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Headword:
Abbakoum
Adler number: alpha,12
Translated headword: Habakkuk, Abbakoum, Avvakoum
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [A name meaning] father of awakening. For the [word] abba means father,[1] and koum means awakening.[2] So also in the Holy Gospel: "Talitha, koum," that is, "young girl, get up."[3] From which [it is] clear that Abbakoum must be written with double b.[4]
Greek Original:Abbakoum: patêr egerseôs. to men gar abba sêmainei patêr, to de koum egersis: hôs kai para tôi theiôi euangeliôi: talêtha, koum, êgoun hê pais egeirou. hothen dêlon, hoti dia tôn duo bb grapteon to Abbakoum.
Notes:
An etymology for the name of the prophet Habakkuk (in the
Septuagint, Ambakoum or Avvakoum), based on two Aramaic words found in the New Testament. The Suda is drawing from older onomastica; the same etymology is found in the Origenistic lexicon (see bibliography).
[1] See already
alpha 10. The Hebrew/Aramaic אבּא
abba means "father".
[2] The Hebrew/Aramaic קום
kūm means "arise"; it can also be used to mean "awake".
[3]
Mark 5:41 (web address 1); not in the other Gospels, but several times in patristic literature.
[4] The Suda is correct. The doubling of the בּ is indicated by its dot (dagesh); unlike Greek, Hebrew and Aramaic do not replicate doubled letters.
Reference:
Paul de Lagarde, Onomastica Sacra, p. 200, line 14-15
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: children; Christianity; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; gender and sexuality; imagery; religion; women
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 21 August 1998@16:59:43.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abasanistos
Adler number: alpha,21
Translated headword: untested
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning someone/something] unexercised or unexamined, unscrutinized. The word comes from the test of the goldsmith's stone, on which they scrutinize gold.[1]
Aelian in his
On Providence used the word 'untested' to mean 'without pain'.[2]
Greek Original:Abasanistos: agumnastos ê anexetastos, adokimastos. eirêtai de apo tês basanou tês chrusochoïkês lithou, en hêi dokimazousi to chrusion. echrêsato de Ailianos en tôi peri pronoias tôi abasanistos anti tou aneu odunês.
Notes:
=
Synagoge alpha4 (
Lexica Segueriana 3.14);
Photius,
Lexicon alpha30 Theodoridis; perhaps ultimately derived in part from
Phrynichus (
Praeparatio rhetorica fr. 39 de Borries); cf.
Hesychius alpha89 and a cluster of related entries:
alpha 2276,
Hesychius alpha4899,
Synagoge alpha589,
Photius alpha1845.
[1]
*ba/sanos can mean both the touchstone itself and the testing process. See
beta 139, and cf.
beta 137.
[2]
Aelian fr.9 Hercher (= 9 Domingo-Forasté). The version of the entry at
Synagoge alpha4 includes the information that this is from the third book of the work in question.
Keywords: athletics; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; imagery; law; philosophy; rhetoric; science and technology; trade and manufacture
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 22 August 1998@12:58:18.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abelterokokkux
Adler number: alpha,31
Translated headword: silly cuckoo
Vetting Status: high
Translation: The vacuous and silly man.[1]
Greek Original:Abelterokokkux: ho kenos kai abelteros.
Notes:
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: comedy; definition; ethics; imagery; zoology
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 23 August 1998@16:28:01.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abolêtôr
Adler number: alpha,59
Translated headword: meeter
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Or[1] a)/bolos ["un-shedder"], a donkey that has not yet shed its teeth, from which the animal's age is known. Similarly, a young animal that does not yet have its indicators.[2] An 'indicator' is what they call a tooth that falls out, by which they verify the age. These teeth are also called 'finished,' by a metaphor from the animals themselves. The a)pognw/mones are those who have grown old and lost their indicators. Also [sc. attested is the phrase] 'unshed foals',[3] those who have not yet lost teeth.
Greek Original:Abolêtôr kai Abolis. ê Abolos, onos ho mêdepô beblêkôs odontas, ex hou gnôrizetai hê hêlikia tou zôiou. ek de toutou ho neos oudepô gnômona echôn. gnômona de elegon ton ballomenon odonta, di' hou tas hêlikias exêtazon: ton de auton kai katêrtukota elegon, ek metaphoras tôn tetrapodôn. kai apognômonas tous apogegêrakotas, hois eleloipei to gnôrisma. kai Abolous pôlous, tous mêdepô beblêkotas odontas.
Notes:
[1] The entry has begun with two unglossed headwords,
a)bolh/twr ('one who meets': LSJ -- web address 1 below) and
a)/bolis (attested only here; not in LSJ).
[2]
gnw/mwn; cf.
gamma 347,
kappa 1061.
