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Headword: Solôn
Adler number: sigma,776
Translated headword: Solon
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Solon, son of Exekestides, Athenian, philosopher, legislator and demagogue. He flourished in the 47th Olympiad, though some [say] the 56th.[1] After the tyrant Peisistratus had plotted against him, he emigrated to Cilicia and founded a city, which he called Soloi after himself. Some [say] he also founded Soloi in Cyprus,[2] [naming it] after himself, and that he died in Cyprus. He wrote laws for [the] Athenians, which some named Axles because they were written on wooden axles in Athens.[3] [He wrote] an elegiac poem called Salamis, an elegiac Counsels, and other things. This man is one of the so-called Seven Sages. The following sayings are attributed to him: "nothing in excess," and "know yourself."[4]
Greek Original:
Solôn, Exêkestidou, Athênaios, philosophos, nomothetês kai dêmagôgos. gegone de epi tês mz# Olumpiados, hoi de n#2#. epibouleutheis d' hupo Peisistratou tou turannou apedêmêsen en Kilikiai kai ektise polin, hên Solous ekalesen ex hautou. hoi de kai tous en Kuprôi Solous ex autou phasi kai teleutêsai auton en Kuprôi. egrapse nomous Athênaiois, hoi tines Axones ônomasthêsan dia to graphênai autous en xulinois axosin Athênêsi: poiêma di' elegeiôn, ho Salamis epigraphetai: Hupothêkas di' elegeias: kai alla. esti de kai houtos heis tôn z# onomazomenôn sophôn. kai pheretai autou apophthegma tode, mêden agan, ê to, gnôthi sauton.
Notes:
For Solon see also sigma 777, sigma 779, sigma 781, and generally Peter Rhodes in OCD4 s.v. The present entry shares material with Diogenes Laertius (1.45, 51, 62-3) and a scholion on Plato, Republic 10.559E, where S. is mentioned.
[1] The alternatives given here are 592-589 and 556-553. Adler notes the emendation of the latter by Bernhardy (endorsed by Rohde) which would produce "46th", i.e. 596-593. Solon was born c. 630-625 (see J.K. Davies, Athenian Propertied Families 600-300 BC (Oxford 1971) 323-4), so these are certainly floruit dates.
[2] See sigma 781. (A link between Solon and either of these cities is nonsense.)
[3] See alpha 2833 and nu 484.
[4] More usually regarded as Delphic wisdom; cf. gamma 334.
Keywords: biography; chronology; constitution; daily life; ethics; geography; history; law; philosophy; poetry; politics; proverbs
Translated by: Claudia Mársico on 4 February 1999@08:56:26.
Vetted by:
Ross Scaife ✝ on 28 March 1999@10:42:45.
Ross Scaife ✝ on 28 March 1999@10:47:21.
Ross Scaife ✝ on 28 March 1999@10:49:32.
David Whitehead (modified translation; added notes) on 17 January 2001@09:57:02.
David Whitehead (modified translation and note; added keyword) on 22 February 2002@05:07:30.
Elizabeth Vandiver (Added italics; cosmetics) on 23 October 2003@16:46:22.
David Whitehead (more keywords) on 11 November 2005@08:34:24.
David Whitehead (added primary note) on 14 October 2010@08:19:51.
David Whitehead (tweaking) on 30 December 2013@06:20:12.
David Whitehead (another keyword; cosmetics) on 7 April 2014@05:16:57.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 9 August 2014@11:36:25.
Catharine Roth (coding) on 17 March 2022@00:34:46.

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