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Headword: Boulgaroi
Adler number: beta,423
Translated headword: Bulgars
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
The Bulgars were pleased [to be drawn] into the clothing of the Avars and they adopted it and wear it right up to the present day.
In the reign of Justinian Rhinotmetos[1] Terbelis [Tervel], the chieftain of the Bulgars flourished;[2] and this same Justinian and Constantine, the son of Heraclius, were tributary to him. For he laid on its back the shield that he had had in war, and his own whip that he used on his horse, and started pouring money in until he covered both of them. Having stuck his spear in the ground up to the end and put plenty of silk garments at its length and having filled boxes with gold and silver he started giving it away to the soldiers, using his right hand for the gold and the left one for the silver.
These same Bulgars utterly annihilated the Avars.[3] Krem[4] asked the Avarian captives "Why do you reckon your ruler and the whole people perished?" And they answered: "the number of mutual accusations increased and destroyed the bravest and the most prudent; and then the wrong-doers and the thieves became associates of the judges; and then [there was] the drunkenness -- for everyone became drunkards once the wine had become abundant; and then [there was] the bribery, and then the business dealings -- for everyone became traders and started cheating one another. And from these things came our doom." Having heard this [Krem] convened all the Bulgars and issued decrees as their lawgiver: if someone accused someone, he should not be listened until hе was tied up and interrogated; and if he was found to be a false accuser and a liar he was to be annihilated. It was not permitted to share food with a thief -- or the one daring to do it would be summarily deprived of his property. And he ordered that the legs of a thief be broken off, and that all grapevines be rooted out; and that to every supplicant should be given not everything, but a sufficiency for him, so that he would not be in need again; and anyone not doing this should have his property summarily confiscated. They [sc. the Bulgars] utterly annihilated all the Avars, as it had been said.
Greek Original:
Boulgaroi: hoti hoi Boulgaroi êresthêsan eis tên stolên tôn Abarôn kai metêmphiasanto autên kai heôs nun peribeblêntai. hoti epi Ioustinianou tou Rhinotmêtou êkmazen ho Terbelis, ho tôn Boulgarôn archêgos: kai ho autos Ioustinianos kai Kônstantinos, ho Hêrakleiou huios, hupophoroi toutôi êsan. tên gar aspida, hên eichen en polemôi, huptian ethêke kai tên heautou mastiga, hêi echrêto epi tou hippou, kai heôs hou eskepasen amphotera, chrêmata enetithei. kai to doru en têi gêi parekteinas mechri tôn peratôn kai es hupsos polu sêrikên esthêta etithei, kai kibôtia plêsas chrusou kai argurou tois stratiôtais edidou, tên men dexian chrusiou plêrôn, tên de laian arguriou. hoti tous Abaris katakratos ardên êphanisan hoi autoi Boulgaroi. êrôtêse de Krem tous tôn Abarôn aichmalôtous: pothen suniete hoti apôleto ho archôn humôn kai to ethnos holon; kai apekrithêsan, hoti eplêthunan hai kat' allêlôn katêgoriai kai apôlesan tous andreioterous kai phronimôterous, eita hoi adikoi kai hoi kleptai koinônoi tois kritais egenonto, eita hê methê: plêthunthentos gar tou oinou pantes egenonto methusoi: eita hê dôrodokia, eita hê pragmateia: pantes gar egenonto emporoi kai allêlous dolioumenoi. kai hê apôleia hêmôn êlthen ek toutôn. ho de tauta akousas sunekalesato tous Boulgarous pantas kai dietaxato nomothetôn: ean tis katêgorêsêi tinos, mê akouesthô proteron, ê detheis exetasthêi: kai eige sukophantôn heurethêsetai kai pseudomenos, anaireisthô. mêde exestô tini kleptonti metadounai trophês: ê tacha touto tolmôn tis dêmeuesthô. kai tou kleptou men sunklan ta skelê, tous de ampelônas pantas ekrizôsai ekeleuse: tôi de aitounti panti mê haplôs didonai, alla tên autarkeian autou, hôs mê kai authis auton deesthai: ê tacha dêmeuesthô ho mê houtô poiôn. tous de Abaris pantas, hôs lelektai, ardên êphanisan.
Notes:
[1] Justinian II: see iota 447, and cf. tau 901.
[2] cf. beta 157, tau 333.
[3] cf. alpha 18.
[4] a.k.a. Krum; cf. kappa 2369.
Keywords: biography; botany; chronology; clothing; economics; ethics; food; geography; history; law; military affairs; trade and manufacture; zoology
Translated by: Kiril Galev on 11 August 2003@20:13:44.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (supplied headword; modified parts of translation; added x-refs and keywords; cosmetics) on 12 August 2003@04:59:39.
David Whitehead (another x-ref and keyword) on 12 August 2003@07:33:19.
David Whitehead (modified translation of first sentence; added note) on 12 August 2003@09:09:59.
David Whitehead (modified translation; added keyword) on 19 August 2003@06:18:02.
David Whitehead (more keywords) on 20 November 2005@10:41:19.
David Whitehead (more keywords; cosmetics) on 1 June 2012@07:20:33.

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