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Headword: Krateros
Adler number: kappa,2335
Translated headword: Krateros, Craterus
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
The Macedonian, who was very large to look at and not far from royal bulk, and stood out by the splendour of his apparel,[1] and in all his dress was attired in the manner of Alexander, except for the diadem, and [was] to his associates the sort of man, with [his] reasonableness and with the addition of solemnity, to seem extremely amicable and plausible by the attractiveness of his words, when they compared [him] with the small size of Antipatros's body and his mean nature,[2] and additionally his aloofness and his savagery towards his subjects. [Accordingly] they revered Krateros in the manner of a king, and conferring praises upon him -- appropriately, given that he was the most daring of commanders and had the greatest understanding of military deeds -- they held him unquestionably second in esteem after Alexander. So on this point there was even a movement in the whole army, which openly revered Krateros like a king. Every one of them thought it wrong that both men had been appointed to an equal division, and they were totally unwilling to obey Antipatros. And Eumenes,[3] during the war, finding the prostrate body of Krateros with breath still in it, is said to have leapt down from his horse and bewailed him, calling to witness Krateros's courage and understanding and the extreme kindliness of his disposition and the unaffectedness of his friendship towards himself, inasmuch as he had no love of wealth and was a companion to upright justice. 'This man is indeed "strongest",'[4] [he said,] 'whose deeds of virtue find a concord of praises even among his opponents.'[5] And he tended his body with honour and with fitting magnificence. While, therefore, these things, too, bring good repute to Krateros, he is also believed to have been most wise and most gentle and most reliable in sharing friendship, since in fact he acquired comradeship by nature and practised it.
Greek Original:
Krateros, ho Makedôn: hos ên megistos te ophthênai kai ou prosô onkou basilikou, tês te skeuês têi lamprotêti diapherôn, kai panti tôi kosmôi kata ton Alexandron estalto plên tou diadêmatos: kai tois sunginomenois hoios sun epieikeiai kai tou semnou prosontos philophronestatos doxai kai pithanôtatos tôi epagôgôi tôn logôn, hôs sumballousi têi te smikrotêti tou Antipatrou sômatos kai têi phaulotêti, epi toutois tôi aprosmiktôi kai anêmerôi es tous hupêkoous: [hôste] therapeuein ton Krateron kata basilea, kai en epainois agontas kata to eikos, hoia dê stratêgôn ton eutolmotaton kai tôn polemikôn ergôn sunetôtaton, deuteron têi protimêsei meta Alexandron anamphilogôs agein. kinêsis te dê oun ên epi toutôi tês stratias sumpasês, Krateron men hoia basilea es to epiphanes therapeuousês, kai hekastôn apaxiountôn en isêi moirai amphô tetachthai, Antipatrôi de kat' ouden ethelontôn peithesthai. Eumenês de kata ton polemon heurôn to Kraterou sôma keimenon eti empnoun katapêdêsai te apo tou hippou legetai auton kai katolophurasthai, epimarturomenos andreian te tên Kraterou kai sunesin kai to agan hileôn tou tropou kai es philian tên pros hauton anepiplaston, hoson te ploutou aneraston kai orthêi dikaiosunêi suntrophon: kratistos de ara houtos, hotou ta aretês erga kai para tois enantiois tôi epainôi xumphônousês echei. entimôs de kai megaloprepôs to sôma autou ekêdeusen. echei men oun kai tauta Kraterôi agathên doxan, pepisteutai de sôphronestatos genesthai kai praotatos kai philias koinônêsai bebaiotatos, hoia dê to philetairon phusei ktêsamenos kai epitêdeusas.
Notes:
One of the marshals of Alexander the Great; died 321 BC. See generally OCD(3) s.v. Craterus.
This entry = Jacoby, FGrH 156 fr.177 a-b = Arrian, Affairs after Alexander, frs.19 and 26.
[1] cf. omicron 22 and sigma 562, where his name has become textually corrupted into Karteros.
[2] faulo/ths, 'poor nature', is explicitly contrasted with e)piei/keia, 'reasonableness', at Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1175b25. For Antipatros see alpha 2703/alpha 2704.
[3] For Eumenes see OCD(3) s.v. "Eumenes(3)".
[4] kra/tistos, a play on his name. In Diodorus Siculus 17.117.4 and Arrian, Anabasis 7.26.3, the dying Alexander leaves his kingdom to 'the strongest', tw=| krati/stw|.
[5] The syntax seems garbled; I translate the text given by Jacoby, tw=n e)pai/nwn sumfw/nhsin e)/xei. A simple emendation of the Suda's text would be to invert the order of a)reth=s and e)/rga, translating as 'whose deeds partake of virtue that accords with praise even among his opponents'.
Keywords: biography; clothing; economics; ethics; geography; historiography; history; medicine; military affairs; zoology
Translated by: D. Graham J. Shipley on 24 June 2001@04:59:32.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented notes; added keywords; cosmetics) on 24 June 2001@05:49:48.
David Whitehead (more keywords) on 4 December 2005@09:18:57.
David Whitehead (more keywords; tweaking) on 17 March 2013@06:04:22.
Catharine Roth (tweaked betacode) on 21 January 2020@20:01:51.

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