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Headword:
Aages
Adler number: alpha,2
Translated headword: unbroken, unbreakable
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning something] unshattered,[1] strong.
Greek Original:Aages: athrauston, ischuron.
Notes:
= Apollonius Sophistes,
Lexicon Homericum 2.4. Likewise in
Hesychius alpha7;
Photius,
Lexicon alpha4 Theodoridis;
Etymologicum Gudianum 1.12. This form of the adjective is the neuter nominative singular, as at
Homer,
Odyssey 11.575 (web address 1).
All but the last word of this entry is absent from ms M (=
Marcianus 448), as are the last several words of
alpha 1 (a and b).
[1] cf.
alpha 750.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; poetry
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 20 August 1998@17:55:22.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Aaptos
Adler number: alpha,5
Translated headword: irresistable, invulnerable
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning someone/something] unharmed.
Herodianus[1] says about
a)/aptos that it comes from
i)a/ptw ['I harm'], and after adding alpha-privative and dropping the 'i' [it becomes]
a)/aptos, "whom no one can harm." Or perhaps the 'a' is not to be taken as negative but as intensifying, so it would be "one who has great power to harm." Thus the first has a passive sense, the second an active. With the negative prefix it also means "one who is untouched."[2]
Greek Original:Aaptos: ablabês. Hêrôdianos phêsi peri tou aaptos, hoti gignetai apo tou iaptô to blaptô, kai meta tou sterêtikou a kai kat' elleipsin tou i aaptos, hon oudeis dunatai blapsai. ê ouchi kata sterêsin eklêpteon to a, alla kat' epitasin, hin' êi ho megala dunamenos blaptein. hôste to men prôton dêloi pathos, to de deuteron energeian. legetai de kai aaptos kata sterêsin ho apsaustos.
Notes:
This form of the headword, the nominative singular masculine/feminine, is unattested outside lexicography; however, plural forms occur frequently in hexameter poetry, in the formula
xei=res a)/aptoi or
xei=ras a)a/ptous (usually interpreted as 'irresistable hands'); e.g.
Homer,
Iliad 8.450 (web address 1).
[1] The etymological comments that follow occur only in mss G (= Parisinus 2623) and T (= Vaticanus 881); cf.
Herodianus 3.2.30.
[2] This etymology, alpha-privative +
a(/ptomai ('touch'), is the one most commonly accepted nowadays. See LSJ s.v. (web address 2) and Schwyzer,
DGE. Yet there is reason for doubt, and the correct Homeric form (attested already by
Aristophanes of
Byzantium) may actually be
a)ept-. See Chantraine s.v.
a)/aptos.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; poetry
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 21 August 1998@16:48:12.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Aasamên
Adler number: alpha,7
Translated headword: I was addled
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] I did wrong, I slipped up;[1] I was damaged,[2] in the sense of "I was overcome by folly."
Greek Original:Aasamên: hêmarton, esphalên: eblabên, hoion atêi periepeson.
Notes:
The headword is the first person singular, aorist indicative middle/passive, of
a)a/w (LSJ entry at web address 1). It is found frequently in epic poetry, e.g.
Homer Iliad 9.116 (web address 2).
[1] Up to this point the entry =
Synagoge (Codex B) alpha3 (
Lexica Segueriana 3.8 Bachmann).
[2] From here on the entry is very similar to Apollonius Sophistes,
Homeric Lexicon 1.19, and
Hesychius alpha25.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; poetry; religion
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 21 August 1998@16:50:10.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Aasai
Adler number: alpha,8
Translated headword: to harm, to infatuate
Vetting Status: high
Translation: has four meanings: to satisfy,[1] to go to sleep,[2] to harm, to cause pain.
Greek Original:Aasai tessara sêmainei: koresai, kathupnôsai, blapsai, lupêsai.
Notes:
The headword is aorist active infinitive, glossed with four others. The entry =
Photius,
Lexicon alpha9 Theodoridis, and similar material can be found in
Synagoge (Codex B) alpha4 (
Lexica Segueriana 3.5-7). Compare also
Etymologicum Gudianum 1.8. This particular form is unattested outside lexicography, though it appears as an entry in Apollonius Sophistes,
Homeric Lexicon 2.5, and is presumably related to such Homeric forms as we find at
alpha 7.