[3] Accusative plural, evidently quoted from somewhere.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; imagery; medicine; science and technology; zoology
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:11:01.
Vetted by:William Hutton (Modified headword and translation, augmented notes, added keywords, set status) on 30 January 2001@22:25:55.
David Whitehead (added note; cosmetics) on 23 April 2002@09:15:27.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 18 October 2005@05:37:54.
Jennifer Benedict (cosmetics, betacode) on 25 March 2008@11:23:51.
David Whitehead (modified headword; augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 25 March 2008@11:38:18.
Catharine Roth (cosmetics) on 24 August 2010@16:57:08.
David Whitehead (tweaks) on 19 December 2011@08:26:52.
Headword:
Abromios
Adler number: alpha,84
Translated headword: Bromios-less, Bromius-less
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] without wine.
"If I escape through the wave of destructive fire, I tell you I will drink for one hundred suns from dewy streams, Bromios-less[1] and wine-less." In the Epigrams.[2]
Greek Original:Abromios: chôris oinou. ên oloou dia kuma phugô puros, eis hekaton soi êelious droseran piomai ek libadôn, abromios kai aoinos. en Epigrammasin.
Notes:
The headword is presumably extracted from the epigram quoted, its only attestation outside lexicography.
[1] Bromios is a name frequently given to Dionysos (
delta 1185): see
beta 547.
[2]
Greek Anthology 6.291.3-5 (author unknown), the vow of a wine-loving woman, should her fever break; cf. Gow and Page (vol. I, 74-77),
mu 1022, and
sigma 955. This epigram appears twice in the
Anthologia Palatina (AP). In the first instance, it is attributed to Antipater of Thessalonica. But in the second instance (inserted after 9.164), and following redaction by the AP scribe designated C (
the Corrector), it is noted to be
a)de/spoton,
anonymous (ibid. and vol. II, 100-101)
References:
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: The Garland of Philip and Some Contemporary Epigrams, vol. I, (Cambridge, 1968)
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: The Garland of Philip and Some Contemporary Epigrams, vol. II, (Cambridge, 1968)
Keywords: definition; ethics; food; imagery; medicine; poetry; religion; women
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:37:23.
Vetted by:William Hutton (Modified headword and translation, added note and keywords, set status) on 1 February 2001@09:40:10.
David Whitehead (modified headword; tweaked translation; x-refs; cosmetics) on 3 January 2005@10:37:13.
David Whitehead (more keywords; tweaks) on 20 December 2011@04:12:25.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticule) on 21 December 2011@01:49:18.
David Whitehead (expanded primary note; cosmetics) on 2 April 2015@11:06:04.
Ronald Allen (expanded n.2, added bibliography, added cross-references, added keywords) on 23 October 2018@18:32:39.
Ronald Allen (typo n.2 second cross-reference) on 23 October 2018@18:40:26.
Ronald Allen (corrected epigram attribution in n.2, added bibliography entry) on 29 October 2018@13:29:47.
Headword:
Habros
Adler number: alpha,87
Translated headword: delicate
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] bright, delicate, tender.[1]
In the Epigrams: "a cicada sat above a cithara delicately murmuring."[2]
"All the same that fellow is dainty and delicate and weakened by the softness of his body and depraved and with his hair done up like the most licentious little courtesans. And when he goes in to see the king his face and his curly hair are always delicately dripping [with perfume], and he takes as much money from the communal circumstances as would satisfy even the legendary Midas."[3]
Greek Original:Habros: lampros, trupheros, hapalos. en Epigrammasin: habron epitruzôn kitharas huper hezeto tettix. homôs de ho trupheros ekeinos kai habros kai hupo malakias tou sômatos kateagôs kai lelugismenos kai tas te komas anadoumenos, hôsper hai tôn hetairidôn aselgesterai, kai habrostages echôn aei to metôpon kai tous bostruchous, labôn chrusion ek tôn koinôn sumphorôn, hoson hikanon ên emplêsai kai ton ek tou muthou Midan, eiserrei pros ton basilea.
Notes:
For this adjective see already
alpha 70,
alpha 73, and
alpha 86, and again
alpha 88.
[1] Same glossing in other lexica; references at
Photius alpha55 Theodoridis.
[2]
Greek Anthology 6.54.7 (Paulus Silentiarius). Find further extracts from this epigram, in which a cicada sustains the note from a broken string, at
alpha 2994,
kappa 2368,
lambda 73,
pi 670,
tau 877, and
omega 28.
[3] Attributed by Hemsterhuys to
Eunapius; again (in part) at
alpha 1860.
Keywords: biography; clothing; daily life; definition; ethics; gender and sexuality; historiography; imagery; mythology; poetry; women; zoology
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:39:27.
