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Headword: Kêr
Adler number: kappa,1530
Translated headword: ker, heart, spirit
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] soul; also death-bringing fate. Also [sc. attested is the plural] kh=res, [meaning] death-bringing fates.[1]
i.e. those who bring on burning [kah=nai]. Also in a river of Hades, Pyriphlegethon and Acheron and Kokytos; the first [so called] from burning [fle/gein], the second from pains [a)/xh] flowing [rei=n] into it, and the last from lamentations and dirges [kwkutw=n]. And a dirge [kwkuto/s] is an imitation of a voice of those mourning.[2] They also say that there is a certain Dead river;[3] [it is so called] because it is all dried up and does not even have liba/s, that is moisture. And they also call vinegar "dead", because it is wine that has expired. The spirit [is] a Ker, because it consists of fire. For that which [is] inborn warmth [is] a spirit.[4]
"I am a tomb-haunting Ker, and it was Koroibos who killed me."[5]
Greek Original:
Kêr: psuchê: kai thanatêphoros moira. kai kêres, thanatêphoroi moirai. êtoi hai kaênai epipherousai. kai en haidou potamôi Puriphlegethonti kai Acheronti kai Kôkutôi: ho men apo tou phlegein, ho de apo tou ta achê eis auton rhein, ho de apo tôn thrênôn kai kôkutôn. kôkutos de esti phônês mimêsis thrênountôn. legousi de kai Alibanta tina einai potamon: apo tou hapanta kataxêrainein kai mêde libada huparchein, êgoun ikmada. kai to oxos de alibanta phasin, hoti nenekrômenos oinos esti. kêr de hê psuchê: hoti diapuros esti. to gar emphuton thermon, touto psuchê. eimi de kêr tumboulos: ho de kteinas me Koroibos.
Notes:
This entry appears to bring together the neuter singular noun kh=r and the feminine (upper-case) noun *Kh=res -- see the adjacent entries in LSJ -- though note that Theodoridis (n.1 below) follows Crusius in printing the primary headword without accent; khr. See also kappa 1531.
[1] Likewiise or similarly in other lexica, including Apollonius' Homeric Lexicon, and scholia on e.g. Homer, Iliad 1.44 and 2.851; see the references at Photius, Lexicon kappa672 Theodoridis.
[2] See kappa 2230.
[3] *)ali/bas, alpha 1210. Better known as the Styx.
[4] Anecdota Oxoniensia ed. Cramer 2.456.17-26, cf. Etymologicum Magnum 511.23 and Choeroboscus, Epimerismi on the Psalms 3.8, 3.22.
[5] Greek Anthology 7.154.3 (author unknown); on a statue of Vengeance (the Ker here) atop the tomb of Koroibos (Coroebus) at Megara (mu 387); cf. Page (388-391) and another extract from this epigram at delta 210. Apollo had sent Vengeance to inflict his wrath on Argos [Myth, Place] (cf. alpha 3766) for the death of his infant child, born by the Argive princess Psamathe. Vengeance then stole babies from mothers in Argos until Koroibos, the Argive hero, killed her; cf. Pausanias 1.43.7-8 (web address 1).
Reference:
D.L. Page, ed., Further Greek Epigrams, (Cambridge 1981)
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; food; mythology; poetry; religion; women
Translated by: Gabriel Bodard on 2 June 2000@13:46:13.
Vetted by:
William Hutton (Altered wording, raised status.) on 5 June 2000@13:14:40.
David Whitehead (modified translation; added notes and keywords) on 27 May 2001@08:17:16.
Catharine Roth (cosmetics, expanded notes) on 17 November 2008@00:58:37.
David Whitehead (augmented notes; tweaks and cosmetics) on 22 February 2013@05:04:30.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 27 November 2014@01:20:00.
David Whitehead (coding) on 1 May 2016@04:54:04.
Catharine Roth (expanded note) on 21 July 2019@18:28:42.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation) on 16 August 2019@23:14:06.
Ronald Allen (expanded n.5, added bibliography, added cross-references, added keyword, added link) on 14 July 2023@11:32:36.

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