Language: Esperanto verbs Author: Darin Arrick, 16 October 2012 Verbs Constructed; creator from Poland Authority: L. L. Zamenhof, 1887 version 1.0 Paradigm Function PF() = MoodS(POSS(VoiceS(TenseS(Stem())))) ParadigmSchema(V) = { MOOD:{indic/cond/imp/inf/part} TENSE:{past/pres/fut/noTense} VOICE:{act/pass/noVoice} } Disallow = { (MOOD:{indic/part} TENSE:{noTense}) / % indicatives and participles must be tensed (MOOD:{cond/imp/inf} TENSE:{past/pres/fut}) / % conditionals, imperatives, and infinitives cannot be tensed (MOOD:{indic/cond/imp/inf} VOICE:{act/pass}) / % only participles can have voice (MOOD:{part} VOICE:{noVoice}) % participles MUST have voice } Stem operations Stem() = vid Stem() = parol Rules of exponence Block TenseS % tense suffix, only used in indicatives and participles TenseS, XV[], σ:{TENSE:{past}} → Xi TenseS, XV[], σ:{TENSE:{pres}} → Xa TenseS, XV[], σ:{TENSE:{fut}} → Xo Block VoiceS % voice suffix, only used in participles VoiceS, XV[], σ:{MOOD:{part} VOICE:{act}} → Xnt VoiceS, XV[], σ:{MOOD:{part} VOICE:{pass}} → Xt Block POSS % part of speech suffix POSS, XV[], σ:{MOOD:{indic}} → Xs POSS, XV[], σ:{MOOD:{part}} → Xa % adjectival participle ending Block MoodS % non-indicative mood suffix MoodS, XV[], σ:{MOOD:{cond}} → Xus % "could X" MoodS, XV[], σ:{MOOD:{imp}} → Xu % "X!" MoodS, XV[], σ:{MOOD:{inf}} → Xi % "to X" Lexeme: SEE % see Meaning: see Syntactic category: V Lexeme: SPEAK % speak Meaning: speak Syntactic category: V Truth = { SEE:{MOOD:{indic} TENSE:{past} VOICE:{noVoice}} = vidis SEE:{MOOD:{indic} TENSE:{pres} VOICE:{noVoice}} = vidas SEE:{MOOD:{indic} TENSE:{fut} VOICE:{noVoice}} = vidos SEE:{MOOD:{part} TENSE:{past} VOICE:{act}} = vidinta SEE:{MOOD:{part} TENSE:{pres} VOICE:{act}} = vidanta SEE:{MOOD:{part} TENSE:{fut} VOICE:{act}} = vidonta SEE:{MOOD:{part} TENSE:{past} VOICE:{pass}} = vidita SEE:{MOOD:{part} TENSE:{pres} VOICE:{pass}} = vidata SEE:{MOOD:{part} TENSE:{fut} VOICE:{pass}} = vidota SEE:{MOOD:{cond} TENSE:{noTense} VOICE:{noVoice}} = vidus SEE:{MOOD:{imp} TENSE:{noTense} VOICE:{noVoice}} = vidu SEE:{MOOD:{inf} TENSE:{noTense} VOICE:{noVoice}} = vidi SPEAK:{MOOD:{indic} TENSE:{past} VOICE:{noVoice}} = parolis SPEAK:{MOOD:{indic} TENSE:{pres} VOICE:{noVoice}} = parolas SPEAK:{MOOD:{indic} TENSE:{fut} VOICE:{noVoice}} = parolos SPEAK:{MOOD:{part} TENSE:{past} VOICE:{act}} = parolinta SPEAK:{MOOD:{part} TENSE:{pres} VOICE:{act}} = parolanta SPEAK:{MOOD:{part} TENSE:{fut} VOICE:{act}} = parolonta SPEAK:{MOOD:{part} TENSE:{past} VOICE:{pass}} = parolita SPEAK:{MOOD:{part} TENSE:{pres} VOICE:{pass}} = parolata SPEAK:{MOOD:{part} TENSE:{fut} VOICE:{pass}} = parolota SPEAK:{MOOD:{cond} TENSE:{noTense} VOICE:{noVoice}} = parolus SPEAK:{MOOD:{imp} TENSE:{noTense} VOICE:{noVoice}} = parolu SPEAK:{MOOD:{inf} TENSE:{noTense} VOICE:{noVoice}} = paroli }