Vetted by:William Hutton (Modified translation, cosmetics, augmented note, set keywords and status) on 2 February 2001@12:21:50.
David Whitehead (added note and keyword; cosmetics) on 9 February 2001@06:35:10.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 3 January 2006@10:26:40.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 21 December 2011@04:35:18.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticule) on 22 December 2011@19:16:16.
David Whitehead on 16 August 2013@07:18:56.
David Whitehead (another x-ref) on 17 January 2014@04:31:02.
Ronald Allen (augmented n.2, added cross-references) on 24 July 2023@19:24:42.
Ronald Allen (typo n.2, corrected cross-reference) on 28 July 2023@11:23:53.
Catharine Roth (cross-reference) on 29 March 2024@23:08:01.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation) on 29 March 2024@23:17:26.
Headword:
Habroteron
Adler number: alpha,91
Translated headword: more delicately
Vetting Status: high
Translation: "But they behaved more delicately than them and were full of Sybaris."
Greek Original:Habroteron: all' habroteron autôn eichon kai Subaridos mestoi êsan.
Notes:
Keywords: dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; geography; imagery; rhetoric
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:42:22.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abudênon
epiphorêma
Adler number: alpha,100
Translated headword: Abydene dessert
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Whenever something unpleasant happens as a result of someone having shown up at the wrong time, we are accustomed to call it an "Abydene dessert." This is because the people of
Abydos,[1] whenever they entertain a fellow-citizen or a foreigner, bring their children around to be admired after the ointments and the crowns. Those in attendance are disturbed by both the nurses clamoring and the children screaming. Hence it has become customary to say the foregoing.[2]
Greek Original:Abudênon epiphorêma: hotan akairôs tinos epiphanentos aêdia tis êi, eiôthamen legein Abudênon epiphorêma. dia to tous Abudênous, hotan tina tôn politôn ê xenôn hestiôsi, meta to muron kai tous stephanous ta paidia peripherein philêthêsomena. tôn te tithênôn thorubousôn tôn te paidiôn kekragotôn enochleisthai tous parontas. aph' hou eithistai legein to prokeimenon.
Notes:
[1] A city on the Asiatic shore of the Hellespont: see
alpha 101.
[2] See also
Zenobius 1.1 and other paroemiographers. For a different explanation (involving taxes and harbor dues) see
Athenaeus,
Deipnosophists 14.641A [14.47 Kaibel], citing Aristeides,
On Proverbs.
Keywords: aetiology; children; dialects, grammar, and etymology; economics; ethics; food; geography; imagery; proverbs; women
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 25 August 1998@19:00:52.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abudos
Adler number: alpha,101
Translated headword: Abudos, Abydos, Abydus
Vetting Status: high
Translation: A city.[1]
The word is applied to an informant [sukofa/nths] because of the common belief that the people of Abudos were informers.[2]
Also [sc. attested is] an adverb, *)abudo/qi, [meaning] in Abudos.[3]
Also [sc. attested is the phrase] *a)/budon fluari/an ["Abudos nonsense"], [meaning] great [nonsense].[4]
And [sc. attested is] *)abudhno\s, [meaning] he [who comes] from Abudos.[5]
Greek Original:Abudos: polis. epi sukophantou tattetai hê lexis, dia to dokein sukophantas einai tous Abudênous. kai epirrêma, Abudothi, en Abudôi. kai Abudon phluarian, tên pollên. kai Abudênos, ho apo Abudou.
Notes:
[1] =
Lexicon Ambrosianum 82, according to Adler. In fact two cities of this name are known: one on the Asiatic shore of the Hellespont (Barrington Atlas map 51 grid G4; present-day Maltepe) and
Abydos/Ebot in Upper Egypt (Barrington Atlas map 77 grid F4); without much doubt, the former is meant here. (In
Hesychius alpha23 the gloss is fuller -- 'a Trojan city of the Hellespont'. Latte regards the entry as prompted by
Homer,
Iliad 2.836, accusative case, although similar wording appears in a late scholion to
Iliad 17.584, where the adverbial derivative
*)abudo/qi appears -- see n. 3 below). See also
alpha 100,
sigma 465, and generally OCD(4) s.v.
[2] = the first sentence of
Pausanias the Atticist alpha3 and
Photius alpha63 Theodoridis; cf. also
Zenobius 1.1, s.v.
*)abudhno\n e)pifo/rhma (
alpha 100), and Kassel-Austin, PCG III.2 p.376 on
Aristophanes fr. 755. See generally
sigma 1330,
sigma 1331,
sigma 1332.
