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Headword: Annibas
Adler number: alpha,2452
Translated headword: Hannibal
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
The Carthaginian was so called.
"For the Carthaginians chose as general Hasdrubal, son-in-law of [Hamilcar] Barca.[1] And he chose as lieutenant-general Hannibal, the man who became famous not much later for military commands. Hannibal was both son of Barca and [thus] brother of [Hasdrubal's] wife; Hasdrubal had him with him in Iberia, and he was young and battle-ready and acceptable to the army. And Hannibal led many [campaigns] in Iberia, since he was trustworthy in negotiations and behaved like a young man when force was required."[2] "Hannibal was war-loving by nature and never endured idleness."[3] "But later he took to unaccustomed luxury and had a mistress, wild man that he was; and straightaway, little by little, everything was turned over to him."[4]
Polybius says, "Hannibal was young, but filled with warlike passion, successful in the fray, and motivated from the start by his hatred of the Romans."[5]
"It was made clear to Hannibal, general of the Carthaginians, by [the oracle] of Ammon, that he would die and be buried in the land of Libya. And he hoped to stamp out the Roman empire and to end it in Libya. When Flaminius, the general of the Romans, was eager to take him alive, he went as suppliant to Prusias and when he was thrust away by Prusias, he leapt up onto his horse, and since his sword was unsheathed, he wounded his finger. And he had not gone too many stades farther when a fever from his wound and the end of his life overtook him. The region where death overtook him the Nicomedians call 'Libyssa.' And an oracle came to the Athenians from Dodona that they should colonise 'Sicily'. And 'Sicily' is a small ridge not far from Athens. But those who did not understand what was said were led into foreign expeditions and into war against the Syracusans."[6]
"It is a remarkable and great indication that this man was by nature a leader and very different from other men for his statesman-like manner that for seventeen years he remained in the field, passed through a good many barbarian lands, and used a good many foreign men as helpmates in his ambitious and incredible endeavors; he was never deserted willingly by one of the men once they had joined up with him and given themselves into his hands."[7] Which even now ?is a civilized way to behave?.[8]
"In contriving to make the Carthaginians see the magnitude of his victory over the Romans and the plight of their opponents, Hannibal sent into Libya three Attic medimni full of golden rings, which he had stripped as spoils from men of equestrian and senatorial rank."[9]
"Certain Carthaginians who were sent out by Hannibal to spy fell in with the Romans. Though they were angry with him, Publius[10] did them no harm but told them to inspect the camp, take dinner, and to go back safe to report to Hannibal the way things were with the army of the Romans."[11]
Greek Original:
Annibas ho Karchêdonios houtôs ekaleito. hoi gar Karchêdonioi stratêgon apephênan Asdrouban, ton tou Barka kêdestên. ho de Anniban ton ou polu husteron aoidimon epi stratêgiais, paida te onta tou Barka kai tês gunaikos hoi ginomenon adelphon echôn en Ibêriai neon onta kai philopolemon kai areskonta tôi stratôi hupostratêgon apephêne, kai tês te Ibêrias ta polla prosêgageto, pithanos ôn homilêsai, es te ta bias deomena tôi meirakiôi chrômenos. phusei de philopolemos ên ho Annibas, kai ou pote argian epheren. husteron de epi truphês ên ou sunêthous, erômenên te eichen agrios anêr: kai euthus autôi kat' oligon etrepeto panta. phêsi de Polubios, hôs Annibas neos men ên, plêrês de polemikês hormês, epituchês de en tais epibolais, palai de parôrmêmenos pros tên