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Headword: Stadion
Adler number: sigma,981
Translated headword: stadion, stadium
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning] the place of the contest. Also a certain part of what is called a mile; for seven [and] a half stadia make a mile. Stadion is also the simple term for a standing firm and not moving. Dio in the 39th [volume] of Roman Histories [writes]: "betrayed by the stadion of the boats, they [the Veneti] were very angry."[1] Meaning betrayed by the standing fast and lack of movement of the boats, they were exceedingly wroth.
Also [sc. attested is the phrase] stadios chiton, [meaning] one that reaches to the feet, a full-sized one; [the phrase appears] in Callimachus in Hecale.[2]
And Aristophanes [writes]: "I ask of you only this one thing -- that of the Greeks I be best by a hundred stadia."[3]
Also [sc. attested is the phrase] stadi/a| ma/xh ["fight in close"]: "no-one withstood him in close combat."[4]
[Note] that the seven [and] a half stadia make one mile, and the ten miles have 80 stadia. Otherwise: [note] that the stadion has 600 feet, and the mile 4200 feet, and the plethron 100 feet, and the aroura 50 feet,[5] and the foot sixteen daktyloi, and the cubit a foot and a half.
In the Epigrams: "in stadia from Isthmos and in Nemea."[6]
[Note] that Philippides the day-runner completed 1500 stadia in one night.[7] And look under Hippias.[8]
Greek Original:
Stadion: ho topos tou agônos. kai meros ti tou legomenou miliou: hepta gar hêmisu stadia poiousi milion. legetai stadion kai haplôs to histasthai kai akinêtizein. Diôn en lth# Rhômaïkôn: tôi de dê stadiôi tôn skaphôn prodidomenoi deinôs êschallon. anti tou têi stasei kai akinêsiai tôn skaphôn prodidomenoi sphodra êniônto. kai Stadios chitôn, ho podêrês, ho teleios: para Kallimachôi en Hekalêi. kai Aristophanês: deomai humôn touti panu mikron, einai me tôn Hellênôn hekaton stadioisin ariston. kai Stadiai machê. oudenos de auton en stadiai machêi huphistamenou. hoti ta hepta hêmisu stadia poiousi milion hen, ta de deka milia echousi stadia p#. allôs: hoti to stadion echei podas ch#, to de milion podas #22ds1#, to de plethron podas r#, hê aroura podas n#, ho pous daktulous i#2#, ho pêchus poda a# hêmisun. en Epigrammasi: en stadiois Isthmothêkên Nemeai. hoti Philippidês ho hêmerodromos #22a# kai ph# stadia ênuse dia mias nuktos. kai zêtei en tôi Hippias.
Notes:
The first paragraph here is also in the Synagoge (sigma188) and Photius' Lexicon (sigma485 Theodoridis). See also e.g. the scholiast on Plato, Critias 115D (Greene).
[1] Cassius Dio 39.43.4 (cf. Caesar, Gallic War 3.14-15).
[2] Callimachus, Hecale fr. 293 Pfeiffer.
[3] Aristophanes, Clouds 429-430. (The quotation omits Strepsiades' specific request to be best 'in speaking'.)
[4] The noun and adjective should be in agreement (both dative or both nominative). The exact source is indeterminable, but see e.g. Homer, Iliad 13.314 and 713; also Cassius Dio 22.73.2.
[5] The aroura is a measure of land equal approximately to a Roman iugerum. It consisted of one hundred square cubits, an Egyptian cubit being 525 millimeters in length (Herodotus 1.178.3, 2.168.1). See How and Wells 1.138 and 250.
[6] Greek Anthology 6.259.4 (Philip) -- here slightly garbled; the translation reproduces the original. See further extracts from this epigram at alpha 4706, pi 1841, and upsilon 684.
[7] See phi 347.
[8] iota 545.
Reference:
How, W.W. and J. Wells. A Commentary on Herodotus. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1912. Reprint: 1928.
Keywords: architecture; athletics; biography; clothing; comedy; daily life; definition; epic; ethics; geography; historiography; history; mathematics; military affairs; poetry; science and technology
Translated by: Wm. Blake Tyrrell on 19 September 2005@20:41:01.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (tweaked translation; augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 25 September 2005@07:10:41.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics; raised status) on 31 December 2013@07:59:48.
David Whitehead (tweaked tr and n. 6) on 18 February 2014@05:57:15.
David Whitehead (codings) on 26 May 2016@07:06:47.
Catharine Roth (tweaked note) on 23 August 2020@20:02:32.
Catharine Roth (expanded note) on 30 March 2022@18:34:38.
Catharine Roth (added a reference) on 30 March 2022@18:38:09.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 31 March 2022@00:13:08.
Ronald Allen (added cross-references n.6) on 8 January 2023@14:00:17.

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