[3] Probably from commentary to
Homer,
Iliad 17.584, the only literary attestation of this adverb prior to
Musaeus Grammaticus (5/6 CE); cf. Apollonius Dyscolus
On Adverbs 2.1.1.164.
[4] =
Synagoge Codex B alpha44, but in the better mss of
Photius (
Lexicon alpha64 Theodoridis) the adjective (in a nominative-case entry) is
a)/buqos ('bottomless'), surely correctly; cf.
alpha 104. The ultimate source may be
Plato,
Parmenides 130D, though there too the text is uncertain: perhaps
ei)/s tin' a)/buqon fluari/an (web address 1), though the alternatives include
ei)/s tina bu=qon fluari/as. On the adjective
a)/buqos, a synonym for
a)/bussos, see the LSJ entry at web address 2.
[5] There are many literary attestations of this form of the ethnic adjective (nominative singular masculine), beginning with
Herodotus 4.138. For an instance in the Suda see
pi 71.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: comedy; daily life; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; geography; imagery; law; philosophy; proverbs
Translated by: Elizabeth Vandiver on 21 November 1998@13:59:06.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abusson
Adler number: alpha,104
Translated headword: abyss
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] that which not even a deep [
buqo/s] can contain; but Ionians pronounce
buqo/s as
busso/s.[1]
From which also
bussodomeu/ein ["to build in the deep"] appears to be said,[2] from the verb
du/nw ["I sink"] [meaning] I enter upon secretly, with a change [of initial consonant] [giving]
bu/w,
bu/sw,
be/busmai,
be/busai, [and the nouns]
buso/s and
a)bu/ssos [meaning] where no-one enters because of its depth.[3]
Aristophanes in
Frogs [writes]: "for immediately you will come to a huge lake, an absolute abyss."[4] And he also uses the word in the neuter: "they shall not make peace while the measureless [
a)/busson] silver is with the goddess on the Acropolis." For 1,000 talents were stored on the Acropolis.[5]
"Abyss" is what the Holy Scripture calls the watery substance. So since the land is surrounded on all sides by waters [and] by great and small seas,
David naturally called this [i.e., abyss] the earth's surrounding garment.[6] Also, "abyss calls to abyss", the same prophet says,[7] meaning figuratively military divisions and the excessive size of the multitude.[8]
"I was under water as [if] in a kind of abyss."[9]
So an abyss [is] a great amount of water.
Greek Original:Abusson: hên oude buthos chôrêsai dunatai: Iônes de ton buthon busson phasin. hothen dokei legesthai kai bussodomeuein, para to dunô, to hupeiserchomai, kata tropên buô, busô, bebusmai, bebusai, busos kai abussos, hou oudeis eiserchetai dia to bathos. Aristophanês Batrachois: euthus gar epi limnên megalên hêxeis panu abusson. kai oudeterôs phêsin ho autos: heôs an êi to argurion to abusson para têi theôi, ouk eirêneusousin. en gar têi akropolei chilia talanta apekeito. Abusson kalei tên hugran ousian hê theia graphê. epei oun hê gê pantachothen hudasi periechetai megalois kai mikrois pelagesin, eikotôs peribolaion autês eirêken ho Dabid. kai, abussos abusson epikaleitai, ho autos prophêtês phêsin: ta stratiôtika legôn tagmata kai tên tou plêthous huperbolên tropikôs. hôs en abussôi tini hupobruchios egenomên. Abussos oun hudatôn plêthos polu.
Notes:
See also
alpha 105.
[1] This comment on Ionian pronunciation comes from the scholiast on
Aristophanes,
Frogs 138, quoted later in the entry.
[2] In
Homer,
Odyssey, where
bussodomeu/w occurs most frequently, it has the sense "brood over."
[3] cf.
Etymologicum Magnum 4.44. These are principal parts of the verb
bu/w, which means "to stuff," followed by
buso/s, which does not exist according to LSJ. Probably this is a mistake for
busso/s, "depth of the sea" (cf.
beta 598,
busso/n). The Suda generally has little concern for the distinction between single and double consonants. The author thus seems to propose a very dubious etymology: that
a)-bussos literally means "unstuffable" -- i.e., unable to be entered. [Ms M (=
Marcianus 448) omits this sentence.]
[4]
Aristophanes,
Frogs 137-8 (web address 1).
[5] "Silver" [
a)rgu/rion] is a neuter noun in Greek, while lake [
li/mnh] in the previous sentence is feminine; the point is that the same form
a)/busson is used with both. The sentence quoted here is actually part of a scholion to
Aristophanes,
Lysistrata 173 (web address 2);
Aristophanes uses the phrase
to\ a)rgu/rion to\ a)/busson in that line itself.
[6]
Psalm 103:6
LXX. See again under
pi 1083.