[1] This meaning is unattested for the verb
a)a/w (LSJ entry at web address 1).
[2] In that one loses consciousness and control in sleep, as in
Homer Odyssey 10.68 (web address 2).
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; poetry
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 21 August 1998@16:55:13.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Aaschetos
Adler number: alpha,9
Translated headword: irresistible
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Something someone/something] uncontrollable.[1]
Greek Original:Aaschetos: akratêtos.
Notes:
A word from epic poetry, e.g.
Homer,
Iliad 5.892 (web address 1), with metrical reduplication of the initial alpha (cf. LSJ s.v.
a)/sxetos at web address 2). The headword and the gloss are both masculine/feminine nominative singular.
[1] A related but not identical word (
a)katakra/thton) is used to gloss the neuter form of the headword at
Etymologicum Magnum 1.32.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; meter and music; poetry
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 21 August 1998@16:55:57.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abakêsan
Adler number: alpha,11
Translated headword: they kept quiet
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] they were unaware, they did not understand.
Greek Original:Abakêsan: êgnoêsan, êsunetêsan.
Note:
The headword is the third person plural, aorist indicative active, of
a)bake/w. This form is found only in
Homer,
Odyssey 4.249 (web address 1), and the many lexicographical notices generated by it. Of those the most similar to this entry are
Photius,
Lexicon alpha22 Theodoridis, and
Etymologicum Magnum 2.30-31. Compare also Apollonius Sophistes,
Homeric Lexicon 2.16;
Hesychius alpha54. The glosses offered here and elsewhere probably represent semantic extrapolation from the Homeric context: When Odysseus comes in disguise to
Troy, Helen knows who he is but the rest of the people in
Troy a)ba/khsan. The translation of the headword, on the other hand, reflects the verb's probable etymological connection with the verb
ba/zw 'speak', and the adjective
a)bakh/s ('speechless', 'tranquil'). Cf. Chantraine s.v.
a)bakh/s, a connection that is sometimes mentioned as a possibility in the ancient scholarship.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; poetry
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 21 August 1998@16:58:43.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abale
Adler number: alpha,13
Translated headword: would that
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] o that.[1] "Would that [...]."[2]
Greek Original:Abale: eithe abale.
Notes:
For the headword see LSJ s.v.
a)/bale (web address 1). The entry =
Photius,
Lexicon alpha26 Theodoridis, and, with the exception of the repetition of the headword within the entry (see note 2), also
Synagoge alpha1 (
Lexica Segueriana 3.10),
Hesychius (s.v.
a)/ ba/le, alpha60) and Apollonius Sophistes,
Homeric Lexicon 2.15. The word does not occur in the extant text of
Homer, but there are other literary attestations including
Callimachus fr. 619 Pfeiffer, and
Greek Anthology 7.583.1 (
Agathias Scholasticus).
cf. generally
alpha 14.
[1] For more on
ei)/qe see
epsiloniota 55.
[2] Apparently the beginning of a quotation, perhaps from one of the works mentioned above; otherwise the repetition of the headword is hard to explain. See Theodoridis' note.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; poetry
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 22 August 1998@12:45:11.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abios
Adler number: alpha,47
Translated headword: full-lived
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Antiphon has
a)/bion for one who has acquired a good living.[1] Similarly
Homer has
a)/culon for "full of timber."[2]
Greek Original:Abios: Antiphôn ton abion epi tou polun ton bion tattei kektêmenou. hôsper kai Homêros to axulon anti tou poluxulon.
Notes:
= Harpocration s.v. (A2 Keaney).
The point is that the alpha prefix intensifies, rather than negates as it usually does: LSJ entries for
a)/bios (A) and (B) at web address 1. On the different alpha prefixes, see LSJ.
[1] Antiphon (the sophist) B87 F43 Diels-Kranz.
