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Headword: Kratês
Adler number: kappa,2341
Translated headword: Krates, Crates
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Son of Askondas, a Theban, a Cynic philosopher, a student of Diogenes and Bryson the Achaean. He liquidated his property and gave the money to a money-changer, telling him that if his sons were philosophers he should give it to the people, but if not, to the sons themselves.[1] He married Hipparchia of Maroneia and called their marriage "dog-coupling" (cynogamy).[2] He had a son by her, Pasikles. He flourished in the 113th Olympiad.[3] He was called "Door-opener" because he shamelessly entered anyone's house he wanted.[4]
This man, having abandoned his property [to be] sheep-pasturage, took to the altar and said, "Krates manumits Krates the Theban!"[5] He wrote philosophical works.
Krates said: "hunger stops passion; if not, time [does]; but if not even that can -- a halter."[6]
This man threw his property into the sea, as Philostratus the Lemnian says in his Life of Apollonius of Tyana.[7]
See also under 'Anaxagoras'.[8]
Greek Original:
Kratês, Askôndou, Thêbaios, philosophos Kunikos, mathêtês Diogenous kai Brusônos tou Achaiou: hos exargurisas tên ousian dedôke ta arguria trapezitêi eipôn, ei hoi paides autôi philosophêsousi, tôi dêmôi dounai, ei de mê, tois paisin autois. gêmas de Hipparchian tên Marôneitin kunogamian ton gamon ekalese. paida de eschen ex autês Pasiklea. ên de epi tês rig# Olumpiados. epeklêthê de Thurepanoiktês dia to adeôs epeisienai eis pantos, houper êbouleto, oikon. houtos katalipôn tên ousian mêloboton, artheis epi tou bômou eipen: eleutheroi Kratêta Thêbaion Kratês. egrapse philosopha. hoti Kratês eipen: erôta pauei limos: ei de mê, chronos: an de mêde toutôi dunasai, brochos. houtos katepontôse tên ousian, hôs legei Philostratos ho Lêmnios en tôi biôi Apollôniou tou Tuaneôs. kai zêtei en tôi Anaxagoras.
Notes:
c.368/5 - 288/5 BCE. See generally OCD(4) s.v. Crates(2) and Cynics. The bulk of the present entry derives from Diogenes Laertius 6.85-88, with extra material from Philostratus and elsewhere.
[1] See D.L. 6.88 (citing Demetrius of Magnesia). The point was not to punish the sons but to recognize that, if philosophers, they would have no need of money.
[2] That is, the marriage of one cynic to another. For Hipparchia see iota 517.
[3] 328-325. The Suda actually says that Krates was "born" then, but for "flourished", h)/kmaze, see D.L. 6.87.
[4] cf. theta 606.
[5] cf. beta 492 (with the note there) and theta 19.
[6] For these two lines of iambic verse cf. D.L. 6.86.
[7] 1.13.
[8] alpha 1981.
References:
Luis Navia. Classical Cynicism: A Critical Study. Greenwood Press, 1996 [pp.119-143]
L. Paquet. Les Cyniques grecs: Fragments et temoignages. Ottawa, 1988 [pp.103ff.]
Keywords: agriculture; biography; chronology; economics; ethics; gender and sexuality; geography; imagery; meter and music; philosophy; poetry; religion; women; zoology
Translated by: Alex Gottesman on 2 April 2000@19:39:05.
Vetted by:
Helma Dik on 2 April 2000@20:01:37.
Helma Dik (Minor changes in text. Perhaps add Pauly, OCD reffs in bibliography; Is dad called Ascondos or -das (cf Epaminondas)?) on 2 April 2000@20:10:04.
Helma Dik on 4 April 2000@11:58:54.
David Whitehead (modified translation; augmented notes; added keywords; cosmetics) on 25 May 2001@11:13:07.
David Whitehead (added note) on 13 December 2001@03:23:10.
David Whitehead (added note) on 21 November 2002@06:51:23.
David Whitehead (tweaked tr; more keywords; cosmetics) on 8 April 2008@03:25:57.
David Whitehead (more x-refs; more keywords) on 17 March 2013@06:23:22.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 4 August 2014@07:32:33.

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