[7]
Psalm 41:8
LXX.
[8] Referring to the continuation of
Psalm 41:8
LXX, "all thy waves and thy billows are gone over me" (KJV).
[9] From Theodoret's commentary (PG 80.1173) on
Psalm 41:8
LXX.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: Christianity; comedy; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; economics; epic; geography; history; imagery; military affairs; proverbs; religion
Translated by: Elizabeth Vandiver on 21 November 1998@17:02:02.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agathôn
agathides
Adler number: alpha,123
Translated headword: skeins of good things
Vetting Status: high
Translation: The proverb is used in the comic poets in reference to a lot of good things.[1]
Also [sc. attested is] 'sea of good things', in reference to an abundance of good things.[2]
Also [sc. attested is] 'anthills of good things', in reference to an abundance of good fortune.[3]
Also [sc. attested is] 'heap of good things', in reference to an abundance of good things and a lot of good fortune.[4]
Greek Original:Agathôn agathides: tattetai hê paroimia para tois kômikois epi tôn pollôn agathôn. kai Agathôn thalassa, epi plêthous agathôn. kai Agathôn murmêkiai, epi plêthous eudaimonias. kai Agathôn sôros, epi plêthous agathôn kai pollês eudaimonias.
Notes:
The wordplay of the headword phrase
a)gaqw=n a)gaqi/des is hard to render in English. 'Bundles of bounties' might do.
[1] (Same material in
Photius.) Again at
alpha 2601; and see also
nu 77 and
tau 147.
[2] Again at
pi 2049.
[3]
Comica adespota fr. 827 Kock, now 796 K.-A.
[4] cf.
Apostolius 1.5, etc.
Keywords: comedy; daily life; ethics; imagery; proverbs; zoology
Translated by: William Hutton on 1 April 2001@00:28:16.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agathônios
Adler number: alpha,125
Translated headword: Agathonios, Agathonius
Vetting Status: high
Translation: A proper name.[1]
[The man] who was king of Tartessos.[2]
Also [sc. attested is the phrase] "
Agathon's pipe-playing": the soft and relaxed [kind]; alternatively that which is neither loose nor harsh, but temperate and very sweet.[3]
Greek Original:Agathônios: onoma kurion. hos ebasileuse tês Tartêssou. kai Agathônios aulêsis: hê malakê kai eklelumenê: ê hê mête chalara, mête pikra, all' eukratos kai hêdistê.
Notes:
[1]
Herodotus 1.163 gives it as Arganthonios (text at web address 1). See also
tau 137.
[2] In southern
Spain; probably the Biblical Tarshish. See generally
tau 137 and OCD(4) s.v. (p.1433).
[3]
Zenobius 1.2. On
Agathon (an Athenian poet of the late C5 BC) and his reputation for softness see
alpha 124; and on his aulos music, M.L. West,
Ancient Greek Music (Oxford 1992) 354-5.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; daily life; definition; ethics; geography; historiography; history; imagery; meter and music; proverbs; tragedy
Translated by: David Whitehead on 10 February 2001@09:33:27.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agalaktes
Adler number: alpha,128
Translated headword: milkmates
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] those who are members of the same family, blood-kin, brothers. But others [sc. define the terms as] those sharing priesthoods and [sc. who are also] fellow-family-members. But some [sc. define it as] those brought up together.[1]
Greek Original:Agalaktes: homogeneis, homaimoi, adelphoi. alloi de tous hiereiôn koinônous kai sungeneis. hoi de suntrophous.
Notes:
See LSJ s.v.
a)ga/lac and
a)ga/laktos at web addresses 1 & 2. The present headword, a nominative plural, is evidently extracted from somewhere -- probably from its only attested instance outside lexica (etc.):
Callimachus,
Hymns 2.52.
cf. generally
gamma 17.
[1] Same material in
Eudemus, partially in other lexica.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; food; imagery; poetry; religion
Translated by: William Hutton on 1 April 2001@01:06:44.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agalmatophoroumenos
Adler number: alpha,136
Translated headword: image-bearing, image-carrying, enshrined as an image
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] carrying in one's mind images or impressions of things that one has thought of.
Philo [sc. uses the term] this way.[1]
Greek Original:Agalmatophoroumenos: agalmata êtoi tupous tôn noêthentôn pherôn en heautôi. houtôs Philôn.
Notes:
Same entry in
Photius (
Lexicon alpha91 Theodoridis) and elsewhere. The headword is present middle/passive participle, masculine nominative singular, of the verb
a)galmatofore/w.
[1] Although the gloss has already defined the headword participle as though it were active,
Philo Judaeus [see
phi 448, and generally OCD(4) pp.1134-5] uniformly uses it in a passive sense, i.e. "enshrined". Adler and Theodoridis both cite
De vita Mosis 1.27; see also
De mutatione nominum 21; and cf.