[2]
Homer,
Iliad 11.155 (web address 2):
e)n a)cu/lw|... u(/lh|, of a forest fire falling in "a wood with much dead timber," and thus spreading rapidly. On the meaning of this adjective see
Lexikon des frühgriechischen Epos I (fasc. 6, 1969) 974-75. (Although LSJ correctly defines
cu/lon as 'timber', the entry there for
a)/culos erroneously assumes alpha privative and is misleading.)
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: botany; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@18:59:58.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Ablemeôs
Adler number: alpha,54
Translated headword: fecklessly, heedlessly
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] thoughtlessly.
Greek Original:Ablemeôs: aphrontistôs.
Notes:
This rare adverb occurs in -- and is surely extracted from -- a fragment of the epic poet Panyassis (
pi 248) preserved in
Athenaeus,
Deipnosophists 2.36D (2.3 Kaibel); it refers there to intemperate drinking.
See also
Etymologicum Magnum 3.24 and other lexica.
Reference:
Apostolos Athanassakis, "Blemeaino/ablemes (-eos): Meaning and Possible Etymology," Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, Vol. 101, (1970), pp. 51-61
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; food
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:06:08.
Vetted by:William Hutton (Added headword, modified translation, added keyword, set status) on 30 January 2001@08:13:47.
David Whitehead (added note and keywords) on 5 February 2003@09:40:16.
Catharine Roth (augmented note, added bibliography, raised status) on 19 May 2008@15:40:50.
David Whitehead (expanded note; more keywords) on 19 December 2011@07:55:52.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 13 January 2015@23:40:50.
David Whitehead (tweaked a ref) on 14 January 2015@02:47:42.
Headword:
Ablêros
Adler number: alpha,56
Translated headword: Ableros, Ablerus
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Proper name.
Greek Original:Ablêros: onoma kurion.
Notes:
Same entry, according to Adler, in the Ambrosian Lexicon (4).
Ableros is a Trojan killed by Antilochos in
Homer,
Iliad 6.32 (accusative case there: web address 1 below).
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:07:39.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Ablêta
Adler number: alpha,57
Translated headword: unshot, unthrown
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Referring to] projectiles, ones that have not been dispatched with a view to wounding.[1]
Also [sc. attested is the phrase] 'unshot arrow': the one badly shot or the one not yet shot. Declines a)blh\s, [genitive] a)blh=tos.[2]
Greek Original:Ablêta: belê, ta mê pemphthenta eis trôsin. kai ablêta oïston, ton kakoblêton ê ton mêpô beblêmenon. klinetai de ablês, ablêtos.
Notes:
[1] Here the headword adjective is glossed as if it were a neuter plural, but see next note.
[2] cf. the
scholia to
Homer,
Iliad 4.117-118, where this accusative singular phrase occurs, albeit with other words intervening (web address 1 below).
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; medicine; military affairs
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:08:39.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Ablêchrên
Adler number: alpha,58
Translated headword: feeble
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] weak. For what is strong [is]
blhxro/n.[1]
Aelian [writes]: "so she brought her life to an end gently and with a calm and feeble death, such as even
Homer seems to me to praise."[2]
Greek Original:Ablêchrên: asthenê. blêchron gar to ischuron. Ailianos: katestrepsen oun ton bion praôs te kai sun galênêi kai ablêchrôi thanatôi, honper oun epainein kai Homêros dokei moi.
Notes:
The headword adjective is feminine accusative singular. It is extracted from
Homer,
Iliad 5.337, where it refers to Aphrodite's hand; cf. the
scholia there.
[1] Same or similar glossing in other lexica (references at
Photius alpha42 Theodoridis); and cf.
beta 340. This seems to be an error, however:
blhxro/s is well attested as meaning "weak" by itself: see web address 1 for the LSJ entry. The lexica mistake the copulative alpha in the headword for an alpha privative.
[2]
Aelian fr. 182d Domingo-Forasté (179 Hercher): cf.
Homer,
Odyssey 11.135 (web address 2 below). The preceding fragment, quoted at
tau 596, shows that the subject is a woman.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: biography; daily life; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; poetry; women
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:09:47.
Vetted by:
Headword:
Abriorêx
Adler number: alpha,80
Timeout after 20 seconds; further results omitted.