über die homerischen Glossen Apions," Philologus 75 (1919) 95‑103
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; military affairs
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 23 March 2008@12:34:49.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (set status) on 24 March 2008@00:03:39.
David Whitehead (tweaked and augmented note; another keyword) on 24 March 2008@04:46:06.
William Hutton (tweaked headword, augmented notes, set status) on 23 August 2013@11:55:51.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 23 August 2013@12:17:22.
David Whitehead (tweaked bibliography) on 8 November 2013@05:34:03.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 13 January 2015@23:34:05.
Catharine Roth (tweaked link) on 21 April 2023@19:16:48.

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