De somnis 1.32,
De vita Mosis 2.11, 2.209.
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; imagery; philosophy
Translated by: William Hutton on 1 April 1999@12:37:13.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Aganophronos
Adler number: alpha,146
Translated headword: kindly-minded
Vetting Status: high
Translation: "And the cheerful face of kindly-minded peace."[1] [Meaning] easygoing and gentle.
Greek Original:Aganophronos: to te tês aganophronos hêsuchias euêmeron prosôpon. tês praou kai prosênous.
Notes:
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: comedy; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; imagery
Translated by: William Hutton on 29 March 2000@00:02:48.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Angaros
Adler number: alpha,163
Translated headword: a)/ggaros
Vetting Status: high
Translation: and a)ggarei/a, public and compulsory servitude.[1]
"For just as to him eating seemed to be a mere distraction, with nature as it were putting him into compulsory servitude [a)ggareuome/nhs] when it came to food."[2]
Greek Original:Angaros: kai Angareia, hê dêmosia kai anankaia douleia. hôsper gar ti autôi parergon to esthiein tês phuseôs auton angareuomenês peri ta brômata ephaineto einai.
Notes:
Reference:
A. Kaldellis, ed. and trans., Prokopios: The Secret History, (Indianapolis 2010)
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; daily life; definition; ethics; food; historiography; history; imagery
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 23 June 1999@13:07:47.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agastonos
Adler number: alpha,171
Translated headword: much-groaning
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] copiously moaning.
Greek Original:Agastonos: polustenaktos.
Notes:
Same or similar entries in other lexica; references at
Photius alpha128 Theodoridis.
The headword adjective is used of Poseidon's wife Amphitrite (personifying the sea) in
Homer,
Odyssey 12.97 (web address 1), and in the
Homeric Hymn (3) to Apollo 94 (web address 2); it is also attested in a general sense at
Aeschylus,
Seven against Thebes 99 (web address 3).
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2,
Web address 3
Keywords: definition; epic; imagery; mythology; poetry; tragedy
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 4 June 1999@14:50:49.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agastores
Adler number: alpha,172
Translated headword: womb-mates
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] brothers, natural brothers, twins.[1]
Those from the same womb.[2]
Greek Original:Agastores: adelphoi, homaimoi, didumoi. hoi homogastores.
Notes:
[1] Similarly in
Hesychius alpha357. The headword is the nominative plural of
a)ga/stwr. This noun (LSJ entry at web address 1) is largely confined to lexica and grammars but does occur in
Lycophron,
Alexandra 264 (genitive plural).
[2] cf.
Etymologicum Magnum 6.20.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: daily life; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; imagery; medicine; poetry
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 4 June 1999@14:49:51.
Vetted by:William Hutton (Modified headword, added links, set status) on 31 October 2001@10:14:28.
William Hutton (Merely noting that the reference to 'links' in my previous vetting comments is erroneous: this entry currently has no external links.) on 31 October 2001@17:22:16.
Catharine Roth (inserted link) on 1 November 2001@17:11:02.
David Whitehead (added keyword; cosmetics) on 3 February 2003@07:46:23.
David Whitehead (augmented notes; another keyword; tweaks) on 23 December 2011@08:59:09.
David Whitehead on 18 August 2013@05:59:01.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 5 April 2015@21:59:05.
Headword:
Agelarchês
Adler number: alpha,183
Translated headword: herd-leader
Vetting Status: high
Translation: The leader of the herd of oxen.
Greek Original:Agelarchês: ho tês agelês tôn boôn archôn.
Notes:
Same entry, according to Adler, in the Ambrosian Lexicon.
LSJ s.v. (web address 1) shows both this literal meaning and the extended one of any kind of leader.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; imagery; military affairs; zoology
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 23 June 1999@13:19:29.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agelaios
Adler number: alpha,187
Translated headword: ordinary
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] no-account fellow [i)diw/ths]. Or the lead animal in the herd.[1]
Also [sc. attested is the genitive plural] "of a)gelai=oi", of no-account fellows, of rustics.
"Such-and-such is likely enough of [= in] ordinary men". Meaning common ones.[2]
Also [sc. attested is] "of a)gelai=oi", of the random masses. It would be used metaphorically from animals in herds or from fish,[3] which they say feed lavishly and in schools [a)gelhdo/n].[4]
Greek Original:Agelaios: idiôtês. ê ho en agelêi diagôn. kai Agelaiôn, idiôtôn, rhembôdôn. tôn agelaiôn eoiken anthrôpôn einai ho toioutos. anti tou eutelôn. kai Agelaiôn, tôn pollôn kai tuchontôn. eiê d' an ek metaphoras tôn agelaiôn zôiôn ê apo tôn ichthuôn, hous boskesthai rhudên kai agelêdon phasin.