kata tôn Rhômaiôn echthran. hoti Annibai tôi Karchêdoniôn stratêgôi edêlôthê para Ammônos, hôs apothanôn gêi kaluphthêsetai Libussêi. kai ho men êlpisen archên tôn Rhômaiôn kathairêsein kai en Libuêi teleutêsein. Phlaminiou de tou Rhômaiôn stratêgou spoudên poioumenou labein auton zônta, aphiketo para Prousian hiketês kai apôstheis ap' autou anepêda te epi ton hippon kai gumnôthentos tou xiphous titrôsketai ton daktulon. proelthonti de ou stadia polla puretos apo tou traumatos kai hê teleutê tou biou sunebê. to de chôrion, entha sunebê apothanein, ekaloun hoi Nikomêdeis Libussan. kai Athênaiois de manteuma êlthen ek Dôdônês, Sikelian oikizein. kai ou porrô têsde lophos estin hê Sikelia ou megas. hoi de ou sumphronêsantes to eirêmenon es te huperorious stratias proêchthêsan kai es ton Surakousiôn polemon. hoti thaumaston esti kai megiston sêmeion gegonenai têi phusei ton andra touton hêgemonikon kai polu ti diapheronta tôn allôn pros ton pragmatikon tropon: iz# gar etê meinas en tois hupaithrois pleista te ethnê kai barbara diexelthôn kai pleistois andrasin allophulois chrêsamenos sunergois pros apêlpismenas kai paradoxous epibolas, hup' oudenos hekousiôs enkateleiphthê tôn hapax autôi koinônêsantôn kai dontôn heautous eis cheiras. hoper kai ta nun empoliteuetai. hoti to megethos tês tou Annibou nikês tês pros Rhômaious kai tês tôn enantiôn sumphoras hup' opsin agagein tois Karchêdoniois mêchanômenos, treis medimnous Attikous plêreis chrusôn daktuliôn eis tên Libuên apepempsen, hous ara tous hippikous kai bouleutikous andras skuleusas anêirêto. hoti andres tines Karchêdoniôn epi kataskopêi tôn enantiôn stalentes hupo Annibou tois Rhômaiois peripiptousin. hous achthentas hôs hauton ho Poplios kakon men ouden eirgasato, perinostêsai de keleuei to stratopedon kai deipnon helomenous apochôrein sôous, apangelountas Annibai ta peri tên stratian hôs echei Rhômaiois.
Notes:
Born 247 BCE. See generally OCD(4) s.v. (pp.644-5).
[1] See generally OCD(4) pp.644, under 'Hamilcar(2)', and 646-7, under 'Hasdrubal(1)'.
[2] Appian, Iberica 6 (for this whole paragraph so far); cf. alpha 4134.
[3] Appian, Annibaica 17.
[4] Appian, Annibaica 43.
[5] Polybius 3.15.6.
[6] Pausanias 8.11.11-12 (web address 1 below).
[7] Polybius 23.13.1-2.
[8] This addendum might also come from Polybius (so Schweighauser); alternatively it is an "editorial" comment by the lexicographer himself.
[9] John of Antioch fr. 120 Roberto; cf. Eutropius, Breviarium 3.11.
[10] P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus.
[11] John of Antioch fr. 128; again at sigma 577.
Reference:
J. Seibert, Hannibal (1993)
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; economics; ethics; gender and sexuality; geography; historiography; history; military affairs; politics; religion; women
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 1 June 2001@00:32:06.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (supplemented and modified translation; augmented notes; added bibliography; cosmetics) on 4 June 2001@04:05:32.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords) on 12 August 2002@09:22:12.
David Whitehead (more keywords) on 16 November 2005@07:40:41.
Catharine Roth (added italics) on 22 December 2005@19:11:11.
Catharine Roth (cross-reference) on 11 January 2011@23:43:43.
Catharine Roth (cosmetics, new note 8) on 12 January 2011@23:13:55.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 14 March 2012@06:45:59.
David Whitehead (augmented notes) on 22 August 2013@07:29:56.
David Whitehead (updated 2 refs) on 30 July 2014@06:30:12.
David Whitehead (updated another ref) on 29 January 2015@03:35:35.
David Whitehead (another note; tweaks and cosmetics) on 18 July 2015@03:31:10.
Catharine Roth (cosmetics) on 25 July 2015@19:48:49.

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