Notes:
The closest comparanda for this entry in its entirety are found in the
Platonic Lexicon ascribed to
Timaeus (971b.10);
Synagoge (Codex B) alpha99;
Photius,
Lexicon alpha134 and alpha141 Theodoridis; none of these matches up precisely, however. Snippets evidently from the same source appear elsewhere, as noted below.
[1] For the distinction see already
alpha 186. Thus far the entry =
Synagoge alpha49; cf. Aelius
Dionysius alpha17;
Eudemus 3.20;
Hesychius alpha424, omicron3.
[2] Julian,
Oration 7 (205D), where "such-and-such" = the invention of myth. The glosses (minus the quotation) in this and the previous sentence are paralleled in
Etymologicum Gudianum 4.3 and
Etymologicum Magnum 7.41.
[3] cf.
alpha 189.
[4] The reference is probably to
Herodotus 2.93.1, where both
i)xqu/es a)gelai=oi and the adverb
a)gelhdo/n (
alpha 191) appear (see web address 1). This etymological information also appears in Harpokration alpha8 Keaney (4.13 Dindorf) as well as in some of the sources cited above.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; historiography; imagery; rhetoric; zoology
Translated by: Gregory Hays on 23 June 1999@13:23:22.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agelêdon
Adler number: alpha,191
Translated headword: gregariously, herd-fashion, in a herd
Vetting Status: high
Translation: An adverb.
Greek Original:Agelêdon: epirrêma.
Notes:
First in
Homer,
Iliad 16.160 (in a simile, of wolves: web address 1); see also e.g.
Herodotus 2.93 (of fish: web address 2).
Similar entry, according to Adler, in the
Ambrosian Lexicon; and see also
Hesychius s.v., where Latte confidently asserts that the headword is extracted from the
Septuagint (
2 Maccabees 3.18).
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; historiography; imagery; religion; zoology
Translated by: William Hutton on 10 April 2000@23:26:12.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Agelêphin
Adler number: alpha,193
Translated headword: in a herd
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] from/out of the herd.
Greek Original:Agelêphin: ek tês agelês.
Note:
The gloss reflects the context of this adverb at its first attested appearance, in
Homer,
Iliad 2.480-1: a bull in a herd of cattle stands out from it (web address 1). Similar glosses appear in a scholion on this verse, as well as in
Hesychius (alpha438) and, according to Adler, the
Ambrosian Lexicon.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; imagery; zoology
Translated by: William Hutton on 10 April 2000@23:54:35.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Ankistreuei
Adler number: alpha,247
Translated headword: angles for
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning he/she/it] entices with bait.
Greek Original:Ankistreuei: deleazei.
Note:
LSJ entry for this verb (which has figurative as well as literal applications) at web address 1. The present instance of it -- third person singular, present indicative active -- occurs also in other lexica and grammars, with the same glossing (references at
Photius alpha183 Theodoridis); it must be quoted from somewhere.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; food; imagery
Translated by: Nathan Greenberg ✝ on 24 November 1998@14:02:49.
Vetted by:Catharine Roth (Added headword translation and link (not currently functional because of an error in LSJ at Perseus).) on 4 March 2001@22:46:06.
David Whitehead (augmented note; added keyword; cosmetics) on 23 July 2003@06:57:27.
David Whitehead (more keywords; tweaks cosmetics) on 4 January 2012@05:22:26.
David Whitehead on 18 August 2013@08:00:05.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticule) on 22 November 2020@13:53:31.
Headword:
Ankôn
Adler number: alpha,249
Translated headword: elbow
Vetting Status: high
Translation: "In the royal palace of Gelimer was a building full of darkness, which the Carthaginians used to call [the] Elbow; therein were thrown all toward whom the tyrant was ill-disposed. There, in the time of Belisarius, happened to be confined many traders from the east about to be destroyed by the tyrant at that time, whom the guard of the prison released."[1]
"And he placed the siege-engines in the way that seemed most timely, and he hit both the wall-angles [
angkones] and the trenches from both sides."[2]
Also [sc. attested is]
a)gkw=nes, a certain part of the house.[3]
Another meaning of
a)gkw=nes is everything that, in a dream, fixes the well-ordered aspect of life.[4]
*)agkw=nes [are] also the prominences of rivers, the ones at the banks.
"It was not possible to sail through to the stream ahead because of the size of the descending prominences which it was necessary for those dragging the ships to bend round."[5]
Also [sc. attested is]
a)gkw=nes, [in the sense of] the heights of the mountains. "Some of you seek out the [western] heights, and some the eastern, going toward the evil exit of the man."[6]
And [there is] a proverbial expression: wiping one's nose with the elbow.[7]
Bion the philosopher said: "my father was a freed slave, wiping his nose with his elbow;" it indicated clearly the saltfish-importer.[8]
See another proverbial expression, 'sweet bend' [in a river, etc.].[9]
Greek Original:Ankôn: en têi basilikêi aulêi tou Gelimeros oikêma ên skotous anapleôn, ho dê Ankôna ekaloun hoi Karchêdonioi: entha eneballonto hapantes hois an chalepainoi ho turannos. entautha epi Belisariou polloi katheirgmenoi etunchanon tôn heôiôn emporôn, hous mellontas kat' ekeino kairou anaireisthai hupo tou turannou ho phulax tou desmôtêriou apeluse. kai dietithei tas mêchanas hêi malista edokei kairion, ankônas te kai taphrous ebaleto hekaterôthen. kai Ankônes, meros ti tês oikias. ankônes de kai panta ta prospêssomena kat' onar to kosmion tou biou sêmainei. Ankônes kai hai tôn potamôn exochai, hai para tais ochthais. ou dunaton ên pros antion ton rhoun anaplein dia to megethos tôn prospiptontôn ankônôn, hous edei kamptein parelkontas tas naus. kai Ankônas, tas akras tôn orôn. hoi de speirousin ankônas, hoi d' antêlious zêteit' iontes t' andros exodon kakên. kai paroimia: tôi ankôni apomussomenos. Biôn phêsin ho philosophos: emou ho patêr men ên apeleutheros, tôi ankôni apomussomenos: diedêlou de ton tarichemporon. zêtei kai allên paroimian, to glukus ankôn.
Notes:
[1] An abridgement of
Procopius,
History of the Wars of Justinian 3.20.4-7 (web address 1), the prison guard at Gelimer's Carthage palace releases the captive traders as Belisarius's (cf.
beta 233, generally) fleet makes its approach (September 533 CE); cf. Kaldellis (184). On Gelimer, king of the Vandals and Alans (530-534), see PLRE IIIa s.v. Gelimer.
[2] From an unidentifiable military narrative. (For the headword in this sense see LSJ s.v., II.)
[3] For this gloss, cf.
iota 552.
[4]
Artemidorus 1.74; cf.
omicron 349.
[5] Quotation unidentifiable.
[6]
Sophocles,
Ajax 805-6 (web address 2); the first adjective is garbled here.
[7] cf.
Mantissa Proverbiorum 3.31 and the quotation which follows here.
[8]
Diogenes Laertius 4.46.
[9]
gamma 316.
References:
A. Kaldellis, ed. and H.B. Dewing, trans., Prokopios: The Wars of Justinian, (Indianapolis 2014)
J.R. Martindale, The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol. IIIa, (Cambridge, 1992)
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: architecture; biography; chronology; daily life; dreams; economics; ethics; food; geography; historiography; history; imagery; military affairs; philosophy; proverbs; science and technology; trade and manufacture; tragedy
Translated by: Nathan Greenberg ✝ on 24 November 1998@13:57:02.
Vetted by:David Whitehead (supplied headword; added notes; augmented keywords; cosmetics) on 29 April 2002@04:02:29.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 9 October 2005@08:29:24.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 20 November 2005@10:40:36.
David Whitehead (more keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 20 February 2011@08:38:56.
Catharine Roth (tweaks and cosmetics) on 21 February 2011@01:08:42.
David Whitehead (more keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 4 January 2012@05:46:10.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 30 December 2014@00:14:19.
Ronald Allen (expanded n.1, added bibliography, added cross-reference, added link) on 20 November 2023@13:55:59.
Headword:
Ankulomêtês
kai
Ankulomêteô.
kai
Ankulomêtai
Adler number: alpha,253
Translated headword: crooked of counsel
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [a)gkulomh/ths] and a)gkulomh/tew.[1] Also [sc. attested is] a)gkulomh=tai: men of devious devices.[2]
Greek Original:Ankulomêtês kai Ankulomêteô. kai Ankulomêtai, hoi skoliobouloi.
Notes:
Adler's headword -- here divided between headword and gloss -- consists of three declensional forms of the same word (used, in epic and other poetry, of Kronos, Prometheus and others): nominative singular, genitive singular, nominative plural. See web address 1 for the LSJ entry.
[1] cf.
Lexicon Ambrosianum 161.
[2] Same plural and gloss in other lexica; references at
Photius alpha188 Theodoridis.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; imagery; mythology; poetry
Translated by: Roger Travis on 4 October 2000@11:42:02.
Vetted by:
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